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lmxopcua/docs/drivers/README.md
Joseph Doherty 6609141493 Dockerize Modbus + AB CIP + S7 test fixtures for reproducibility. Every driver integration simulator now has a pinned Docker image alongside the existing native launcher — Docker is the primary path, native fallbacks kept for contributors who prefer them. Matches the already-Dockerized OpcUaClient/opc-plc pattern from #215 so every fixture in the fleet presents the same compose-up/test/compose-down loop. Reproducibility gain: what used to require a local pip/Python install (Modbus pymodbus, S7 python-snap7) or a per-OS C build from source (AB CIP ab_server from libplctag) now collapses to a Dockerfile + docker compose up. Modbus — new tests/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Modbus.IntegrationTests/Docker/ with Dockerfile (python:3.12-slim-bookworm + pymodbus[simulator]==3.13.0) + docker-compose.yml with four compose profiles (standard / dl205 / mitsubishi / s7_1500) backed by the existing profile JSONs copied under Docker/profiles/ as canonical; native fallback in Pymodbus/ retained with the same JSON set (symlink-equivalent — manual re-sync when profiles change, noted in both READMEs). Port 5020 unchanged so MODBUS_SIM_ENDPOINT + ModbusSimulatorFixture work without code change. Dropped the --no_http CLI arg the old serve.ps1 + compose draft passed — pymodbus 3.13 doesn't recognize it; the simulator's http ui just binds inside the container where nothing maps it out and costs nothing. S7 — new tests/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7.IntegrationTests/Docker/ with Dockerfile (python:3.12-slim-bookworm + python-snap7>=2.0) + docker-compose.yml with one s7_1500 compose profile; copies the existing server.py shim + s7_1500.json seed profile; runs python -u server.py ... --port 1102. Native fallback in PythonSnap7/ retained. Port 1102 unchanged. AB CIP — hardest because ab_server is a source-only C tool in libplctag's src/tools/ab_server/. New tests/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip.IntegrationTests/Docker/ Dockerfile is multi-stage: build stage (debian:bookworm-slim + build-essential + cmake) clones libplctag at a pinned tag + cmake --build build --target ab_server; runtime stage (debian:bookworm-slim) copies just the binary from /src/build/bin_dist/ab_server. docker-compose.yml ships four compose profiles (controllogix / compactlogix / micro800 / guardlogix) with per-family ab_server CLI args matching AbServerProfile.cs. AbServerFixture updated: tries TCP probe on 127.0.0.1:44818 first (Docker path) + spawns the native binary only as fallback when no listener is there. AB_SERVER_ENDPOINT env var supported for pointing at a real PLC. AbServerFact/Theory attributes updated to IsServerAvailable() which accepts any of: live listener on 44818, AB_SERVER_ENDPOINT set, or binary on PATH. Required two CLI-compat fixes to ab_server's argument expectations that the existing native profile never caught because it was never actually run at CI: --plc is case-sensitive (ControlLogix not controllogix), CIP tags need [size] bracket notation (DINT[1] not bare DINT), ControlLogix also requires --path=1,0. Compose files carry the corrected flags; the existing native-path AbServerProfile.cs was never invoked in practice so we don't rewrite it here. Micro800 now uses the --plc=Micro800 mode rather than falling back to ControlLogix emulation — ab_server does have the dedicated mode, the old Notes saying otherwise were wrong. Updated docs: three fixture coverage docs (Modbus-Test-Fixture.md, S7-Test-Fixture.md, AbServer-Test-Fixture.md) flip their "What the fixture is" section from native-only to Docker-primary-with-native-fallback; dev-environment.md §Resource Inventory replaces the old ambiguous "Docker Desktop + ab_server native" mix with four per-driver rows (each listing the image, compose file, compose profiles, port, credentials) + a new Docker fixtures — quick reference subsection giving the one-line docker compose -f <…> --profile <…> up for each driver + the env-var override names + the native fallback install recipes. drivers/README.md coverage map table updated — Modbus/AB CIP/S7 entries now read "Dockerized …" consistent with OpcUaClient's line. Verified end-to-end against live containers: Modbus DL205 smoke 1/1, S7 3/3, AB CIP ControlLogix 4/4 (all family theory rows). Container lifecycle clean (up/test/down, no leaked state). Every fixture keeps its skip-when-absent probe + env-var endpoint override so dotnet test on a fresh clone without Docker running still gets a green run. 
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-20 12:09:44 -04:00

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# Drivers
OtOpcUa is a multi-driver OPC UA server. The Core (`ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core` + `Core.Abstractions` + `Server`) owns the OPC UA stack, address space, session/security/subscription machinery, resilience pipeline, and namespace kinds (Equipment + SystemPlatform). Drivers plug in through **capability interfaces** defined in `src/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions/`:
- `IDriver` — lifecycle (`InitializeAsync`, `ReinitializeAsync`, `ShutdownAsync`, `GetHealth`)
- `IReadable` / `IWritable` — one-shot reads and writes
- `ITagDiscovery` — address-space enumeration
- `ISubscribable` — driver-pushed data-change streams
- `IHostConnectivityProbe` — per-host reachability events
- `IPerCallHostResolver` — multi-host drivers that route each call to a target endpoint at dispatch time
- `IAlarmSource` — driver-emitted OPC UA A&C events
- `IHistoryProvider` — raw / processed / at-time / events HistoryRead (see [HistoricalDataAccess.md](../HistoricalDataAccess.md))
- `IRediscoverable` — driver-initiated address-space rebuild notifications
Each driver opts into only the capabilities it supports. Every async capability call at the Server dispatch layer goes through `CapabilityInvoker` (`Core/Resilience/CapabilityInvoker.cs`), which wraps it in a Polly pipeline keyed on `(DriverInstanceId, HostName, DriverCapability)`. The `OTOPCUA0001` analyzer enforces the wrap at build time. Drivers themselves never depend on Polly; they just implement the capability interface and let the Core wrap it.
Driver type metadata is registered at startup in `DriverTypeRegistry` (`src/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions/DriverTypeRegistry.cs`). The registry records each type's allowed namespace kinds (`Equipment` / `SystemPlatform` / `Simulated`), its JSON Schema for `DriverConfig` / `DeviceConfig` / `TagConfig` columns, and its stability tier per [docs/v2/driver-stability.md](../v2/driver-stability.md).
## Ground-truth driver list
| Driver | Project path | Tier | Wire / library | Capabilities | Notable quirk |
|--------|--------------|:----:|----------------|--------------|---------------|
| [Galaxy](Galaxy.md) | `Driver.Galaxy.{Shared, Host, Proxy}` | C | MXAccess COM + `aahClientManaged` + SqlClient | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IAlarmSource, IHistoryProvider, IRediscoverable, IHostConnectivityProbe | Out-of-process — Host is its own Windows service (.NET 4.8 x86 for the COM bitness constraint); Proxy talks to Host over a named pipe |
| Modbus TCP | `Driver.Modbus` | A | NModbus-derived in-house client | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe | Polled subscriptions via the shared `PollGroupEngine`. DL205 PLCs are covered by `AddressFormat=DL205` (octal V/X/Y/C/T/CT translation) — no separate driver |
| Siemens S7 | `Driver.S7` | A | [S7netplus](https://github.com/S7NetPlus/s7netplus) | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe | Single S7netplus `Plc` instance per PLC serialized with `SemaphoreSlim` — the S7 CPU's comm mailbox is scanned at most once per cycle, so parallel reads don't help |
| AB CIP | `Driver.AbCip` | A | libplctag CIP | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | ControlLogix / CompactLogix. Tag discovery uses the `@tags` walker to enumerate controller-scoped + program-scoped symbols; UDT member resolution via the UDT template reader |
| AB Legacy | `Driver.AbLegacy` | A | libplctag PCCC | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | SLC 500 / MicroLogix. File-based addressing (`N7:0`, `F8:0`) — no symbol table, tag list is user-authored in the config DB |
| TwinCAT | `Driver.TwinCAT` | B | Beckhoff `TwinCAT.Ads` (`TcAdsClient`) | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | The only native-notification driver outside Galaxy — ADS delivers `ValueChangedCallback` events the driver forwards straight to `ISubscribable.OnDataChange` without polling. Symbol tree uploaded via `SymbolLoaderFactory` |
| FOCAS | `Driver.FOCAS` | C | FANUC FOCAS2 (`Fwlib32.dll` P/Invoke) | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver | Tier C — FOCAS DLL has crash modes that warrant process isolation. CNC-shaped data model (axes, spindle, PMC, macros, alarms) not a flat tag map |
| OPC UA Client | `Driver.OpcUaClient` | B | OPCFoundation `Opc.Ua.Client` | IDriver, ITagDiscovery, IReadable, IWritable, ISubscribable, IAlarmSource, IHistoryProvider, IHostConnectivityProbe | Gateway/aggregation driver. Opens a single `Session` against a remote OPC UA server and re-exposes its address space. Owns its own `ApplicationConfiguration` (distinct from `Client.Shared`) because it's always-on with keep-alive + `TransferSubscriptions` across SDK reconnect, not an interactive CLI |
## Per-driver documentation
- **Galaxy** has its own docs in this folder because the out-of-process architecture + MXAccess COM rules + Galaxy Repository SQL + Historian + runtime probe manager don't fit a single table row:
- [Galaxy.md](Galaxy.md) — COM bridge, STA pump, IPC, runtime probes
- [Galaxy-Repository.md](Galaxy-Repository.md) — ZB SQL reader, `LocalPlatform` scope filter, change detection
- **All other drivers** share a single per-driver specification in [docs/v2/driver-specs.md](../v2/driver-specs.md) — addressing, data-type maps, connection settings, and quirks live there. That file is the authoritative per-driver reference; this index points at it rather than duplicating.
## Test-fixture coverage maps
Each driver has a dedicated fixture doc that lays out what the integration / unit harness actually covers vs. what's trusted from field deployments. Read the relevant one before claiming "green suite = production-ready" for a driver.
- [AB CIP](AbServer-Test-Fixture.md) — Dockerized `ab_server` (multi-stage build from libplctag source); atomic-read smoke across 4 families; UDT / ALMD / family quirks unit-only
- [Modbus](Modbus-Test-Fixture.md) — Dockerized `pymodbus` + per-family JSON profiles (4 compose profiles); best-covered driver, gaps are error-path-shaped
- [Siemens S7](S7-Test-Fixture.md) — Dockerized `python-snap7` server; DB/MB read + write round-trip verified end-to-end on `:1102`
- [AB Legacy](AbLegacy-Test-Fixture.md) — no integration fixture, unit-only via `FakeAbLegacyTag` (libplctag PCCC)
- [TwinCAT](TwinCAT-Test-Fixture.md) — no integration fixture, unit-only via `FakeTwinCATClient` with native-notification harness
- [FOCAS](FOCAS-Test-Fixture.md) — no integration fixture, unit-only via `FakeFocasClient`; Tier C out-of-process isolation scoped but not shipped
- [OPC UA Client](OpcUaClient-Test-Fixture.md) — no integration fixture, unit-only via mocked `Session`; loopback against this repo's own server is the obvious next step
- [Galaxy](Galaxy-Test-Fixture.md) — richest harness: E2E Host subprocess + ZB SQL live-smoke + MXAccess opt-in
## Related cross-driver docs
- [HistoricalDataAccess.md](../HistoricalDataAccess.md) — `IHistoryProvider` dispatch, aggregate mapping, continuation points. The Galaxy driver's Aveva Historian implementation is the first; OPC UA Client forwards to the upstream server; other drivers do not implement the interface and return `BadHistoryOperationUnsupported`.
- [AlarmTracking.md](../AlarmTracking.md) — `IAlarmSource` event model and filtering.
- [Subscriptions.md](../Subscriptions.md) — how the Server multiplexes subscriptions onto `ISubscribable.OnDataChange`.
- [docs/v2/driver-stability.md](../v2/driver-stability.md) — tier system (A / B / C), shared `CapabilityPolicy` defaults per tier × capability, `MemoryTracking` hybrid formula, and process-level recycle rules.
- [docs/v2/plan.md](../v2/plan.md) — authoritative vision, architecture decisions, migration strategy.
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