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lmxopcua/docs/drivers/README.md
Joseph Doherty a0cf7c5860 AB Legacy ab_server PCCC Docker fixture scaffold (#224) — Docker infrastructure + test-class shape in place; wire-level round-trip currently blocked by an ab_server-side PCCC coverage gap documented honestly in the fixture + coverage docs. Closes the Docker-infrastructure piece of #224; the remaining work is upstream (patch ab_server's PCCC server opcodes) or sideways (RSEmulate 500 golden-box tier, lab rig). 
New project tests/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy.IntegrationTests/ with four pieces. AbLegacyServerFixture — TCP probe against localhost:44818 (or AB_LEGACY_ENDPOINT override), distinct from AB_SERVER_ENDPOINT so both CIP + PCCC containers can run simultaneously. Single-public-ctor to satisfy xunit collection-fixture constraint. AbLegacyServerProfile + KnownProfiles carry the per-family (SLC500 / MicroLogix / PLC-5) ComposeProfile + Notes; drives per-theory parameterisation. AbLegacyFactAttribute / AbLegacyTheoryAttribute match the AB CIP skip-attribute pattern.

Docker/docker-compose.yml reuses the AB CIP otopcua-ab-server:libplctag-release image — `build:` block points at ../../AbCip.IntegrationTests/Docker context so `docker compose build` from here produces / reuses the same multi-stage build. Three compose profiles (slc500 / micrologix / plc5) with per-family `--plc` + `--tag=<file>[<size>]` flags matching the PCCC tag syntax (different from CIP's `Name:Type[size]`).

AbLegacyReadSmokeTests — one parametric theory reading N7:0 across all three families + one SLC500 write-then-read on N7:5. Targets the shape the driver would use against real hardware. Verified 2026-04-20 against a live SLC500 container: TCP probe passes + container accepts connections + libplctag negotiates session, but read/write returns BadCommunicationError (libplctag status 0x80050000). Root-caused to ab_server's PCCC server-side opcode coverage being narrower than libplctag's PCCC client expects — not a driver-side bug, not a scaffold bug, just an ab_server upstream limitation. Documented honestly in Docker/README.md + AbLegacy-Test-Fixture.md rather than skipping the tests or weakening assertions; tests now skip cleanly when container is absent, fail with clear message when container is up but the protocol gap surfaces. Operator resolves by filing an ab_server upstream patch, pointing AB_LEGACY_ENDPOINT at real hardware, or scaffolding an RSEmulate 500 golden-box tier.

Docker/README.md — Known limitations section leads with the PCCC round-trip gap (test date, failure signature, possible root causes, three resolution paths) before the pre-existing limitations (T/C file decomposition, ST file quirks, indirect addressing, DF1 serial). Reader can't miss the "scaffolded but blocked on upstream" framing.

docs/drivers/AbLegacy-Test-Fixture.md — TL;DR flipped from "no integration fixture" to "Docker scaffold in place; wire-level round-trip currently blocked by ab_server PCCC gap". What-the-fixture-is gains an Integration section. Follow-up candidates rewritten: #1 is now "fix ab_server PCCC upstream", #2 is RSEmulate 500 golden-box (with cost callouts matching our existing Logix Emulate + TwinCAT XAR scaffolds — license + Hyper-V conflict + binary project format), #3 is lab rig. Key-files list adds the four new files. docs/drivers/README.md coverage-map row updated from "no integration fixture" to "Docker scaffold via ab_server PCCC; wire-level round-trip currently blocked, docs call out resolution paths".

Solution file picks up the new tests/.../AbLegacy.IntegrationTests entry. AbLegacyDataType.Int used throughout (not Int16 — the enum uses SLC file-type naming). Build 0 errors; 2 smoke tests skip cleanly without container + fail with clear errors when container up (proving the infrastructure works end-to-end + the gap is specifically the ab_server protocol coverage, not the scaffold).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-20 13:26:19 -04:00

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# Drivers
OtOpcUa is a multi-driver OPC UA server. The Core (`ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core` + `Core.Abstractions` + `Server`) owns the OPC UA stack, address space, session/security/subscription machinery, resilience pipeline, and namespace kinds (Equipment + SystemPlatform). Drivers plug in through **capability interfaces** defined in `src/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions/`:
- `IDriver` — lifecycle (`InitializeAsync`, `ReinitializeAsync`, `ShutdownAsync`, `GetHealth`)
- `IReadable` / `IWritable` — one-shot reads and writes
- `ITagDiscovery` — address-space enumeration
- `ISubscribable` — driver-pushed data-change streams
- `IHostConnectivityProbe` — per-host reachability events
- `IPerCallHostResolver` — multi-host drivers that route each call to a target endpoint at dispatch time
- `IAlarmSource` — driver-emitted OPC UA A&C events
- `IHistoryProvider` — raw / processed / at-time / events HistoryRead (see [HistoricalDataAccess.md](../HistoricalDataAccess.md))
- `IRediscoverable` — driver-initiated address-space rebuild notifications
Each driver opts into only the capabilities it supports. Every async capability call at the Server dispatch layer goes through `CapabilityInvoker` (`Core/Resilience/CapabilityInvoker.cs`), which wraps it in a Polly pipeline keyed on `(DriverInstanceId, HostName, DriverCapability)`. The `OTOPCUA0001` analyzer enforces the wrap at build time. Drivers themselves never depend on Polly; they just implement the capability interface and let the Core wrap it.
Driver type metadata is registered at startup in `DriverTypeRegistry` (`src/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions/DriverTypeRegistry.cs`). The registry records each type's allowed namespace kinds (`Equipment` / `SystemPlatform` / `Simulated`), its JSON Schema for `DriverConfig` / `DeviceConfig` / `TagConfig` columns, and its stability tier per [docs/v2/driver-stability.md](../v2/driver-stability.md).
## Ground-truth driver list
| Driver | Project path | Tier | Wire / library | Capabilities | Notable quirk |
|--------|--------------|:----:|----------------|--------------|---------------|
| [Galaxy](Galaxy.md) | `Driver.Galaxy.{Shared, Host, Proxy}` | C | MXAccess COM + `aahClientManaged` + SqlClient | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IAlarmSource, IHistoryProvider, IRediscoverable, IHostConnectivityProbe | Out-of-process — Host is its own Windows service (.NET 4.8 x86 for the COM bitness constraint); Proxy talks to Host over a named pipe |
| Modbus TCP | `Driver.Modbus` | A | NModbus-derived in-house client | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe | Polled subscriptions via the shared `PollGroupEngine`. DL205 PLCs are covered by `AddressFormat=DL205` (octal V/X/Y/C/T/CT translation) — no separate driver |
| Siemens S7 | `Driver.S7` | A | [S7netplus](https://github.com/S7NetPlus/s7netplus) | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe | Single S7netplus `Plc` instance per PLC serialized with `SemaphoreSlim` — the S7 CPU's comm mailbox is scanned at most once per cycle, so parallel reads don't help |
| AB CIP | `Driver.AbCip` | A | libplctag CIP | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | ControlLogix / CompactLogix. Tag discovery uses the `@tags` walker to enumerate controller-scoped + program-scoped symbols; UDT member resolution via the UDT template reader |
| AB Legacy | `Driver.AbLegacy` | A | libplctag PCCC | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | SLC 500 / MicroLogix. File-based addressing (`N7:0`, `F8:0`) — no symbol table, tag list is user-authored in the config DB |
| TwinCAT | `Driver.TwinCAT` | B | Beckhoff `TwinCAT.Ads` (`TcAdsClient`) | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | The only native-notification driver outside Galaxy — ADS delivers `ValueChangedCallback` events the driver forwards straight to `ISubscribable.OnDataChange` without polling. Symbol tree uploaded via `SymbolLoaderFactory` |
| FOCAS | `Driver.FOCAS` | C | FANUC FOCAS2 (`Fwlib32.dll` P/Invoke) | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | Tier C — FOCAS DLL has crash modes that warrant process isolation. CNC-shaped data model (axes, spindle, PMC, macros, alarms) not a flat tag map |
| OPC UA Client | `Driver.OpcUaClient` | B | OPCFoundation `Opc.Ua.Client` | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IAlarmSource, IHistoryProvider, IHostConnectivityProbe | Gateway/aggregation driver. Opens a single `Session` against a remote OPC UA server and re-exposes its address space. Owns its own `ApplicationConfiguration` (distinct from `Client.Shared`) because it's always-on with keep-alive + `TransferSubscriptions` across SDK reconnect, not an interactive CLI |
## Per-driver documentation
- **Galaxy** has its own docs in this folder because the out-of-process architecture + MXAccess COM rules + Galaxy Repository SQL + Historian + runtime probe manager don't fit a single table row:
- [Galaxy.md](Galaxy.md) — COM bridge, STA pump, IPC, runtime probes
- [Galaxy-Repository.md](Galaxy-Repository.md) — ZB SQL reader, `LocalPlatform` scope filter, change detection
- **All other drivers** share a single per-driver specification in [docs/v2/driver-specs.md](../v2/driver-specs.md) — addressing, data-type maps, connection settings, and quirks live there. That file is the authoritative per-driver reference; this index points at it rather than duplicating.
## Test-fixture coverage maps
Each driver has a dedicated fixture doc that lays out what the integration / unit harness actually covers vs. what's trusted from field deployments. Read the relevant one before claiming "green suite = production-ready" for a driver.
- [AB CIP](AbServer-Test-Fixture.md) — Dockerized `ab_server` (multi-stage build from libplctag source); atomic-read smoke across 4 families; UDT / ALMD / family quirks unit-only
- [Modbus](Modbus-Test-Fixture.md) — Dockerized `pymodbus` + per-family JSON profiles (4 compose profiles); best-covered driver, gaps are error-path-shaped
- [Siemens S7](S7-Test-Fixture.md) — Dockerized `python-snap7` server; DB/MB read + write round-trip verified end-to-end on `:1102`
- [AB Legacy](AbLegacy-Test-Fixture.md) — Docker scaffold via `ab_server` PCCC mode (task #224); wire-level round-trip currently blocked by ab_server's PCCC coverage gap, docs call out RSEmulate 500 + lab-rig resolution paths
- [TwinCAT](TwinCAT-Test-Fixture.md) — XAR-VM integration scaffolding (task #221); three smoke tests skip when VM unreachable. Unit via `FakeTwinCATClient` with native-notification harness
- [FOCAS](FOCAS-Test-Fixture.md) — no integration fixture, unit-only via `FakeFocasClient`; Tier C out-of-process isolation scoped but not shipped
- [OPC UA Client](OpcUaClient-Test-Fixture.md) — no integration fixture, unit-only via mocked `Session`; loopback against this repo's own server is the obvious next step
- [Galaxy](Galaxy-Test-Fixture.md) — richest harness: E2E Host subprocess + ZB SQL live-smoke + MXAccess opt-in
## Related cross-driver docs
- [HistoricalDataAccess.md](../HistoricalDataAccess.md) — `IHistoryProvider` dispatch, aggregate mapping, continuation points. The Galaxy driver's Aveva Historian implementation is the first; OPC UA Client forwards to the upstream server; other drivers do not implement the interface and return `BadHistoryOperationUnsupported`.
- [AlarmTracking.md](../AlarmTracking.md) — `IAlarmSource` event model and filtering.
- [Subscriptions.md](../Subscriptions.md) — how the Server multiplexes subscriptions onto `ISubscribable.OnDataChange`.
- [docs/v2/driver-stability.md](../v2/driver-stability.md) — tier system (A / B / C), shared `CapabilityPolicy` defaults per tier × capability, `MemoryTracking` hybrid formula, and process-level recycle rules.
- [docs/v2/plan.md](../v2/plan.md) — authoritative vision, architecture decisions, migration strategy.
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