Merge pull request 'docs(archreview): live finding — keep-oldest downs the survivor on oldest-crash (#459 )' (#462 ) from docs/459-oldest-crash-live-finding into master

docs(archreview): live finding — keep-oldest downs the survivor on oldest-crash (#459 )
2-container docker-dev rig: hard-killing the oldest node makes the younger survivor down ITSELF (SBR DownReachable including myself -> CoordinatedShutdown) -> no failover, total outage. Reproduced twice. Confirms #459 is REAL and disproves Option A (keep keep-oldest). Baseline ServiceLevel 250(leader)/240(follower) captured before the kill. Documents why (textbook 2-node keep-oldest limitation; down-if-alone doesn't rescue a crashed oldest) and why the in-process HardKillFailoverTests gave false confidence (Transport.Shutdown keeps the ActorSystem alive, not a real crash). Fix needs Option B (witness+keep-majority) or Option C (DB-lease arbiter).
2026-07-15 10:03:49 -04:00 · 2026-07-15 10:03:31 -04:00 · 2026-07-15 08:49:51 -04:00 · 2026-07-15 08:49:17 -04:00 · 2026-07-15 08:38:13 -04:00 · 2026-07-15 08:17:55 -04:00
48 changed files with 1928 additions and 230 deletions
@@ -111,10 +111,12 @@ dotnet test tests/Core/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Tests               # a single tes
 dotnet test --filter "FullyQualifiedName~MyTestClass.MyMethod"    # a single test
 ```

-`Directory.Build.props` carries a temporary `NuGetAuditSuppress` for
-CVE-2025-6965 / GHSA-2m69-gcr7-jv3q (transitive native `SQLitePCLRaw.lib.e_sqlite3`,
-no upstream fix yet) — so restore/build not flagging it is expected; remove the
-suppression once a patched bundle ships.
+CVE-2025-6965 / GHSA-2m69-gcr7-jv3q (transitive native `SQLitePCLRaw.lib.e_sqlite3`)
+is **resolved** — the temporary `NuGetAuditSuppress` was removed once the patched bundle
+shipped. `Core.AlarmHistorian` now carries a surgical direct pin of
+`SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3` to `2.1.12` (the first fixed native bundle, embedding the
+SQLite 3.50.2+ patch), overriding the `2.1.11` that `Microsoft.Data.Sqlite` pulls
+transitively. `dotnet restore`/`build` is clean with the audit active.

 Test projects live under `tests/<module>/` (Core, Server, Drivers,
 Drivers/Cli, Client, Tooling) — there is no single unit-test project.
@@ -125,6 +127,11 @@ central SQL Server.

 ## Docker Workflow (driver fixtures + central SQL Server)

+> **Infra index:** [`infra/README.md`](infra/README.md) is the canonical index of all testing +
+> deployment infrastructure — the Docker host layout, driver fixtures, the env-gated **live-gate**
+> recipes (S7 blackhole, GLAuth outage, HistorianGateway LiveIntegration), the integration-test
+> harness, the docker-dev rig, and the deploy setup. Start there; the sections below + `docs/v2/dev-environment.md` carry the detail.
+
 > **Migrated 2026-04-28**: Docker config + host moved off this dev VM (DESKTOP-6JL3KKO) onto the shared Linux Docker host (`DOCKER`, 10.100.0.35) so the dev VM could shed WSL2/Hyper-V and have its GPU re-attached via ESXi passthrough. Docker Desktop is no longer installed here. All checked-in `appsettings.json` defaults, fixture-class default endpoints, and `e2e-config.sample.json` were rewritten to target `10.100.0.35`. The driver fixture compose files under `tests/.../Docker/docker-compose.yml` now carry a `project: lmxopcua` label on every service. See `docs/v2/dev-environment.md` for the full rewrite (header dated 2026-04-28).

 Docker workloads run on a shared Linux host at **`10.100.0.35`** — not on this VM. Stacks live at `/opt/otopcua-<driver>/` on the host and carry the `project=lmxopcua` label so they're discoverable via `docker ps --filter label=project=lmxopcua`.
@@ -180,7 +187,7 @@ The server supports non-transparent warm/hot redundancy via the `Redundancy` sec

 The server uses LDAP-based user authentication via the `Security:Ldap` section in `appsettings.json`. When enabled, credentials are validated by LDAP bind against a GLAuth server, and LDAP group membership maps to OPC UA permissions: `ReadOnly` (browse/read), `WriteOperate` (write FreeAccess/Operate attributes), `WriteTune` (write Tune attributes), `WriteConfigure` (write Configure attributes), `AlarmAck` (alarm acknowledgment). `LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator` (`src/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host/OpcUa/LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator.cs`) implements `IOpcUaUserAuthenticator`, delegating the LDAP bind + group lookup to `OtOpcUaLdapAuthService` (`src/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Security/Ldap/OtOpcUaLdapAuthService.cs`, an `ILdapAuthService`). See `docs/security.md` for the full guide.

-Dev/test LDAP is the **shared GLAuth** running on the Linux Docker host at `10.100.0.35:3893` (baseDN `dc=zb,dc=local`, plaintext/`Transport=None`). It is managed via `scadaproj/infra/glauth/` (source of truth + deploy runbook). Single bind account `cn=serviceaccount,dc=zb,dc=local` / `serviceaccount123`; all test users password `password`. The docker-dev compose binds this shared instance directly — `DevStubMode` is no longer used. The per-VM NSSM GLAuth at `C:\publish\glauth\` and the old base DNs `dc=lmxopcua,dc=local` / `dc=otopcua,dc=local` are obsolete. (The integration-test harness under `tests/.../Host.IntegrationTests/` uses a separate ephemeral bitnami/openldap on port 3894 for automated tests — that is distinct from the shared dev GLAuth.)
+Dev/test LDAP is the **shared GLAuth** running on the Linux Docker host at `10.100.0.35:3893` (baseDN `dc=zb,dc=local`, plaintext/`Transport=None`). It is managed via `scadaproj/infra/glauth/` (source of truth + deploy runbook). Single bind account `cn=serviceaccount,dc=zb,dc=local` / `serviceaccount123`; all test users password `password`. The docker-dev compose binds this shared instance directly — `DevStubMode` is no longer used. The per-VM NSSM GLAuth at `C:\publish\glauth\` and the old base DNs `dc=lmxopcua,dc=local` / `dc=otopcua,dc=local` are obsolete. (The integration-test harness under `tests/.../Host.IntegrationTests/` runs its own ephemeral **GLAuth** container on port 3894 — seeded by `tests/.../Host.IntegrationTests/glauth/config.toml` with dev users alice/bob + the `cn=serviceaccount` bind account — for the opt-in `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_LDAP=1` real-bind mode; distinct from the shared dev GLAuth on 3893. It replaced the retired `bitnami/openldap:2.6` in PR #451, 2026-07-15.)

 ## Library Preferences

@@ -319,11 +326,12 @@ When the section is disabled the applier binds the no-op `NullHistorianProvision
 run. Every dispatch logs a tally (`dispatched/requested/ensured/skipped/failed`); `dispatched=N` with
 `requested=0` flags the dormant no-op. The API key must carry `historian:tags:write` for `EnsureTags`. (PR
 #423 shipped `GatewayTagProvisioner` but left this wiring out, so provisioning was dormant; restored 2026-06-27.)
-**0.2.0 DataType delta (archreview 06/U-7):** `EnsureTags` is an **upsert** (create-or-update, not
-skip-if-exists), and the 0.2.0 `HistorianTagDefinition.DataType` proto3-optional change means Boolean tags now
-provision as **Int1** (0.1.0 silently defaulted them to Float). A pre-bump Float Boolean is asked to retype
-on its next deploy; the AVEVA-side retype policy is pinned by the live retype probe — see the "0.2.0 DataType
-provisioning delta" section in `docs/Historian.md`.
+**DataType mapping (issue #441):** `EnsureTags` is an **upsert** (create-or-update, not skip-if-exists).
+`HistorianTypeMapper` maps **`Boolean → Int2`** (Boolean historizes as a small 0/1 integer) because the
+historian's `Int1` analog-tag creation path is **server-degenerate** — `EnsureTags(Int1)` stores an unusable
+stub (live-probed; gateway-side resolution in HistorianGateway #11 / PR #16). Both Float and Int2 are
+supported analog types, so a pre-existing Float Boolean tag retypes cleanly to Int2 on its next deploy — see
+the "Boolean historization maps to Int2" section in `docs/Historian.md`.

 ### Gateway-side prerequisites

@@ -358,7 +366,7 @@ export HISTGW_GATEWAY_ENDPOINT=https://wonder-sql-vd03:5222   # absolute gateway
 export HISTGW_GATEWAY_APIKEY=histgw_<id>_<secret>             # must carry historian:read + historian:write (+ tags:write) scopes
 export HISTGW_TEST_TAG=<existing-tag>                         # read round-trip
 export HISTGW_WRITE_SANDBOX_TAG=<writable-float-tag>          # e.g. HistGW.LiveTest.Sandbox — write round-trip (EnsureTags + write)
-export HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG=<writable-bool-tag>            # e.g. HistGW.LiveTest.BoolSandbox — 0.2.0 Boolean EnsureTags leg + retype probe (06/U-7)
+export HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG=<writable-bool-tag>            # e.g. HistGW.LiveTest.BoolSandbox — Boolean→Int2 EnsureTags leg + retype probe (issue #441)
 export HISTGW_ALARM_SOURCE=<source-name>                      # alarm SendEvent → ReadEvents round-trip
 dotnet test --filter "Category=LiveIntegration"
 ```
@@ -16,21 +16,6 @@
    <LangVersion>latest</LangVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>

-  <!--
-    NuGet audit suppression: CVE-2025-6965 / GHSA-2m69-gcr7-jv3q affects the transitive native
-    bundle SQLitePCLRaw.lib.e_sqlite3 (advisory range <= 2.1.11), pulled in via
-    Microsoft.Data.Sqlite 9.0.0 -> SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3 by Core.AlarmHistorian's
-    store-and-forward sink. As of 2026-06-20 the maintainer has NOT shipped a patched bundle
-    (SQLite fixed the underlying flaw upstream in 3.50.2 but no SQLitePCLRaw release embeds it
-    yet), so there is no package version to bump to. The flaw requires attacker-controlled
-    pathological aggregate SQL; the sink only issues internal parameterised statements, so the
-    exposure here is negligible. REMOVE this suppression once SQLitePCLRaw ships a patched native
-    bundle and bump Microsoft.Data.Sqlite to a release that references it.
-  -->
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <NuGetAuditSuppress Include="https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2m69-gcr7-jv3q" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
  <!--
    Wire the custom OTOPCUA0001 analyzer (UnwrappedCapabilityCallAnalyzer) into every project so
    the CapabilityInvoker-wrapping rule is enforced tree-wide, not just against the analyzer's own
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Scripting" Version="4.12.0" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Workspaces" Version="5.0.0" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Data.SqlClient" Version="6.1.1" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Data.Sqlite" Version="9.0.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Data.Sqlite" Version="10.0.7" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="10.0.7" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design" Version="10.0.7" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.InMemory" Version="10.0.7" />
@@ -95,6 +95,14 @@
    <PackageVersion Include="Serilog.Sinks.Console" Version="6.0.0" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Serilog.Sinks.File" Version="7.0.0" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Shouldly" Version="4.3.0" />
+    <!--
+      Surgical transitive pin: Microsoft.Data.Sqlite pulls SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3 2.1.11
+      (native lib.e_sqlite3 2.1.11 — the top of the CVE-2025-6965 / GHSA-2m69-gcr7-jv3q vulnerable
+      range, <= 2.1.11). 2.1.12 is the first fixed native bundle (embeds the SQLite 3.50.2+ patch).
+      A direct PackageReference in Core.AlarmHistorian promotes this to the resolved version,
+      clearing the advisory without CentralPackageTransitivePinningEnabled (which breaks the Roslyn split).
+    -->
+    <PackageVersion Include="SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3" Version="2.1.12" />
    <PackageVersion Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.5" />
    <PackageVersion Include="System.Data.SqlClient" Version="4.9.0" />
    <PackageVersion Include="System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt" Version="8.11.0" />
@@ -172,7 +172,13 @@ are the new STAB-14..17 below.
 > `when (token.IsCancellationRequested)` filters on the read/write ensure-wrappers (`:488`/`:1000`) and all
 > three poll-loop OCE catches — so a non-teardown OCE degrades/backs-off instead of killing the loop. Unit
 > guards T1–T4 (`S7DriverReconnectTests`, incl. the poll-loop-survival regression). Live gate
-> `S7_1500ConnectTimeoutOutageTests` (env-gated SYN-blackhole, `deferred-live`).
+> `S7_1500ConnectTimeoutOutageTests` **CLOSED 2026-07-15** — running it (blackhole via `docker pause`)
+> exposed that the fix above covered only the *connect* leg: S7.Net's socket `ReadTimeout`/`WriteTimeout`
+> are ignored by its async read/write paths, so a read on an established-but-frozen peer blocked for
+> minutes and wedged the poll loop. Fixed (PR #453, master `4dc937fc`) by a new `S7OperationDeadline`
+> wall-clock ceiling on every data-plane wire op (`S7PlcAdapter` → `TimeoutException`) + `IsS7ConnectionFatal`
+> now treating `TimeoutException` as fatal → mark-dead → reopen (the READ-leg sibling of STAB-14). Live gate
+> now GREEN; Driver.S7.Tests 246→260.

 **STAB-14 — High — NEW — S7's reconnect wrapper rethrows connect-timeout
 cancellation, and the poll loop's bare OCE catch then permanently kills the
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+# Integration-test sweep — status + follow-ups (2026-07-14)
+
+**Context:** ran the deferred `*.IntegrationTests` sweep (the round-2 STATUS.md "Full integration-suite
+sweep" item that discharges R2-02 T18, R2-03 T11, R2-07 T5/T6, R2-08 T14, R2-11 T24).
+**How:** tests run **on the Mac** (repo + .NET 10 SDK), pointing at **driver fixtures brought up on the
+docker host `10.100.0.35`**, one driver at a time (serial — the suites have a ~16 GB/run memory leak).
+Master at run time: `30672888` (branch `master`, clean).
+
+**Docker host `10.100.0.35` (`DOCKER`) note:** has `dotnet 10.0.300`, 22 cores, but only ~7 GB free RAM
+(the rest is shared SQL/GLAuth/fixtures) and **no repo checkout** — so the tests can't run *on* it (OOM risk
+to shared infra). Run on the Mac against its fixtures. Fixture dirs live at `/opt/otopcua-<driver>/` (owned,
+need sudo to create new ones — I deployed FOCAS to `~/otopcua-focas` on the host instead).
+
+---
+
+## Results
+
+| Suite | Result | Root cause of failures |
+|---|---|---|
+| **OpcUaClient** | ✅ 4/4 | — (opc-plc `:50000`) |
+| **OpcUaClient.Browser** | ✅ 1/1 | — |
+| **S7** | ✅ 3/3 (2 skip) | skips = outage tests needing `S7_TIMEOUT_OUTAGE_*` env |
+| **Modbus** (profile=standard) | ✅ 6/6 | — |
+| **Host** | ⚠️ **105/117** (7F, 5 skip) | 7 heavy E2E time out under amd64-emulated SQL (OPEN); LDAP image swapped OpenLDAP→GLAuth 2026-07-15 (PR #451). The 5 skips are driver-fixture-gated E2E, not LDAP |
+| **TwinCAT** | ⏭️ 13 skip | no TC3 XAR fixture exists (expected clean-skip) |
+| **Modbus** (dl205 / mitsubishi / s7_1500 / exception_injection) | ✅ 16/13/10/17 (was 8F/5F/3F/8F) | **NOT drift** — fixture-cycling artifact, re-verified GREEN 2026-07-15 — see below |
+| **AbCip** | ✅ 10P/3skip (was 6F/1P/3skip) | static-init-order bug FIXED 2026-07-15 (`326b22a7`) — see below |
+| **FOCAS** | ✅ 10/10 (was 9F/1P) | topology + mock-timer-endianness FIXED 2026-07-15 — see below |
+| **AbLegacy** | ✅ slc500 2/2, micrologix 1/1, plc5 1/1 (was 4F) | fixture-deployment gap FIXED 2026-07-15 — see below |
+| **OpcUaServer** | ✅ 4/4 (was 4F) | cert-store gap + SDK read-throws drift FIXED 2026-07-15 — see below |
+
+### Headline conclusion
+**No OtOpcUa production regression.** Every failure is **pre-existing test/fixture infrastructure rot** in
+long-deferred suites — or, in the Modbus case, a **fixture-cycling false alarm** (see below). The drivers are
+fine: 4 suites fully green, **all Modbus profiles green** (standard + dl205/mitsubishi/s7_1500/exception once
+correctly bound — the sweep's non-standard "failures" were the stale-container artifact), Host 105/117 green,
+and all driver **unit** suites + the live `/run` gates pass. These integration suites were DEFERRED in round 2
+and never run, so they'd bit-rotted in several distinct ways.
+
+**Follow-up progress (2026-07-15): ALL 7 CLOSED.** #1 AbCip (PR #446), #5 OpcUaServer (PR #447), #2 Modbus
+(PR #448 — false alarm), #4 AbLegacy (PR #449 — fixture gap), #3 FOCAS (PR #450 — topology + mock-timer), #7
+(fixture deploys), #6 LDAP-image (PR #451 — OpenLDAP→GLAuth), and #6 SQL-deploy-E2E (PR #452 — misdiagnosed
+"emulation timing"; really missing FK-parent seeds + a stale EquipmentId, hidden by the in-memory provider).
+**Every driver + server integration suite is now verified GREEN. Zero OtOpcUa production regressions across the
+entire sweep** — every failure was fixture/harness/test rot.
+
+---
+
+## Per-suite failure detail (evidence)
+
+- **Modbus non-standard profiles** — ✅ **RE-VERIFIED GREEN 2026-07-15 (PR #448). The sweep's 8F/5F/3F/8F was a
+  false alarm — a fixture-cycling artifact, NOT pymodbus drift and NOT an OtOpcUa regression.** Correcting the
+  sweep's original diagnosis:
+  - The image genuinely runs **pymodbus 3.13.0** (`docker run --entrypoint python ... -c 'import pymodbus;
+    print(pymodbus.__version__)'` → `3.13.0`; the Dockerfile already pins `pymodbus[simulator]==3.13.0`). The
+    *"…removed in v4"* log line is 3.13.0's **forward-deprecation warning**, not evidence it runs 4.x — the
+    original sweep note misread it.
+  - Root cause: each Modbus profile is a **separate profile-gated compose service** sharing `:5020`. A plain
+    `docker compose down` (no `--profile`) does **not** stop the running profile container, so it keeps holding
+    `:5020`; the next `--profile … up` container silently fails to bind (compose still says "Started"). Every
+    later profile run then hit the **stale** container. Proven by a raw Modbus probe: the "mitsubishi" sim
+    served DL205's `0xCAFE` at HR0 (DL205's V0 marker) and Illegal-Data-Address for mitsubishi-only addresses,
+    while `docker ps` showed the mitsubishi container up with **no** port mapping and DL205 still holding `:5020`.
+  - After force-removing all modbus containers and bringing up each profile cleanly (verifying it actually
+    published `:5020`), all four pass: **dl205 16/16, mitsubishi 13/13, s7_1500 10/10, exception_injection
+    17/17** (the injector needs `--force-recreate` — it uses a different container name). **No code change** —
+    added a profile-cycling gotcha + reliable-cycle recipe to `Docker/README.md`.
+
+- **AbCip** — **static-init-order bug in the test harness** (always-fail, blocks the whole suite).
+  `tests/.../AbCip.IntegrationTests/AbServerProfile.cs`: `KnownProfiles.All { get; } = [ControlLogix, …]` is
+  declared at **line 30**, *before* the `static readonly` profile fields (line 34+). C# runs static
+  initializers in textual order → `All` captures `[null,null,null,null]` → `ForFamily` NREs at `p.Family`
+  (line 61) and `AbServerFixture..ctor` gets null. **Fix (trivial, safe):** make `All` an expression-bodied
+  property: `public static IReadOnlyList<AbServerProfile> All => [ControlLogix, CompactLogix, Micro800,
+  GuardLogix];` (evaluated on access, after the fields are set). Unblocks the suite; then re-run to see if the
+  actual sim tests pass.
+
+- **FOCAS** — ✅ **FIXED 2026-07-15 (PR #450). Two test/fixture bugs, no OtOpcUa driver change.**
+  1. *Topology:* `FocasSimFixture` already reads an env-overridable endpoint (`OTOPCUA_FOCAS_SIM_ENDPOINT`,
+     default `localhost:8193`) and exposes `Host`/`Port`, but `WireBackendTests` + `WireBackendCoverageTests`
+     **hardcoded** `focas://127.0.0.1:8193`. Against a remote fixture the skip-gate passed (remote reachable) but
+     the driver dialed localhost → KeyNotFound. Fix: added a `DeviceUri` property to the fixture and derived each
+     test's `DeviceHost` from it — recovered **8 of 9**.
+  2. *Mock timer endianness (newly surfaced):* the last failure (`Timers_populate`) read `60397977600` for a
+     `3600 s` power-on timer (= `0x3C000000 × 60`). Root cause: the focas-mock's `_wire_timer` encoded the
+     `minute`/`msec` fields **big-endian** (`_u32`), but `cnc_rdtimer`'s timer fields are **little-endian** on
+     real hardware — a documented, live-31i-B-validated quirk (`FocasWireClient.ParseTimer` decodes them LE, per
+     `docs/plans/2026-06-25-focas-pdu-v3-30i-b-support.md`). **The driver was correct; the mock was wrong.** Fix:
+     `_wire_timer` now emits little-endian (`_u32_le`) → suite **10/10**. Fixture deployed at `~/otopcua-focas`.
+
+- **AbLegacy** — ✅ **FIXED 2026-07-15 (PR #449). Fixture-deployment gap, not a code defect.** The AbLegacy suite
+  needs `ab_server` in **PCCC mode** (`--plc=SLC500|Micrologix|PLC/5`), which reuses the **AbCip image**
+  (`otopcua-ab-server:libplctag-release`, already on the host) and binds `:44818`. Two issues: (a) no PCCC
+  container was deployed (`~/otopcua-ablegacy` didn't exist); (b) the sweep's *4F-not-skip* means `:44818` was
+  reachable but answering **CIP** (a leftover AbCip container) — the PCCC reads returned Bad. Same shared-port
+  contamination class as the Modbus false alarm. Deployed the compose to `~/otopcua-ablegacy` on the host (image
+  already present, no build needed) and ran each family with `AB_LEGACY_COMPOSE_PROFILE` set to match the running
+  container (**required** — without it the `[Theory]` parametrises over all 3 families and 2 fail against a
+  single-family container): **slc500 2/2, micrologix 1/1 (+1 skip), plc5 1/1 (+1 skip)** — the skips are
+  family-inapplicable file types (e.g. no `F8` float file seeded on micrologix/plc5). **No code change.**
+
+- **OpcUaServer** — ✅ **FIXED 2026-07-15** (PR #447). Was 4F on `Opc.Ua.ServiceResultException :
+  TrustedIssuerCertificates StorePath must be specified` — the in-test *client* `SecurityConfiguration`
+  omitted the trusted-issuer/peer/rejected store paths that `ValidateAsync` requires. Fix: `TestClientSecurity`
+  helper rooting Directory stores at a throwaway PKI dir (mirrors `DefaultApplicationConfigurationFactory`).
+  Fixing it unmasked a second drift — the 1.5.378 node-cache read path throws
+  `ServiceResultException(BadNodeIdUnknown)` for a removed node rather than returning a bad `DataValue`;
+  the two subscription-survival assertions now use `Should.ThrowAsync`. Suite **4F → 4/4 green**.
+
+- **Host** — largely healthy (105/117). Two independent issues:
+  - **LDAP image — ✅ FIXED 2026-07-15 (PR #451).** The opt-in real-LDAP mode (`OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_LDAP=1`)
+    used `bitnami/openldap:2.6`, gone since Bitnami deprecated their free catalog in 2025. **Replaced it with
+    GLAuth** — the same LDAP server the rest of the project uses (docker-dev + the live OPC UA data-plane auth,
+    both against the shared GLAuth on `:3893`), removing the lone OpenLDAP outlier. Added a harness
+    `glauth/config.toml` (base DN `dc=zb,dc=local`, search-capable `serviceaccount`, dev users alice=full /
+    bob=read-only, role groups with the same gidnumbers as `scadaproj/infra/glauth`) + repointed the harness's
+    service-account override to `cn=serviceaccount`. Live-verified all three bind legs against a deployed
+    container on `:3894` (serviceaccount search returns alice + 5 memberOf groups; alice/bob bind OK; wrong
+    password → `Invalid credentials (49)`). NB: the real-LDAP mode is **opt-in** — the default Host run uses
+    `StubLdapAuthService`, so this never blocked the default suite (the sweep's "5 LDAP skips" were actually the
+    driver-fixture-gated E2E tests, not LDAP).
+  - **SQL-backed deploy E2E — ✅ FIXED 2026-07-15 (PR #452). The sweep's "amd64-emulated-SQL timing" diagnosis
+    was WRONG.** Running the 7 heavy E2E against real (native-amd64) SQL on the Docker host proved they don't
+    time out for speed — they had **never actually run against real SQL**, only the EF in-memory provider (which
+    ignores FK constraints). Two distinct root causes, both hidden by in-memory:
+    - *Missing FK-parent seed (5 tests):* the deploy writes a `NodeDeploymentState` row per node, which FKs to
+      `ClusterNode` (`FK_NodeDeploymentState_ClusterNode_NodeId`). The tests never seeded `ServerCluster` +
+      `ClusterNode` rows, so on SQL each node-state INSERT throws → the deploy never seals (waits the full
+      deadline regardless of how high — proven at 4× it still hung). Added `TwoNodeClusterHarness.SeedDefaultClusterAsync`
+      (seeds a `ServerCluster` + a `ClusterNode` per node; `Warm`/NodeCount=2 to satisfy both the SQL CHECK
+      constraint `CK_ServerCluster_RedundancyMode_NodeCount` and the `ClusterEnabledNodeCountMismatch` validator)
+      and called it in `DeployHappyPathTests`×2 / `FailoverDuringDeployTests` / `FleetDiagnosticsRoundTripTests` /
+      `EquipmentNamespaceMaterializationTests`; fixed `DriverReconnectE2eTests` to seed node B + declare NodeCount=2.
+    - *Stale `EquipmentId` (1 test, pre-existing on BOTH providers):* `EquipmentNamespaceMaterializationTests`
+      seeded `EquipmentId="eq-1"`, but the `EquipmentIdNotDerived` validator (added later) requires
+      `EquipmentId == DeriveEquipmentId(EquipmentUuid)` = `EQ-` + first 12 hex of the UUID. Fixed the seed to a
+      canonical id + matching UUID. (Was failing on in-memory too; only surfaced once the FK fix let the deploy
+      reach equipment validation.)
+    - Added `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST` / `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_LDAP_HOST` env overrides so the fixtures can live on the
+      native-amd64 Docker host (`docker compose up -d sql` there; run with `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST=10.100.0.35,14331`).
+    - Result: the 5 SQL-backed classes go **11/11 green vs native SQL**, and the in-memory default is unregressed
+      (12/12). `RoslynVirtualTagEvaluatorTests.Evaluate_racing_ClearCompiledScripts…` is a **pre-existing flaky
+      race test** (not SQL-backed; passes in isolation, flaked once under heavy parallel load) — left as-is.
+
+- **TwinCAT** — 13 skip cleanly (no TC3 XAR fixture exists; unit-only per the driver's design). Expected.
+
+---
+
+## Follow-up backlog (distinct, not one fix)
+
+1. ~~**AbCip static-init bug** — trivial always-fail test bug. Expression-body `KnownProfiles.All`.~~
+   ✅ **DONE 2026-07-15** (commit `326b22a7`, PR #446). Live-verified against the controllogix fixture:
+   suite went **6F/1P/3skip → 10 pass / 0 fail / 3 skip** (skips = emulator-mode tests needing a different
+   fixture mode).
+2. ~~**Modbus non-standard profiles** — pin pymodbus in the fixture Dockerfile.~~
+   ✅ **RESOLVED 2026-07-15 (PR #448) — false alarm, no code change.** Image already runs the pinned
+   pymodbus 3.13.0; the 8F/5F/3F/8F was a fixture-cycling artifact (stale profile container holding `:5020`).
+   Re-verified all four profiles GREEN (16/13/10/17). Added a profile-cycling gotcha + reliable-cycle recipe
+   to `Docker/README.md`.
+3. ~~**FOCAS** — reconcile the 127.0.0.1-mock topology with the remote-fixture model.~~
+   ✅ **DONE 2026-07-15 (PR #450).** Tests now derive `DeviceHost` from the fixture endpoint (recovered 8/9);
+   also fixed a newly-surfaced mock bug — `_wire_timer` encoded the timer big-endian but real hardware +
+   driver use little-endian. Suite **10/10**. No OtOpcUa driver change.
+4. ~~**AbLegacy** — deploy an AbLegacy sim fixture (none on host).~~
+   ✅ **DONE 2026-07-15 (PR #449) — fixture-deployment gap, no code defect.** Deployed the PCCC compose to
+   `~/otopcua-ablegacy` (reuses the AbCip image, already on host). All 3 families GREEN (slc500 2/2, micrologix
+   1/1, plc5 1/1). Recipe added below; `AB_LEGACY_COMPOSE_PROFILE` MUST match the running container.
+5. ~~**OpcUaServer** — supply cert-store StorePath in the harness config.~~
+   ✅ **DONE 2026-07-15** (PR #447). Added `TestClientSecurity` helper building a validated client
+   `SecurityConfiguration` with Directory own/issuer/trusted/rejected stores under a throwaway PKI dir
+   (mirrors `DefaultApplicationConfigurationFactory`); wired into both `DualEndpointTests` +
+   `SubscriptionSurvivalTests`. That unmasked a **second** drift: the 1.5.378 node-cache read path
+   *throws* `ServiceResultException(BadNodeIdUnknown)` for a removed node instead of returning a bad
+   `DataValue` — updated the two subscription-survival assertions to `Should.ThrowAsync`. Suite **4F → 4/4**.
+6. **Host** — ⬐ split into two:
+   - ~~replace `bitnami/openldap:2.6` (image gone)~~ ✅ **DONE 2026-07-15 (PR #451)** — swapped the harness LDAP
+     to **GLAuth** (unifies on the LDAP the rest of the project uses); live-verified the binds on `:3894`.
+   - ~~**amd64-emulated-SQL timing**~~ ✅ **DONE 2026-07-15 (PR #452) — misdiagnosed.** Not a timing/emulation
+     issue: the deploy E2E tests had never run against real SQL (in-memory ignores FKs) and lacked the
+     `ServerCluster`/`ClusterNode` seed the `NodeDeploymentState` FK requires → deploy never seals. Added a
+     harness seeding helper + `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST` override; also fixed a stale `EquipmentId` in one test.
+     11/11 green vs native SQL, in-memory unregressed. (Roslyn racing test = pre-existing flaky, left as-is.)
+7. ~~**Fixture deployment gap** — FOCAS + AbLegacy fixtures aren't on the host.~~
+   ✅ **RESOLVED 2026-07-15.** Both now deployed under the home dir: `~/otopcua-ablegacy` (PR #449) +
+   `~/otopcua-focas` (PR #450). (`/opt` still needs sudo; the home-dir deploys work fine.)
+
+---
+
+## Fixture setup recipes (to re-run the sweep)
+
+Bring up on the docker host (distinct ports, can coexist except Modbus profiles share `:5020`):
+
+```bash
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-modbus     && docker compose --profile standard up -d'   # :5020
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-abcip      && docker compose --profile controllogix up -d' # :44818
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-s7         && docker compose --profile s7_1500 up -d'     # :1102
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-opcuaclient && docker compose up -d'                       # :50000
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd ~/otopcua-ablegacy      && docker compose --profile slc500 up -d'      # :44818 (PCCC; reuses AbCip image)
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd ~/otopcua-focas       && docker compose up -d --build'                 # :8193
+```
+
+Run per suite (env → project):
+
+| Suite | Env | Project |
+|---|---|---|
+| OpcUaClient(+Browser) | `OPCUA_SIM_ENDPOINT=opc.tcp://10.100.0.35:50000` | `tests/Drivers/…OpcUaClient(.Browser).IntegrationTests` |
+| S7 | `S7_SIM_ENDPOINT=10.100.0.35:1102` | `tests/Drivers/…S7.IntegrationTests` |
+| Modbus | `MODBUS_SIM_ENDPOINT=10.100.0.35:5020` `MODBUS_SIM_PROFILE=<standard\|dl205\|mitsubishi\|s7_1500\|exception_injection>` (swap the host sim to match) | `tests/Drivers/…Modbus.IntegrationTests` |
+| AbCip | `AB_SERVER_ENDPOINT=10.100.0.35:44818` `AB_SERVER_PROFILE=controllogix` | `tests/Drivers/…AbCip.IntegrationTests` |
+| AbLegacy | `AB_LEGACY_ENDPOINT=10.100.0.35:44818` `AB_LEGACY_COMPOSE_PROFILE=<slc500\|micrologix\|plc5>` (**must** match the running PCCC container — else the `[Theory]` runs all 3 families and 2 fail) | `tests/Drivers/…AbLegacy.IntegrationTests` |
+| FOCAS | `OTOPCUA_FOCAS_SIM_ENDPOINT=10.100.0.35:8193` (tests now honour this — no longer hardcoded to 127.0.0.1) | `tests/Drivers/…FOCAS.IntegrationTests` |
+| Host | `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_SQL=1` (+ SQL `:14331` via the harness `docker-compose.yml up sql`) — set `OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_LDAP=1` to exercise real binds against the **GLAuth** service (`up ldap`, host `:3894`; users alice/bob, svc `cn=serviceaccount`/`serviceaccount123`) | `tests/Server/…Host.IntegrationTests` |
+
+**Modbus profile cycling:** the sim services share `:5020`, so to run a profile:
+`ssh … 'cd /opt/otopcua-modbus && docker compose down && docker compose --profile <p> up -d'`, then run with
+`MODBUS_SIM_PROFILE=<p>` (each class skips unless its profile is active). Wait for `:5020` before running —
+TCP opens before the register map fully loads.
+
+---
+
+## Current state (post-sweep)
+
+- **All fixtures torn down** — modbus/abcip/s7/opcuaclient/focas on the host removed (ports 5020/44818/1102/
+  50000/8193 all closed); the local Host SQL fixture `down -v`'d. Shared host is clean.
+- **Repo:** `master @ 30672888`, clean. No sweep changes committed (this file is the only artifact).
+- **Nothing merged for the sweep** — it's a read-only test run; the follow-ups above are unstarted.
@@ -2,20 +2,122 @@
  "planPath": "archreview/plans/R2-04-failure-visibility-plan.md",
  "lastUpdated": "2026-07-12",
  "tasks": [
-    { "id": "T1", "subject": "Extend AddressSpaceApplyOutcome with RebuildFailed/FailedNodes + SafeRebuild returns bool (01/S-1)", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": [] },
-    { "id": "T2", "subject": "Safe* helpers return bool; Apply tallies removal-pass failures into FailedNodes", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T1"] },
-    { "id": "T3", "subject": "Materialise* passes return swallowed-failure counts (void -> int, five methods)", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T2"] },
-    { "id": "T4", "subject": "OpcUaApplyFailed counter + OpcUaPublishActor Error/meter surfacing of degraded applies", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T3"] },
-    { "id": "T5", "subject": "Galaxy internal IMxWriteOps seam under GatewayGalaxyDataWriter (sealed SDK session untestable) (06/S-1)", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": [] },
-    { "id": "T6", "subject": "Galaxy fail-closed write on AdviseSupervisory failure -> BadCommunicationError, no raw write", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T5"] },
-    { "id": "T7", "subject": "Galaxy counters galaxy.writes.advise_failed + galaxy.writes.unconfirmed (empty-statuses Good metered)", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T6"] },
-    { "id": "T8", "subject": "Galaxy skip-gated live smoke: normal advised write still returns Good post-change", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T6"] },
-    { "id": "T9", "subject": "PrimaryGatePolicy pure class + truth-table tests + otopcua.redundancy.primary_gate_denied counter (03/S4)", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": [] },
-    { "id": "T10", "subject": "Wire DriverHostActor gates (:977/:1039/:1095) through PrimaryGatePolicy with member-count provider + S5 log-once", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T9"] },
-    { "id": "T11", "subject": "DriverHostActorPrimaryGateTests: deny-on-unknown multi-node, allow single-node, ack/emit variants, meter tags", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T10"] },
-    { "id": "T12", "subject": "ScriptedAlarmHostActor alerts-emit gate adopts PrimaryGatePolicy (consistency extension)", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": ["T9"] },
-    { "id": "T13", "subject": "In-process 2-node delivery-path test (TwoNodeClusterHarness): DPS-delivered snapshot drives the gate", "status": "deferred-live", "note": "rig/live; Host.IntegrationTests (~16GB/run leak + needs SQL/2-node rig) — implemented + build-verified, controller runs it in the serialized heavy pass", "blockedBy": ["T11"] },
-    { "id": "T14", "subject": "docs/Redundancy.md: gate policy table, boot-window client experience, new meters, Galaxy fail-closed semantics", "status": "completed", "blockedBy": [] },
-    { "id": "T15", "subject": "LIVE GATE: 2-node docker-dev rig verify (ServiceLevel 240/100, boot-window write rejected+reverted, single /alerts row)", "status": "deferred-live", "note": "rig/live; 2-node docker-dev rig session (rebuild both centrals) — merge-blocking gate the controller runs in the serialized heavy pass", "blockedBy": ["T10", "T11", "T12", "T13"] }
+    {
+      "id": "T1",
+      "subject": "Extend AddressSpaceApplyOutcome with RebuildFailed/FailedNodes + SafeRebuild returns bool (01/S-1)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": []
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T2",
+      "subject": "Safe* helpers return bool; Apply tallies removal-pass failures into FailedNodes",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T3",
+      "subject": "Materialise* passes return swallowed-failure counts (void -> int, five methods)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T4",
+      "subject": "OpcUaApplyFailed counter + OpcUaPublishActor Error/meter surfacing of degraded applies",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T3"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T5",
+      "subject": "Galaxy internal IMxWriteOps seam under GatewayGalaxyDataWriter (sealed SDK session untestable) (06/S-1)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": []
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T6",
+      "subject": "Galaxy fail-closed write on AdviseSupervisory failure -> BadCommunicationError, no raw write",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T5"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T7",
+      "subject": "Galaxy counters galaxy.writes.advise_failed + galaxy.writes.unconfirmed (empty-statuses Good metered)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T6"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T8",
+      "subject": "Galaxy skip-gated live smoke: normal advised write still returns Good post-change",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T6"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T9",
+      "subject": "PrimaryGatePolicy pure class + truth-table tests + otopcua.redundancy.primary_gate_denied counter (03/S4)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": []
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T10",
+      "subject": "Wire DriverHostActor gates (:977/:1039/:1095) through PrimaryGatePolicy with member-count provider + S5 log-once",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T9"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T11",
+      "subject": "DriverHostActorPrimaryGateTests: deny-on-unknown multi-node, allow single-node, ack/emit variants, meter tags",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T10"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T12",
+      "subject": "ScriptedAlarmHostActor alerts-emit gate adopts PrimaryGatePolicy (consistency extension)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T9"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T13",
+      "subject": "In-process 2-node delivery-path test (TwoNodeClusterHarness): DPS-delivered snapshot drives the gate",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "note": "DONE 2026-07-14: PrimaryGateFailoverTests PASS 1/1 (3s), ran without SQL (gate test needs only the in-process 2-node cluster + DPS snapshot). Delivered snapshot promotes exactly one Primary; negative-control (broken subscribe) times out. See STATUS.md.",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T11"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T14",
+      "subject": "docs/Redundancy.md: gate policy table, boot-window client experience, new meters, Galaxy fail-closed semantics",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "blockedBy": []
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "T15",
+      "subject": "LIVE GATE: 2-node docker-dev rig verify (ServiceLevel 240/100, boot-window write rejected+reverted, single /alerts row)",
+      "status": "completed",
+      "note": "DONE 2026-07-14: docker-dev 2-node rig rebuilt from master 365a90e6 + Modbus sim up. ServiceLevel 250/240; boot-window write rejected \"not primary (role unknown)\" (meter reason=role-unknown,site=write); steady-state secondary rejected \"not primary\" + node reverted (read-back 1234 not 9999, meter reason=secondary); primary write reaches device; clean apply (no apply.failed). Full record in STATUS.md.",
+      "blockedBy": [
+        "T10",
+        "T11",
+        "T12",
+        "T13"
+      ]
+    }
  ]
-}
+}
@@ -171,12 +171,12 @@ what the unit leg cannot; (c) migrate the 3 xunit v2 holdouts once Akka ships an
 |---|---|---|---|---|
 | **R2-06** | 06/S-11 (rank 7), 06/U-7 (rank 8), 06/C-7 | `r2/06-serverhistorian-failfast` (off `1676c8f4`) | `3a049a13`…`4640ecb1` (10 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** S-11: fail-fast `ServerHistorianOptionsValidator` (consumer-gated on `ServerHistorian:Enabled` OR `AlarmHistorian:Enabled`, fails empty/non-http(s) Endpoint at startup) + `AddValidatedOptions` wiring + adapter defense-in-depth (`TryCreate`→named `InvalidOperationException`, no more raw `UriFormatException` crash-loop) + `Validate()` warning parity + alarm-only-mode startup warning. U-7: pinned Boolean→Int1 explicit-presence (`HasDataType`) + `HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG` live Boolean EnsureTags leg + retype probe (skip-clean offline) + upsert/retype migration note (`docs/Historian.md`). C-7: keep-populating decision + dead-`Quality` doc comments (0.2.0 C-002). **Live leg operator-gated (T12) — pending a VPN run on a 0.2.0 gateway** (records the observed in-place retype policy back into `docs/Historian.md`; also discharges 06/U-2's full documented run). |
 | **R2-05** | 04/C-1 (High) | `r2/05-adminui-authz` (off `1676c8f4`) | `183b72b7`…`6c1f05cb` (5 commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** All 38 routable AdminUI pages carry an explicit named-policy `@attribute` via new `AdminUiPolicies` constants (`Security/Auth/`). New `ConfigEditor` (Administrator+Designer) gates the 20-page config-authoring surface incl. the 8 driver pages that author live `ResilienceConfig` + `/api/script-analysis/*`; new `AuthenticatedRead` on the 16 read pages; `FleetAdmin`/`DriverOperator` unchanged (literals→constants). Anti-drift guard `PageAuthorizationGuardTests` (bans bare `[Authorize]`/`Roles=`/unknown-policy/unclassified) + `AdminUiPoliciesTests` semantics matrix. Corrections folded in: Reservations + ClusterRedundancy read-only (→`AuthenticatedRead`); Home had no attribute (now `AuthenticatedRead`). AdminUI.Tests 517/517, Security.Tests 80/80. **Live `/run` positive pass deferred (T15)** — docker-dev `DisableLogin=true` auto-admin can't observe deny; negative proof is CI-side (both guard tests). |
-| **R2-01** | 05/STAB-14 (High regression, rank 1), 05/STAB-15 (rank 3), 05/STAB-8 seam | `r2/01-s7-fault-hardening` (off `1676c8f4`) | `fcdcf0e2`…`bdb7ed41` (13 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** All prod changes in `S7Driver.cs`. STAB-14: connect-timeout surfaces as `TimeoutException` (not an escaping OCE) at the `EnsureConnectedAsync`/`InitializeAsync` source + `when(token.IsCancellationRequested)` filters on the read/write ensure-wrappers and all three poll-loop OCE catches — subscription poll loops survive an unreachable-host outage and recover (T2 regression RED→GREEN). STAB-15: `IsS7ConnectionFatal` broadened to the ISO-on-TCP framing surface (TPKT/TPDU/WrongNumberOfBytes/`PlcException{WrongNumberReceivedBytes}`, NOT `InvalidDataException`); mid-PDU cancel marks handle dead; probe classifies+marks-dead under the gate. STAB-8 (S7 part): `EnsureConnectedAsync` documented as the R2-09 connect-throttle seam (note-only). Driver.S7.Tests 246/246. **Live outage gate deferred (T11)** — `S7_1500ConnectTimeoutOutageTests` (env `S7_TIMEOUT_OUTAGE_START_CMD`/`STOP_CMD`, SYN-blackhole) skips clean offline; the connect-*timeout* class the `docker restart` bounce can't produce. (Pre-existing unrelated CLI docs-scan test fails at base — out of scope.) |
+| **R2-01** | 05/STAB-14 (High regression, rank 1), 05/STAB-15 (rank 3), 05/STAB-8 seam | `r2/01-s7-fault-hardening` (off `1676c8f4`) | `fcdcf0e2`…`bdb7ed41` (13 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** All prod changes in `S7Driver.cs`. STAB-14: connect-timeout surfaces as `TimeoutException` (not an escaping OCE) at the `EnsureConnectedAsync`/`InitializeAsync` source + `when(token.IsCancellationRequested)` filters on the read/write ensure-wrappers and all three poll-loop OCE catches — subscription poll loops survive an unreachable-host outage and recover (T2 regression RED→GREEN). STAB-15: `IsS7ConnectionFatal` broadened to the ISO-on-TCP framing surface (TPKT/TPDU/WrongNumberOfBytes/`PlcException{WrongNumberReceivedBytes}`, NOT `InvalidDataException`); mid-PDU cancel marks handle dead; probe classifies+marks-dead under the gate. STAB-8 (S7 part): `EnsureConnectedAsync` documented as the R2-09 connect-throttle seam (note-only). Driver.S7.Tests 246/246. **Live outage gate CLOSED 2026-07-15 (T11) — and it uncovered + fixed a real prod gap (PR #453, master `4dc937fc`).** Running `S7_1500ConnectTimeoutOutageTests` against the live s7_1500 sim (blackholed via `docker pause`, the ACK-less-established shape) exposed that STAB-14 fixed only the *connect* leg: S7.Net's `ReadTimeout`/`WriteTimeout` map to the TcpClient's *synchronous* receive/send timeout, which async reads ignore, so a read on an established-but-frozen peer blocked for minutes — the poll loop wedged (no Bad tick, no reconnect), which offline fakes (open-hang only) couldn't surface. Fix = new `S7OperationDeadline` wall-clock ceiling on every data-plane wire op in `S7PlcAdapter` (→ `TimeoutException`) + `IsS7ConnectionFatal` now classifies `TimeoutException` fatal → mark-dead → reopen (the read-leg sibling of the connect-timeout fix). Driver.S7.Tests 246→260 (6 new: 5 deadline + 1 driver-reaction); **live gate now GREEN** (8s: baseline Good → pause blackhole → Bad tick → unpause → recovered Good). (Pre-existing unrelated CLI docs-scan test fails at base — out of scope.) |
 | **R2-03** | 02/S13 (rank 5), 02/S12, 02/P7 | `r2/03-vt-failure-quality` (off `1676c8f4`) | `b9775485`…`6bb91e8d` (12 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** S13: VT script failure/timeout degrades the node to `OpcUaQuality.Bad` (carrying last-known value) instead of freezing on last-Good forever — additive `EvaluationResult.Quality`, bridge historizes `0x80020000u` BadInternalError, published once per Good→Bad transition gated on all deps arrived (inputs-ready, no cold-start flash), recovery force-publishes next Good. S12: apply-boundary `ClearCompiledScripts` racing an in-flight eval into ObjectDisposedException retried once in `RoslynVirtualTagEvaluator` (re-fetch→recompile into current generation); stress guard reproduces pre-fix, deterministically green post-fix. P7: apply-boundary clear gated on a changed deployed expression set (`HashSet.SetEquals`, ordinal) — identical redeploy / rename-with-same-expressions no longer forces full VT recompile. Runtime.Tests 372/372, RoslynVirtualTagEvaluatorTests 20/20. **Deferred (T11/T12):** full cross-suite sweep + docker-dev live-`/run` (fail→Bad→recover + P7 no-recompile spot-check). |
 | **R2-02** | 01/S-6 (High, rank 2), 01/U-6, 01/S-8=03/S12 (rank 4), 04/C-7, 01/S-7=03/S13 | `r2/02-resilience-config-hardening` (off `1676c8f4`) | `4be13429`…`dd82e740` (17 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** **S-6:** parser clamps timeout/retry/breaker overrides (timeout≤0→tier default, breaker==1→2, caps) with diagnostics + belt-and-braces `Build` clamp so pipeline construction can never throw Polly `ValidationException` (new `ResiliencePolicyRanges` in Core.Abstractions); brick-repro + `Build_NeverThrows_ForHostileDirectOptions` + factory-seam wiring proof; AdminUI `Validate()` range warnings. **S-8:** parser forces Write/AlarmAck retry→0 (spec invariant) **and** dispatch flips to `isIdempotent:false` (RED-first on the Runtime wiring test); non-idempotent arm caches the no-retry snapshot once/invoker (01/P-4) + tracker in-flight accounting; `WriteIdempotentAttribute` false claim corrected; retry cells disabled. **U-6:** bulkhead knob deleted end-to-end (migration-free; stored keys ignored) + `Options_properties_are_exactly_the_pipeline_wired_set` inertness guard. **C-7:** `ResilienceFormModel` JsonObject-bag round-trip preserves unknown keys; malformed JSON → `ParseFailed` lock + verbatim `ToJson` + discard button. **S-7:** per-`Create` `Interlocked` options-generation in the pipeline-cache key kills the respawn stale-pipeline race. Core resilience 121/121, AdminUI form 10/10, Analyzers 32/32, Runtime 364/364; 0 production OTOPCUA0001. **Deferred (T15/T18):** docker-dev `:9200` `/run` (warning banner, input lockout, unknown-key survival) + whole-solution sweep. |
 | **R2-10** | 03/U10=04/U-5 (Medium/Low, action #10) | `r2/10-resilience-observability` (off `46fedda3`) | `205d3980`…`<docs>` (11 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** The resilience status tracker now has a production reader, mirroring the driver-health flow. Core truthfulness: `RecordBreakerClose` + derived `IsBreakerOpen` (breaker-open state derivable), `OnClosed` records the close, and `RecordSuccess` wired onto the invoker success paths (`ConsecutiveFailures` is a true consecutive counter, not stuck-forever). Transport: `DriverResilienceStatusChanged` Commons contract → periodic 5 s full-snapshot publisher `DriverResilienceStatusPublisherService` (driver nodes, registered in `AddOtOpcUaDriverFactories` with wiring guard `ResilienceStatusReaderRegistrationTests` — closes the built-but-never-wired class) → `driver-resilience-status` DPS topic → per-admin-node `DriverResilienceStatusBridge` → `IDriverResilienceStatusStore` → resilience chips (breaker-OPEN / consecutive-failures / in-flight / staleness) on `DriverStatusPanel.razor`, read in-process (self-HubConnection ban honored). Core.Tests resilience 31/31 (incl. deterministic breaker-close via a controllable TimeProvider), Host.IntegrationTests publisher+guard 6/6, AdminUI.Tests store 5/5; full-solution build clean. **Deferred (T10):** docker-dev live-`/run` — S7 dead-endpoint breaker-open observed on BOTH centrals + recovery-clear + staleness-dim (also the first live sighting of the #10 `circuit-breaker OPENED` log line, closing FOLLOWUP-10's behavioral gate). |

-| **R2-08** | 03/S2 (High, action #8), 03/S3 (High) | `r2/08-ldap-historyread-async` (off `1a698cbb`) | `ce6d9e21`…`<docs>` (14 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** **S2 (LDAP async/timeout):** the SDK raises the impersonation callback synchronously under a `SessionManager`-wide `m_eventLock` (verified vs. 1.5.378 — a hung bind serializes ALL activations), so the fix is entirely at the `LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator` boundary: five new `Security:Ldap` keys (`ConnectionTimeoutMs`=10000 projected into the shared lib, `AuthTimeoutMs`=15000 hard whole-flow `WaitAsync` bound → fail-closed "timed out", `MaxConcurrentAuthentications`=8 `SemaphoreSlim` with release-on-core-completion so orphaned binds still count, `OutageFailureThreshold`=3/`OutageCooldownSeconds`=15 directory-outage circuit → fast-deny "unavailable", half-open probe) + `LdapAuthResult.IsSystemFailure` seam (mapped from `ServiceAccountBindFailed`) distinguishing outage from credential-deny + `LdapOptionsValidator` rules + `HandleImpersonation` contract doc + `docs/security.md`. Stall-repro RED→GREEN; offline outage-sim through the real `HandleImpersonation` against an unroutable host. **S3 (HistoryRead fan-out):** all four HistoryRead arms async-ified (`ServeNodeAsync`/`ServeRawPagedAsync`/`ServeEventsAsync`, OCE→`BadTimeout`) then bounded per-node fan-out (`RunBounded` semaphore + single arm-boundary bridge) + per-request deadline CTS (`HistoryReadDeadline`=60s) + process-wide lazy batch limiter (`MaxConcurrentHistoryReadBatches`=16 → flood degrades to `BadTooManyOperations`); 16×4=64 in-flight cap; three new `ServerHistorian` keys + node-manager props + hosted-service wiring + `docs/Historian.md`/CLAUDE.md tables. Sequential-serving RED→GREEN. Host.IntegrationTests (LDAP resilience) 13/13, Security.Tests 11/11, Runtime.Tests options 11/11, OpcUaServer.Tests HistoryRead 30/30. **Deferred (live):** S2 docker-dev unreachable-LDAP + GLAuth outage/recovery cycle; S3 `Category=LiveIntegration` gateway soak. |
+| **R2-08** | 03/S2 (High, action #8), 03/S3 (High) | `r2/08-ldap-historyread-async` (off `1a698cbb`) | `ce6d9e21`…`<docs>` (14 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** **S2 (LDAP async/timeout):** the SDK raises the impersonation callback synchronously under a `SessionManager`-wide `m_eventLock` (verified vs. 1.5.378 — a hung bind serializes ALL activations), so the fix is entirely at the `LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator` boundary: five new `Security:Ldap` keys (`ConnectionTimeoutMs`=10000 projected into the shared lib, `AuthTimeoutMs`=15000 hard whole-flow `WaitAsync` bound → fail-closed "timed out", `MaxConcurrentAuthentications`=8 `SemaphoreSlim` with release-on-core-completion so orphaned binds still count, `OutageFailureThreshold`=3/`OutageCooldownSeconds`=15 directory-outage circuit → fast-deny "unavailable", half-open probe) + `LdapAuthResult.IsSystemFailure` seam (mapped from `ServiceAccountBindFailed`) distinguishing outage from credential-deny + `LdapOptionsValidator` rules + `HandleImpersonation` contract doc + `docs/security.md`. Stall-repro RED→GREEN; offline outage-sim through the real `HandleImpersonation` against an unroutable host. **S3 (HistoryRead fan-out):** all four HistoryRead arms async-ified (`ServeNodeAsync`/`ServeRawPagedAsync`/`ServeEventsAsync`, OCE→`BadTimeout`) then bounded per-node fan-out (`RunBounded` semaphore + single arm-boundary bridge) + per-request deadline CTS (`HistoryReadDeadline`=60s) + process-wide lazy batch limiter (`MaxConcurrentHistoryReadBatches`=16 → flood degrades to `BadTooManyOperations`); 16×4=64 in-flight cap; three new `ServerHistorian` keys + node-manager props + hosted-service wiring + `docs/Historian.md`/CLAUDE.md tables. Sequential-serving RED→GREEN. Host.IntegrationTests (LDAP resilience) 13/13, Security.Tests 11/11, Runtime.Tests options 11/11, OpcUaServer.Tests HistoryRead 30/30. **S2 GLAuth outage/recovery LIVE gate CLOSED 2026-07-15 (PR #455, master `5f12636c`)** — new env-gated `LdapGlauthOutageLiveTests` drives the circuit through the production path (`OtOpcUaLdapAuthService`+`LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator`) against a REAL GLAuth on `10.100.0.35:3894` (paused/unpaused via `docker pause`); GREEN (12s): healthy alice/bob binds w/ mapped roles → pause → 3 bounded failures → circuit opens → sub-second "unavailable" → unpause → half-open close → recover. Also the FIRST end-to-end proof the PR #451 GLAuth swap binds correctly. Skips clean offline (1 skipped, 8ms). **S3 `Category=LiveIntegration` gateway soak — GREEN 2026-07-15 (6/6)** against the running local 0.2.0 gateway (`http://localhost:5221` h2c) + the real AVEVA historian over VPN; the Galaxy read round-trip exercises the `GatewayHistorianDataSource` read path S3 hardened. **R2-08 fully live-verified.** |
 | **R2-11** | 01/C-1, 01/P-1 + 05/CONV-2, UNDER-1, UNDER-6 | `r2/11-tagconfig-consolidation` (off `46fedda3`) | first `2e14fe1f` … (24 task commits) | **Code-complete, offline-verified.** **Part 1 (C-1/P-1):** single `TagConfigIntent.Parse` + `DeviceConfigIntent` in Commons replace the four byte-parity TagConfig parse copies (composer/artifact/walker/DraftValidator) — composer now parses once per tag (P-1); a permanent `Runtime.Tests/TagConfigCorpusParityTests` (30-blob corpus) guards compose≡decode; `grep "MUST parse identically" src/` = 0. **Part 2 (CONV-2):** shared strict-capable `TagConfigJson` readers in Core.Abstractions replace the six copy-pasted `ReadEnum`s; all six driver parsers gain `Inspect()` warnings + honour the `writable` key (FOCAS **forced read-only**, 05/UNDER-1); FOCAS equipment tags run the capability-matrix pre-flight (05/UNDER-6); Modbus probe parses the factory DTO shape (`timeoutMs` no longer dropped). New `EquipmentTagConfigInspector` in ControlPlane + `AdminOperationsActor` deploy-gate wiring with `Deployment:TagConfigValidationMode` (**Warn default | Error opt-in**), proven through the actor (F10b consuming test). AdminUI: `writable` checkbox in the six typed editors. **Phase-C follow-up (deferred, recorded here):** flip the runtime parsers to strict (typo'd enum ⇒ `BadNodeIdUnknown` instead of wrong-width `Good`) once fleets have run `Error` mode clean — behavior change deliberately not shipped in this plan. **Deferred (T22/T24):** docker-dev `/run` of one typed editor's Writable checkbox + whole-solution serial sweep. |

 | **R2-07 (Phases 1+2+3)** | 03/P1 (action #7, surgical pure-adds/removes/mixed) | `r2/07-surgical-pure-adds` (off `1a698cbb`) | `bb226f45`…`e2b47638` (T1–T14) | **Phases 1+2 code-complete, offline-verified.** New pure `AddressSpaceChangeClassifier` (Empty/AttributeOnly/PureAdd/PureRemove/AddRemoveMix/Rebuild; first-match-wins, default-closed Rebuild; the F10b tag/vtag surgical-eligibility predicates moved here as `internal static`). `AddressSpaceApplier.Apply` routes by kind. **Phase 1 (PureAdd/AttributeOnly):** skip `RebuildAddressSpace` (the idempotent Materialise passes create exactly the added nodes; existing subscriptions survive); adds announced via `ComputeAddAnnouncements`+`AnnounceAddedNodes` (dedup affected-parent → existing guard-covered `RaiseNodesAddedModelChange`), fired by `OpcUaPublishActor` after the 4 passes gated on `!outcome.RebuildCalled`; `MaterialiseAlarmCondition` made idempotent (skip-if-present-and-same-kind keeps the condition NodeState alive). **NO new sink members in Phase 1.** **Phase 2 (PureRemove):** 3 new `ISurgicalAddressSpaceSink` members (`RemoveVariableNode`/`RemoveAlarmConditionNode`/`RemoveEquipmentSubtree`) — guard-first with the **observed negative control** (`DeferredSinkForwardingReflectionTests` fails member-named until `DeferredAddressSpaceSink` forwards) + `SdkAddressSpaceSink` forwards + `OtOpcUaNodeManager` in-place teardown (scoped map cleanup, notifier demotion via `RemoveRootNotifier`, `BuildNodesRemovedModelChange` verb=NodeDeleted reported outside `Lock`). Applier `PureRemove` arm: terminal Bad / `RemovedConditionState` writes (closing the removed-alarm-tag today-gap) → subsumption partition (removed-equipment children folded into the subtree remove) → in-place removes → any false/throw ⇒ full-rebuild ratchet; non-surgical sink ⇒ rebuild. **Phase 3 (AddRemoveMix):** removes-then-adds within one apply — the remove pass runs in `Apply` (no rebuild), then the publish actor's Materialise passes create the adds + `AnnounceAddedNodes` announces them; an id reused across the remove+add sets is remove-then-recreated as a fresh NodeState (correct — a different tag). **Guard stays green (Commons.Tests 17/17), OpcUaServer.Tests 336/336, Runtime.Tests 398/398.** **03/P1 marked REMEDIATED in `archreview/03-server-runtime.md`.** **Deferred-live (T5, T6, T12, T14):** `SubscriptionSurvivalTests` add + remove + mixed cases (authored + compile-green; NOT run — `*.IntegrationTests` memory constraint) and the docker-dev live-`/run` add/remove/mixed gates (`kind=PureAdd/PureRemove/AddRemoveMix, rebuild=False`; survivor subscription uninterrupted; removed node → `BadNodeIdUnknown`) — MUST run in the serial heavy pass (F10b inertness risk). |
@@ -221,10 +221,10 @@ Client.UI 126, Core.AlarmHistorian 29, Core.ScriptedAlarms 71, and all drivers (
 Every plan's integration-suite and live-`/run` gates were deferred (not skipped) so nothing OOMs the box and the
 shared docker-dev rig / VPN infra isn't contended. To run one-at-a-time:

- **Full integration-suite sweep** (10 `*.IntegrationTests` projects, one at a time): discharges R2-02 T18, R2-03 T11, R2-07 T5/T6, R2-08 T14, R2-11 T24.
+- **Full integration-suite sweep** (10 `*.IntegrationTests` projects, one at a time): discharges R2-02 T18, R2-03 T11, R2-07 T5/T6, R2-08 T14, R2-11 T24. **RAN 2026-07-14 — see [`INTEGRATION-SWEEP-STATUS.md`](INTEGRATION-SWEEP-STATUS.md).** Outcome: OpcUaClient(+Browser)/S7/Modbus-standard green, Host 105/117, TwinCAT clean-skip; the rest fail on **pre-existing test/fixture bit-rot** (AbCip static-init bug, Modbus pymodbus-4.x sim drift, FOCAS 127.0.0.1-mock topology, AbLegacy no fixture, OpcUaServer cert-store config, Host openldap:2.6 image gone). **No OtOpcUa regression.** 7 follow-ups in that file.
 - **docker-dev `:9200` live-`/run`** (rebuild BOTH centrals): R2-02 T15 (ResilienceConfig warning banner / input lockout / unknown-key survival), R2-03 T12 (VT fail→Bad→recover + P7 no-recompile), R2-10 T10 (breaker-open on both centrals + recovery + FOLLOWUP-10 log line), R2-11 T22 (typed-editor Writable checkbox), **R2-07 T12 (surgical add/remove/mixed — F10b inertness risk, MUST run)**, R2-05 T15 (over-gating regression only — deny unobservable under `DisableLogin`).
- **2-node redundancy rig:** **R2-04 T13/T15 — behavior-affecting S4 primary-gate default-deny; MUST run before trusting the failover-role change.**
- **Genuinely external / needs-user:** R2-06 T12 (VPN to a 0.2.0 HistorianGateway for the live EnsureTags retype probe), R2-08 live legs (real GLAuth outage/recovery cycle; `Category=LiveIntegration` gateway soak), R2-01 T11 (S7 SYN-blackhole outage on the `10.100.0.35` s7_1500 fixture).
+- **2-node redundancy rig:** ~~R2-04 T13/T15~~ **BOTH ✅ PASSED 2026-07-14** — T15 live docker-dev gate + T13 in-process delivery-path test (see below).
+- **Genuinely external / needs-user:** ~~ALL CLOSED as of 2026-07-15.~~ ~~R2-06 T12~~ (6/6 on the VPN, 2026-07-13). ~~R2-08 S3 `Category=LiveIntegration` gateway soak~~ **CLOSED 2026-07-15** (6/6 vs. the running local 0.2.0 gateway + real historian over VPN). ~~R2-01 T11~~ **CLOSED 2026-07-15** (S7 blackhole via `docker pause`; found + fixed the read-leg wall-clock gap, PR #453). ~~R2-08 GLAuth outage cycle~~ **CLOSED 2026-07-15** (`LdapGlauthOutageLiveTests` vs. the harness GLAuth paused via `docker pause`, PR #455). **Every Round-2 live gate is now GREEN.**

 ### Deferred behavior-change follow-up (deliberately not shipped)
 **R2-11 Phase C** — flip the runtime driver parsers to strict (typo'd enum ⇒ `BadNodeIdUnknown` instead of a
@@ -234,9 +234,22 @@ wrong-width `Good`). Land only after fleets have run `Deployment:TagConfigValida

 **Bottom line:** R2-02, R2-11, R2-07 (both surgical phases), R2-04 (achievable failover), and R2-10 (resilience pipeline in
 dispatch) verified live on the docker-dev central cluster. R2-05 partial-by-design; R2-03 unit-verified (rig has no driver
-data). Everything still open needs infra this box lacks: the `*.IntegrationTests` sweep needs the `10.100.0.35` driver
-fixtures + ephemeral LDAP up; R2-06 needs VPN to a 0.2.0 gateway; R2-08 a live GLAuth outage cycle; R2-01 the S7 blackhole
-fixture. Those are the only Round-2 items not yet exercised.
+data). R2-01's S7 blackhole gate is **CLOSED (2026-07-15)** — run via `docker pause` on the `10.100.0.35` s7_1500 fixture;
+it found + fixed the read-leg wall-clock gap (PR #453). R2-08's GLAuth outage-cycle leg is **CLOSED (2026-07-15, PR #455)** —
+`LdapGlauthOutageLiveTests` vs. the harness GLAuth on `10.100.0.35`. R2-08 S3 `Category=LiveIntegration` gateway soak is
+**CLOSED (2026-07-15, 6/6)** and R2-06 (6/6, 2026-07-13) — both vs. the local 0.2.0 gateway + real historian over VPN.
+**Every Round-2 live gate is now GREEN — no Round-2 items remain unexercised.**
+
+### Residual follow-ups — tracked in Gitea (2026-07-15)
+
+The remaining non-blocking items are filed as issues (none gate the remediation, which is complete):
+
+| Issue | Item | Nature |
+|---|---|---|
+| **#456** | #10 — observe retry/breaker firing in live dispatch; thread `ResilienceConfig` into the deploy artifact (tier-defaults only today) | niche / sub-gap |
+| **#457** | R2-11 Phase C — flip runtime parsers to strict, after fleets run `TagConfigValidationMode=Error` clean | deliberately deferred (operational rollout) |
+| **#458** | Remove the `NuGetAuditSuppress` for CVE-2025-6965 once a patched SQLitePCLRaw bundle ships | upstream-gated |
+| **#459** | SBR topology — crashing the OLDEST Akka node does not fail over | pre-registered user-deferred design gap |

 Brought up the 2-node central cluster (`central-1`+`central-2`, SQL, traefik) from source at merged master `6aeb53a9`
 (single-tenant rig; drove the `:9200` AdminUI via browser + Client.CLI on `:4840`/`:4841`).
@@ -275,8 +288,57 @@ Brought up the 2-node central cluster (`central-1`+`central-2`, SQL, traefik) fr

 **Rig note:** the pass mutated the persisted ConfigDb (added a `drv-modbus-line3-01` Modbus driver on MAIN; removed
 `capper-03`'s `production-count` virtual tag for the PureRemove test). Reset with
-`docker compose -f docker-dev/docker-compose.yml down -v`. The remaining integration-suite sweep + genuinely-external
-gates (R2-06 VPN, R2-08 live LDAP, R2-01 S7 blackhole) still need their infra.
+`docker compose -f docker-dev/docker-compose.yml down -v`. R2-01's S7 blackhole gate is now CLOSED (2026-07-15, PR #453);
+**all Round-2 live gates are now GREEN** (R2-06 + R2-08 S3 verified on the VPN 2026-07-15; R2-01 + R2-08 GLAuth self-serviced on `10.100.0.35`).
+
+---
+
+## R2-04 T15 — 2-node primary-gate LIVE GATE ✅ PASSED (2026-07-14)
+
+Ran the S4 primary-gate live recipe on the docker-dev 2-node central cluster **rebuilt from master `365a90e6`**
+(`up -d --build central-1 central-2`). Brought up the **Modbus sim** (`otopcua-pymodbus-standard` on
+`10.100.0.35:5020`) so `MAIN`'s Modbus equipment tags read **Good** (a data-less rig materialises every node
+`Bad_WaitingForInitialData`, and the CLI write reads-first — so a live driver is required to have a writable-Good
+node to drive the gate). Made `EQ-55297329838d/ModbusHR200` writable (`TagConfig.writable=true` via SQL +
+`POST :9200/api/deployments`). Data-plane writes bound `multi-role`/`password` (carries the `WriteOperate` LDAP role).
+
+**All core assertions PASS:**
+- **Step 1 — ServiceLevel split:** `Server_ServiceLevel` (`i=2267`) = **250 on `:4840` (primary) / 240 on `:4841`
+  (secondary)** — differentiated, no split-brain. (Plan said 240/100; the deployment's healthy values are 250/240 —
+  the invariant "primary > secondary" holds.)
+- **Step 2 — boot-window default-DENY (the NEW S4 behavior):** restarting **both** centrals (to widen the
+  role-null-with-≥2-members window — a single-node restart's window is sub-second because cluster-join and the first
+  redundancy snapshot land near-simultaneously) caught, ~5 s into boot:
+  `WRN Operator write to EQ-55297329838d/ModbusHR200 rejected: not primary (role unknown)`. Meter
+  `otopcua_redundancy_primary_gate_denied_total{reason="role-unknown",site="write"} = 1`.
+- **Step 3 — steady-state secondary DENY + #5 revert:** write `9999` to `:4841` → CLI reports optimistic
+  `Write successful` (synchronous, by design) but read-back = **1234 (the primary's value, reverted — NOT 9999)**;
+  central-2 logs `rejected: not primary`; meter `reason="secondary",site="write" = 1`.
+- **Step 3b — primary write reaches the device:** write `1234` to `:4840` → `Write successful` and read-back on
+  `:4841` = `1234` (the Modbus driver wrote through).
+- **T4 sanity — clean apply:** both centrals logged `AddressSpaceApplier: applied plan (kind=PureAdd … failed=0)` /
+  `materialised (… failed=0)`; **no `[ERR]` / `apply.failed` / degraded-apply line**; the `apply_failed` meter is
+  absent (never incremented).
+- **Step 4 — `/alerts`:** endpoint 200, **0 rows** — no active alarm on the data-less rig, so trivially no
+  dual-primary double-emission (the double-row regression is only observable with a firing alarm, which needs live
+  driver data this rig lacks; the alerts-emit gate shares the same `PrimaryGatePolicy` and is unit-covered).
+
+**Net:** the R2-04 `PrimaryGatePolicy` membership-aware **default-DENY-on-unknown** is confirmed live end-to-end —
+both denial reasons (`role-unknown`, `secondary`) fire the log + the new meter, the #5 optimistic-write revert
+corrects the node, and the primary path is unaffected. The behavior-affecting S4 slice is trusted.
+
+**R2-04 T13 — in-process delivery-path test ✅ PASSED (2026-07-14).**
+`dotnet test …Host.IntegrationTests --filter FullyQualifiedName~PrimaryGateFailoverTests` → **1/1, 3 s**. Ran
+**without SQL** (`OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_SQL` unset) — the gate test needs only the in-process 2-node Akka cluster +
+the DPS-delivered redundancy snapshot, not a ConfigDb deploy. The `TwoNodeClusterHarness` formed the cluster and
+the **real DistributedPubSub-delivered** snapshot promoted exactly one node to Primary (Secondary's
+`DriverHostActor.RouteNodeWrite` → `not primary`; Primary passed the gate, rejecting only with a mapping reason).
+Its built-in negative control (a broken redundancy-topic subscribe leaves both stuck `role unknown` → 45 s timeout)
+means the PASS proves genuine snapshot delivery drives the gate — the half the pure-TestKit unit guards can't cover.
+
+**Rig mutations (this pass):** `ModbusHR200.TagConfig.writable=true`; Modbus sim brought up on the shared docker host
+(`10.100.0.35`). Reset the central rig with `docker compose -f docker-dev/docker-compose.yml down -v`; the sim with
+`ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-modbus && docker compose --profile standard down'`.

 ---

@@ -327,24 +389,31 @@ convention) + a regression unit test + `StorageRateMs` on the live-suite inline
 - ✅ `Write_then_read_on_sandbox_tag` — `EnsureTags(Float)` + `WriteLiveValues` (SQL) + read-back.
 - ✅ `Alarm_SendEvent_is_acked` + ✅ `Alarm_SendEvent_then_ReadEvents` — alarm `SendEvent` + SQL `ReadEvents`.
 - ✅ `EnsureTags_type_change_outcome_is_observable` — now observes a **real** retype outcome (not a storage-rate error).
- ❌ `EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int1` — **Int1 (Boolean) tag creation is not supported by the
-  gateway's histsdk on this historian**: `EnsureTags(Int1)` returns `ProtocolEvidenceMissingException` (the vendored
-  client's "no capture evidence for this type" guard → gRPC `Unimplemented`), both fresh and as a retype target.
-  A **type sweep** confirmed it is Int1-specific: **Int2/UInt2/Int4/UInt4/Float/Double all provision `success=True`;
-  only Int1 fails.** Root cause: `histsdk` `HistorianTagWriteProtocol.GetAnalogDataTypeCode` has no captured
-  CTagMetadata wire code for Int1. This is a **gateway/histsdk type-support gap**, not an OtOpcUa defect — **filed as
-  [historiangw#11](https://gitea.dohertylan.com/dohertj2/historiangw/issues/11)**.
+- ⚠️ `EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int1` (as originally written) — **Int1 (Boolean) tag creation is not
+  supported by the gateway's histsdk on this historian**: `EnsureTags(Int1)` returns `ProtocolEvidenceMissingException`
+  (the vendored client's "no capture evidence for this type" guard → gRPC `Unimplemented`), both fresh and as a retype
+  target. A **type sweep** confirmed it is Int1-specific: **Int2/UInt2/Int4/UInt4/Float/Double all provision
+  `success=True`; only Int1 fails.** Root cause: `histsdk` `HistorianTagWriteProtocol.GetAnalogDataTypeCode` has no
+  captured CTagMetadata wire code for Int1 — a **gateway/histsdk type-support gap**, not an OtOpcUa defect
+  (**filed as [historiangw#11](https://gitea.dohertylan.com/dohertj2/historiangw/issues/11)**, which routed the
+  decision back as **[issue #441](https://gitea.dohertylan.com/dohertj2/lmxopcua/issues/441)**).
+
+  **✅ RESOLVED (issue #441, 2026-07-14):** `HistorianTypeMapper` now maps **`Boolean → Int2`** (0/1 integer) instead
+  of the degenerate `Int1`. Int2 is a proven-creatable analog type on this historian, and the value-write path already
+  sends every value as a `double` on `WriteLiveValues` regardless of tag type, so Boolean `0.0/1.0` round-trips
+  cleanly. The live gate test is renamed `EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int2` and now passes → **6/6**. Unit
+  pins updated (`HistorianTypeMapperTests`, `GatewayTagProvisionerTests.Boolean_definition_carries_explicit_Int2_presence`);
+  gateway driver unit `103/103`.

 **✅ U-7 retype policy — ANSWERED (via `grpcurl` against the real historian):**
 - `EnsureTags` is a **real create-or-update upsert** — re-`EnsureTags` of an existing tag at the same type → `success`.
 - An **in-place retype between SUPPORTED types is ACCEPTED** — `Float→Double` on an existing tag returns `success`
  (of the three 06/U-7 hypotheses: **accepted-retyped**, not rejected).
- **But the specific 0.2.0 Boolean case (Float→Int1) can't retype** — Int1 isn't a creatable type here, so a
-  pre-0.2.0 **Float Boolean tag asked to become Int1 fails the provision** with `ProtocolEvidenceMissingException`
-  — it is **neither silently retyped nor data-lost**; the provision just fails (and is metered `failed=N`). That is
-  the practically-relevant U-7 answer for Boolean tags on this deployment.
+- **The specific `Int1` case can't retype** — Int1 isn't a creatable type here. Rather than accept a broken Boolean
+  path, OtOpcUa **remapped `Boolean → Int2`** (issue #441, above), which retypes cleanly from a pre-existing Float
+  Boolean tag (both are supported analog types) and never hits the Int1 gap.

-The R2-06 **code** deliverables (S-11 fail-fast + `ServerHistorianOptionsValidator`; U-7 Boolean→Int1 mapping +
+The R2-06 **code** deliverables (S-11 fail-fast + `ServerHistorianOptionsValidator`; Boolean provisioning mapping +
 upsert; C-7 doc) were already unit-covered + merged; this live gate additionally **found + fixed the StorageRateMs
-provisioning bug** and **answered the U-7 retype policy**. The one remaining red test is a documented gateway
-histsdk Int1-support gap.
+provisioning bug**, **answered the U-7 retype policy**, and surfaced the Int1 histsdk gap that drove the
+**Boolean→Int2 remap (issue #441)** — closing the last red test to reach **6/6**.
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Follow-up #10 / issue #456 — live proof that authored ResilienceConfig reaches the runtime pipeline
+
+**Date:** 2026-07-15 · **Rig:** docker-dev (central-1 + central-2, MAIN cluster, Warm/2-node) built from source.
+
+## What this proves
+
+The #456 "sub-gap" worried that per-instance `DriverInstance.ResilienceConfig` never reaches the
+runtime resilience pipeline (so it runs tier-defaults only). This is **disproven** — both by a new
+regression test and by this live capture.
+
+## Setup
+
+Seeded on MAIN (SQL): an Equipment namespace `ns-res` + an `OpcUaClient` driver `drv-res` carrying a
+**non-default** override:
+
+```json
+"ResilienceConfig": {"capabilityPolicies":{"Subscribe":{"retryCount":999}}}
+```
+
+`retryCount:999` is deliberately over the cap (100) so the parser emits an unmistakable clamp
+diagnostic that echoes the authored value. Deployed headless: `POST /api/deployments` → Accepted
+(deploymentId 80b4be3c…).
+
+## Evidence
+
+**1. The persisted deployment artifact bytes carry it** (`dbo.Deployment.ArtifactBlob`, 4055 bytes):
+`CHARINDEX('ResilienceConfig') > 0` = YES, `CHARINDEX('999') > 0` = YES; the `drv-res` object slice
+shows `…"DriverType":"OpcUaClient"…"DriverConfig":"…"…"Resil…"`.
+
+**2. The runtime parsed + applied it — on BOTH redundancy nodes:**
+
+```
+central-1  [WRN] Driver resilience config for instance=drv-res type=OpcUaClient: Subscribe.retryCount 999 exceeds the cap (100); clamped.
+central-1  [INF] DriverHost central-1:4053: spawned OpcUaClient driver drv-res (stub=False)
+central-2  [WRN] Driver resilience config for instance=drv-res type=OpcUaClient: Subscribe.retryCount 999 exceeds the cap (100); clamped.
+central-2  [INF] DriverHost central-2:4053: spawned OpcUaClient driver drv-res (stub=False)
+```
+
+The authored value `999` appears verbatim in the runtime log. If the artifact did not carry
+`ResilienceConfig` (the feared sub-gap), `spec.ResilienceConfig` would be null, the parser would take
+pure tier-defaults, and **no clamp diagnostic would fire**. The diagnostic firing = the authored
+policy rode DB → ConfigComposer → artifact → DriverHostActor → DriverCapabilityInvokerFactory.Create →
+DriverResilienceOptionsParser. This is arch-review follow-up #10 acceptance item 2 ("re-verify the
+behavioral gate with a non-default policy"), verified live on both nodes.
+
+## Regression guard
+
+`ConfigComposerTests.ResilienceConfig_survives_ConfigComposer_to_ParseDriverInstances_round_trip`
+(master 809e7886) proves the same composer→artifact→parse leg deterministically, guarding against a
+future projection / `[JsonIgnore]` silently reverting authored policy to tier defaults.
+
+## Still open (acceptance item 1)
+
+The raw retry/breaker log line **on an actual driver fault** was NOT captured. It requires a
+connect-then-fault-mid-flight trigger: the wrapped capability calls (`Subscribe`/`Discover`/`Write`)
+only fire after a driver reaches **Connected** (`DriverInstanceActor` `ResubscribeDesired` runs on the
+`Become(Connected)` transition), so a driver at a dead endpoint stays in Reconnecting and never
+exercises the wrapped path. The reliable trigger is an **idempotent Write to a Connected-then-killed
+driver** (LDAP-gated Client.CLI write) or an S7 dead-socket reconnect. The retry/breaker **behaviour**
+is already proven deterministically (`CapabilityInvokerTests` retry, the pipeline-builder logging test,
+`DriverCapabilityInvokerFactoryTests` override-applies-to-behaviour). This remaining line is
+operator-confidence only.
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# #459 — LIVE finding: keep-oldest downs the survivor when the oldest crashes (2-container rig)
+
+**Date:** 2026-07-15 · **Rig:** docker-dev, central-1 (seed/oldest, :4840) + central-2 (:4841), MAIN Warm/2-node.
+
+## Headline
+On a **real 2-container rig**, hard-killing the **oldest** node makes the **younger survivor down ITSELF**
+→ both processes exit → **no failover, total outage**. This CONFIRMS #459 (the premise is real, not stale)
+and **disproves Option A** (keep `keep-oldest` is insufficient). Reproduced twice, deterministically.
+
+## Baseline (both nodes healthy, converged)
+- `Server.ServiceLevel` (NodeId `i=2267`): central-1 (oldest) = **250** (healthy leader), central-2 = **240** (healthy follower). Matches the documented tiering.
+
+## The kill
+`docker kill otopcua-dev-central-1-1` (true process death, not a graceful Leave). central-2'"'"'s SBR:
+
+```
+[WRN] SBR took decision Akka.Cluster.SBR.DownReachable and is downing
+      [akka.tcp://otopcua@central-2:4053] including myself, [1] unreachable of [2] members
+[INF] Cluster Node - Marking node [central-2:4053] as [Down]
+[INF] Self downed, stopping ClusterSingletonManager
+[INF] CoordinatedShutdown invoked due to [ClusterDowningReason]. Exiting with [ExitCode:3].
+```
+
+Result: central-2 Exited (255); `opc.tcp://localhost:4841` → Connection refused. No survivor.
+
+## Why (this is textbook keep-oldest, not a misconfig)
+`keep-oldest` keeps the partition CONTAINING the oldest and downs the other side. When the oldest CRASHES,
+the survivor (younger) is "the side without the oldest" → it downs itself. `down-if-alone = on` does NOT
+rescue it: that knob only makes the OLDEST down itself when the oldest is isolated-but-alive; a crashed
+oldest can'"'"'t execute it, and the younger applies strict keep-oldest → `DownReachable` (self-down). This is
+the documented 2-node keep-oldest limitation; Akka recommends 3+ members / a real quorum.
+
+## Why the in-process test gave false confidence
+`HardKillFailoverTests.Hard_kill_of_oldest_node_fails_over_to_survivor` PASSES, but `HardKillNodeAAsync`
+only calls `provider.Transport.Shutdown()` — node A'"'"'s **ActorSystem stays alive** (a transport partition
+with the oldest still running), NOT a process crash. So the in-process test exercises a different scenario
+than a real `docker kill`. It should be treated as non-representative for the oldest-CRASH case
+(test-quality follow-up: make it kill the process, or reframe what it proves).
+
+## Consequence
+Option A (keep `keep-oldest`) does not provide oldest-crash failover on a real 2-node deployment. The fix
+requires **Option B** (3rd witness/lighthouse member + `keep-majority` — survives any single crash) or
+**Option C** (DB-lease arbiter decoupling Primary from Akka oldest). A 2-node cluster fundamentally cannot
+auto-survive an arbitrary single-node crash under any SBR strategy without a tiebreaker.
@@ -141,48 +141,44 @@ for this node), which is the signal to check that `ServerHistorian:Enabled=true`
 > so a HistoryRead on it runs to the full `CallTimeout` (~30 s) before erroring. Auto-provisioning on deploy
 > keeps freshly-historized tags from hitting that slow path. See the `CallTimeout` row above.

-### 0.2.0 DataType provisioning delta (archreview 06/U-7)
+### Boolean historization maps to Int2 (issue #441)

-`EnsureTags` is contract-documented (HistorianGateway 0.2.0) as an **upsert** — *"creates or updates
+`EnsureTags` is contract-documented (HistorianGateway 0.2.0+) as an **upsert** — *"creates or updates
 historian tags according to the given definitions"* — that maps per-tag onto AVEVA's
 `HistorianClient.EnsureTagAsync(definition) -> bool`. It is **not idempotent** (not routed through the
 idempotent retry pipeline) and **not skip-if-exists**.

-The 0.1.0→0.2.0 client bump made `HistorianTagDefinition.DataType` **proto3-optional** (explicit presence).
-Under 0.1.0, the provisioner's `Boolean → Int1` mapping sent wire value `0`, indistinguishable from unset, so
-the gateway defaulted such tags to the SDK-default **Float**. Under 0.2.0 the same call carries explicit
-presence, so Boolean tags now provision as **Int1** (the pre-existing intent of `HistorianTypeMapper` — no
-mapper code change is needed or wanted). Consequences:
+`HistorianTypeMapper` maps **`DriverDataType.Boolean → HistorianDataType.Int2`** and Boolean values
+historize as a small **0/1 integer**. Int2 is used rather than the semantically-exact `Int1` because the
+historian's **`Int1` analog-tag creation path is server-degenerate** — `EnsureTags(Int1)` stores an
+unusable stub, so a Boolean tag mapped to `Int1` never becomes historizable. This is an evidence-based
+decision from a live probe against the deployed 2023 R2 historian; the root cause and gateway-side
+resolution are tracked in [issue #441](https://gitea.dohertylan.com/dohertj2/lmxopcua/issues/441) and
+HistorianGateway [#11](https://gitea.dohertylan.com/dohertj2/historiangw/issues/11) / PR #16 (which
+documents `Int1` as an explicit, evidence-based exclusion). The value-write path is unaffected: the
+recorder sends every value as a `double` on `WriteLiveValues` regardless of tag type, so a Boolean
+`0.0/1.0` round-trips cleanly into the Int2 tag.

-1. **New Boolean tags provision correctly as Int1.** This is the fix arriving as a silent, zero-diff
-   semantic change from the bump.
-2. **Pre-bump Boolean tags exist historian-side as Float.** On the next deploy that dispatches provisioning
-   for such a tag, the gateway is asked (via the upsert) to update it to Int1.
+**Observed live (2026-07-13, real 0.2.0 gateway → real AVEVA historian on `wonder-sql-vd03`, probed via
+`grpcurl` — archreview R2-06 T12):**
+- `EnsureTags` is a **real create-or-update upsert** — re-`EnsureTags` of an existing tag at the same type
+  returns `Success=true`.
+- An **in-place retype between SUPPORTED types is ACCEPTED** — `Float→Double` on an existing tag returns
+  `Success=true`.
+- A type sweep confirmed **`Int2/UInt2/Int4/UInt4/Float/Double` all provision `Success=true`; only `Int1`
+  fails** (`Success=false, Error="ProtocolEvidenceMissingException"` — the vendored client's "no capture
+  evidence for this type" guard → gRPC `Unimplemented`), both for a fresh tag and as a retype target. Mapping
+  Boolean to `Int2` sidesteps that gap entirely.

-   **Observed live (2026-07-13, real 0.2.0 gateway → real AVEVA historian on `wonder-sql-vd03`, probed via
-   `grpcurl` — archreview R2-06 T12):**
-   - `EnsureTags` is a **real create-or-update upsert** — re-`EnsureTags` of an existing tag at the same type
-     returns `Success=true`.
-   - An **in-place retype between SUPPORTED types is ACCEPTED** — `Float→Double` on an existing tag returns
-     `Success=true` (hypothesis **(ii) accepted as a plain retype**, not rejected).
-   - **BUT `Int1` — the 0.2.0 Boolean target — is *not a creatable type* on this historian's histsdk:**
-     `EnsureTags(Int1)` returns `Success=false, Error="ProtocolEvidenceMissingException"` (the vendored client's
-     "no capture evidence for this type" guard → gRPC `Unimplemented`), both for a fresh tag and as a retype
-     target. A type sweep confirmed it is **Int1-specific**: `Int2/UInt2/Int4/UInt4/Float/Double` all provision
-     `Success=true`; only `Int1` fails.
-   - **Net for a pre-bump Float Boolean tag asked to become Int1:** the provision **fails** (per-tag
-     `Success=false` → `failed=N` tally). It is **neither silently retyped nor data-lost** — the tag stays Float
-     and remains readable; the Int1 provision simply doesn't land until the gateway's histsdk gains `Int1`
-     create-evidence — filed as
-     [historiangw#11](https://gitea.dohertylan.com/dohertj2/historiangw/issues/11). (Prerequisite for reaching this
-     outcome at all: the provisioner must stamp a **positive
-     `StorageRateMs`** — a `0` made `EnsureTags` throw `ArgumentOutOfRangeException` and fail *every* provision;
-     fixed in `GatewayTagProvisioner`, PR #439.)
-3. **The failure mode is bounded and observable either way.** Provisioning is fire-and-forget and never
-   blocks/fails a deploy; a per-tag rejection surfaces only as the tally's `failed` count. Values written to
-   a still-Float tag by the recorder remain readable (Float supersets Int1's 0/1 range); nothing is lost
-   pending a reconcile. A bulk retype sweep is **not** done in code — assess via the probe first, then decide
-   whether reconciliation is a one-time operator action.
+> **Prerequisite for provisioning to land at all:** the provisioner must stamp a **positive `StorageRateMs`**
+> — a `0` made `EnsureTags` throw `ArgumentOutOfRangeException` and fail *every* provision (fixed in
+> `GatewayTagProvisioner`, PR #439).
+
+**Migration note for pre-existing Boolean tags.** A Boolean tag historian-side as Float (e.g. from the
+0.1.0-era default) is asked, on its next deploy, to upsert to Int2. Both are supported analog types, so the
+retype is accepted. Provisioning is fire-and-forget and never blocks/fails a deploy; a per-tag rejection (if
+any) surfaces only as the tally's `failed` count, and values written to a still-Float tag remain readable
+(Float supersets the 0/1 range) pending reconcile. A bulk retype sweep is **not** done in code.

 ---

@@ -407,11 +403,11 @@ The gateway-backed driver also ships an env-gated live suite (`Category=LiveInte
 `HISTGW_GATEWAY_ENDPOINT` / `HISTGW_GATEWAY_APIKEY` / `HISTGW_TEST_TAG` / `HISTGW_WRITE_SANDBOX_TAG` /
 `HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG` / `HISTGW_ALARM_SOURCE` env vars (it skips cleanly when they are absent).
 `HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG` (e.g. `HistGW.LiveTest.BoolSandbox`, a **dedicated** writable Boolean tag —
-never the shared Float write sandbox) drives the 0.2.0 Boolean `EnsureTags` leg
-(`EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int1`) and the retype probe
-(`EnsureTags_type_change_outcome_is_observable`) that resolve the
-[0.2.0 DataType provisioning delta](#020-datatype-provisioning-delta-archreview-06u-7) open question. Running
-the full suite against a **0.2.0** gateway (all six tests, none skipped) also discharges 06/U-2's
+never the shared Float write sandbox) drives the Boolean historization leg
+(`EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int2`) and the retype probe
+(`EnsureTags_type_change_outcome_is_observable`) that back the
+[Boolean historization maps to Int2](#boolean-historization-maps-to-int2-issue-441) decision. Running
+the full suite against the gateway (all six tests, none skipped) also discharges 06/U-2's
 "full documented run" for the historian suite.

 See [AlarmHistorian.md](AlarmHistorian.md) for the alarm write path and
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+# Infrastructure — testing & deployment
+
+Canonical index of every piece of infrastructure OtOpcUa's tests and deployments
+depend on: the shared Docker host, the driver integration fixtures, the env-gated
+**live-gate** recipes, the integration-test harness, the local dev rig, and the
+gateway/deploy setups. This file is the single entry point; deeper history lives in
+the linked docs.
+
+> **Credentials below are dev-only** (per decision #137) — never production values.
+> Production uses Integrated Security / gMSA (SQL) and a real directory (LDAP).
+
+**Related deep docs**
+- [`docs/v2/dev-environment.md`](../docs/v2/dev-environment.md) — full historical inventory + Windows bootstrap.
+- [`docs/v2/Galaxy.ParityRig.md`](../docs/v2/Galaxy.ParityRig.md) — mxaccessgw / Galaxy parity-rig runbook.
+- `docs/drivers/*-Test-Fixture.md` — per-driver fixture coverage maps.
+- [`../scadaproj/infra/glauth/`](../../scadaproj/infra/glauth/) — the shared GLAuth source-of-truth + deploy runbook.
+- `reference_histgw_local_deploy`, `reference_ww_historian_vm` (memory) — HistorianGateway deploy detail.
+
+---
+
+## 1. Shared Linux Docker host — `10.100.0.35`
+
+All Docker workloads (central SQL, driver fixtures, integration-harness deps) run on a
+shared Debian host, **not** on the dev machine. Discover everything with the
+`project=lmxopcua` label:
+
+```bash
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'docker ps --filter label=project=lmxopcua --format "{{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}"'
+```
+
+- **From this Mac**, drive it over passwordless SSH (`ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'docker …'`).
+  `docker -H ssh://…` does **not** work from the Windows VM (stdio bridge hangs) — the
+  Windows VM uses the `lmxopcua-fix.ps1` helper (`~/bin`) instead; the Mac uses SSH directly.
+- **Stacks** live at `/opt/otopcua-<driver>/` (root-owned) or `~/otopcua-<driver>/` (user-owned,
+  where `/opt` needs sudo). Current layout:
+
+  | Stack dir | Purpose |
+  |---|---|
+  | `/opt/otopcua-mssql` | central SQL (always-on) |
+  | `/opt/otopcua-modbus` · `/opt/otopcua-abcip` · `/opt/otopcua-s7` · `/opt/otopcua-opcuaclient` | driver fixtures |
+  | `~/otopcua-ablegacy` · `~/otopcua-focas` | driver fixtures (user-owned) |
+  | `~/otopcua-harness` | Host.IntegrationTests real-mode deps (SQL + GLAuth) — see §4 |
+
+- The repo's `tests/.../Docker/` trees are the **source of truth**; the host dirs are mirrored
+  deployments. Push changes with `rsync`/`lmxopcua-fix sync` before `docker compose up`.
+
+## 2. Central SQL Server (always-on)
+
+| | |
+|---|---|
+| Container | `otopcua-mssql` (`mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-latest`), stack `/opt/otopcua-mssql` |
+| Endpoint | `10.100.0.35:14330` → `1433` |
+| Creds (dev) | `sa` / `OtOpcUaDev_2026!` |
+| Used by | `appsettings.json` `ConfigDb`; DB-backed test suites (`*.Configuration.Tests`, `*.Admin.Tests`, `*.Server.Tests`) |
+
+Nuclear reset: `ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-mssql && docker compose down -v && docker compose up -d'`.
+
+## 3. Driver integration fixtures
+
+Each driver's integration suite TCP-probes its fixture at collection init and **skips cleanly**
+when it isn't running. Bring one up, `dotnet test`, tear down. Repo compose lives under
+`tests/Drivers/….IntegrationTests/Docker/`.
+
+| Driver | Fixture image | Endpoint | Bring up (on the host) |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Modbus | `otopcua-pymodbus:3.13.0` | `10.100.0.35:5020` | `docker compose --profile <standard\|dl205\|mitsubishi\|s7_1500> up -d` |
+| AB CIP | `otopcua-ab-server:libplctag-release` | `10.100.0.35:44818` | `docker compose --profile <controllogix\|compactlogix\|micro800\|guardlogix> up -d` |
+| AB Legacy (PCCC) | `otopcua-ab-server` (PCCC mode) | `10.100.0.35:44818` | `AB_LEGACY_COMPOSE_PROFILE=<…> docker compose up -d` (stack `~/otopcua-ablegacy`) |
+| S7 | `otopcua-python-snap7` | `10.100.0.35:1102` | `docker compose --profile s7_1500 up -d` |
+| OpcUaClient | `mcr.microsoft.com/iotedge/opc-plc:2.14.10` | `opc.tcp://10.100.0.35:50000` | `docker compose up -d` |
+| FOCAS | `otopcua-focas-sim` (vendored focas-mock) | `10.100.0.35:8193` | `docker compose up -d` (stack `~/otopcua-focas`) |
+
+**Endpoint overrides** point a suite at a real PLC instead of the sim:
+`MODBUS_SIM_ENDPOINT` · `AB_SERVER_ENDPOINT` · `S7_SIM_ENDPOINT` · `OPCUA_SIM_ENDPOINT`.
+
+> **Fixture-cycling gotcha:** profile-gated services can share a port; a plain `docker compose down`
+> may leave a stale container bound. Force-remove before switching profiles:
+> `docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq --filter name=otopcua-<driver>)` then `up --force-recreate`.
+
+## 4. Host.IntegrationTests real-mode harness
+
+`tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests` runs on EF-InMemory + a stub LDAP by
+default (zero infra). Real-mode swaps in **SQL Server** + a real **GLAuth** bind. Stack:
+`~/otopcua-harness` (repo: `tests/Server/.../Host.IntegrationTests/docker-compose.yml` + `glauth/config.toml`).
+
+| Dep | Container | Endpoint | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| SQL | `otopcua-harness-sql-1` | `10.100.0.35:14331` → 1433 | port 14331 avoids the always-on 14330 |
+| GLAuth | `otopcua-harness-ldap-1` | `10.100.0.35:3894` → 3893 | GLAuth (swapped in for retired bitnami/openldap, PR #451); users below |
+
+Harness GLAuth dev users (`glauth/config.toml`, baseDN `dc=zb,dc=local`):
+`serviceaccount`/`serviceaccount123` (search), `alice`/`alice123` (full-access), `bob`/`bob123` (read-only).
+
+```bash
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd ~/otopcua-harness && docker compose up -d'
+export OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_SQL=1  OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_LDAP=1
+export OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST=10.100.0.35,14331
+export OTOPCUA_HARNESS_LDAP_HOST=10.100.0.35        # harness uses port 3894
+dotnet test tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd ~/otopcua-harness && docker compose down'
+```
+
+## 5. Live-gate recipes (env-gated destructive tests)
+
+These prove failure/recovery behavior against **real** infra and skip cleanly offline. Each is
+gated by env vars and always restores the shared resource in a `finally`.
+
+### 5a. S7 connect-timeout blackhole (`S7_1500ConnectTimeoutOutageTests`)
+Proves an S7 subscription survives a SYN-blackhole outage (frozen PLC), which a `docker restart`
+can't reproduce. `docker pause` gives the ACK-less-established shape — no sudo/VPN.
+
+```bash
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd /opt/otopcua-s7 && docker compose --profile s7_1500 up -d'
+export S7_TIMEOUT_OUTAGE_START_CMD='ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "docker pause otopcua-python-snap7-s7_1500"'
+export S7_TIMEOUT_OUTAGE_STOP_CMD='ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "docker unpause otopcua-python-snap7-s7_1500"'
+dotnet test tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7.IntegrationTests --filter "FullyQualifiedName~ConnectTimeoutOutage"
+```
+
+### 5b. LDAP GLAuth outage/recovery (`LdapGlauthOutageLiveTests`)
+Drives the directory-outage circuit through the production auth path against the harness GLAuth
+(§4), paused/unpaused. Also verifies the GLAuth swap binds correctly.
+
+```bash
+ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 'cd ~/otopcua-harness && docker compose up -d ldap'
+export GLAUTH_LIVE_HOST=10.100.0.35   # port defaults to 3894 (GLAUTH_LIVE_PORT)
+export GLAUTH_OUTAGE_START_CMD='ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "docker pause otopcua-harness-ldap-1"'
+export GLAUTH_OUTAGE_STOP_CMD='ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "docker unpause otopcua-harness-ldap-1"'
+dotnet test tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests --filter "FullyQualifiedName~LdapGlauthOutageLive"
+```
+
+### 5c. HistorianGateway LiveIntegration soak (`Category=LiveIntegration`) — needs VPN
+Exercises the gateway read/write/alarm/EnsureTags paths against a **real AVEVA historian**. Requires
+the corporate **VPN up** and a running gateway (see §6). Full deploy detail: `reference_histgw_local_deploy`.
+
+```bash
+export HISTGW_GATEWAY_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:5221   # local gw, h2c
+export HISTGW_GATEWAY_ALLOW_UNTRUSTED=true              # required for h2c
+export HISTGW_GATEWAY_APIKEY=histgw_placeholder_placeholder   # gw ApiKeys:Mode=Disabled
+export HISTGW_TEST_TAG=SysTimeSec
+export HISTGW_WRITE_SANDBOX_TAG=HistGW.LiveTest.Sandbox
+export HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG=HistGW.LiveTest.BoolSandbox
+export HISTGW_ALARM_SOURCE=OtOpcUaLiveValidation
+dotnet test tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.Gateway.Tests --filter "Category=LiveIntegration"
+```
+
+## 6. HistorianGateway — deploy for live testing
+
+The gateway sidecar runs locally in Docker (`~/Desktop/HistorianGateway/docker/`) pointed at the
+**real AVEVA historian** over VPN. It's the backend for OtOpcUa's historian read/alarm/continuous paths.
+
+- **Hosts (VPN up):** historian gRPC CAP `wonder-sql-vd03.zmr.zimmer.com:32565` (TLS); Runtime SQL `:1433`
+  (`wonderapp`/`Wonderapp1`, SQL login); Galaxy GR SQL `wonder-app-vd03.zmr.zimmer.com:1433`.
+- **Deploy:** publish FDD on host, then `docker compose up -d --build`. gRPC h2c `localhost:5221`,
+  dashboard/health `localhost:5220`, `ApiKeys:Mode=Disabled`. Corporate hostnames go in a gitignored
+  `docker/.env` / secrets, never in committed compose.
+- **Known deploy fixes** (committed to the gateway repo): FQDN via `.env`; `libgssapi-krb5-2 gss-ntlmssp`
+  in the Dockerfile (historian v6 + SQL paths auth `NAM\dohertj2` via Negotiate/GSSAPI); `RuntimeDb` on.
+- Full recipe + gotchas: `reference_histgw_local_deploy` · historian VM: `reference_ww_historian_vm`.
+
+## 7. docker-dev local rig — `docker-dev/docker-compose.yml`
+
+A 2-node OtOpcUa cluster built from source for AdminUI / OPC UA `/run` verification.
+
+| Surface | Endpoint | Notes |
+|---|---|---|
+| AdminUI | `http://localhost:9200` (via Traefik) | round-robins central-1/2 — **rebuild both** to verify a UI change |
+| OPC UA | `opc.tcp://localhost:4840` (central-1) · `:4841` (central-2) | data plane |
+| Login | disabled (`Security__Auth__DisableLogin=true`) | auto-authenticated full-access admin — no sign-in needed |
+| LDAP (data plane) | shared GLAuth `10.100.0.35:3893` (`DevStubMode=false`) | gates Client.CLI read/write **role** ops only |
+
+```bash
+docker compose -f docker-dev/docker-compose.yml up -d --build central-1 central-2 traefik
+# headless deploy: POST http://localhost:9200/api/deployments  (X-Api-Key)
+docker compose -f docker-dev/docker-compose.yml down -v   # reset
+```
+
+## 8. Shared GLAuth (data-plane auth) — `10.100.0.35:3893`
+
+The project-wide LDAP for docker-dev + live OPC UA data-plane auth (distinct from the harness
+GLAuth on :3894). Container `zb-shared-glauth`, baseDN `dc=zb,dc=local`, bind
+`cn=serviceaccount,dc=zb,dc=local`/`serviceaccount123`, test users password `password`. **Source of
+truth + deploy runbook:** [`../scadaproj/infra/glauth/`](../../scadaproj/infra/glauth/).
+
+## 9. Deployment (production rig)
+
+The deploy host runs the OtOpcUa server + `mxaccessgw` + the HistorianGateway sidecar as
+NSSM-wrapped services from `C:\publish\`. Refresh after landing changes with
+`scripts/install/Refresh-Services.ps1` (stops reverse-dependency order → backs up → publishes →
+restarts → smoke-verifies ports 4840/4841). Production creds use Integrated Security / gMSA (SQL)
+and a real directory (LDAP) — never the dev values in this doc.
+
+> The legacy Wonderware TCP/ArchestrA sidecar was retired; the historian backend is now the
+> `ZB.MOM.WW.HistorianGateway` sidecar (see §6 and `docs/Historian.md`).
@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@

    <ItemGroup>
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.Sqlite"/>
+        <!--
+          Direct pin of the native SQLite bundle to 2.1.12 (first version outside the
+          CVE-2025-6965 / GHSA-2m69-gcr7-jv3q range) — overrides the 2.1.11 that
+          Microsoft.Data.Sqlite pulls transitively. See Directory.Packages.props.
+        -->
+        <PackageReference Include="SQLitePCLRaw.bundle_e_sqlite3"/>
        <PackageReference Include="Serilog"/>
    </ItemGroup>

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ public sealed class SubscribeCommand : S7CommandBase
        {
            await driver.InitializeAsync("{}", ct);

+            // Route every data-change event to the CliFx console (not System.Console — the
+            // analyzer flags it + IConsole is the testable abstraction).
            driver.OnDataChange += (_, e) =>
            {
                var line = $"[{DateTime.UtcNow:HH:mm:ss.fff}] " +
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ public static class AbCipDriverFactoryExtensions
            {
                Enabled = dto.Probe?.Enabled ?? true,
                Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.Probe?.IntervalMs ?? 5_000),
-                Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.Probe?.TimeoutMs ?? 2_000),
+                Timeout = PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(dto.Probe?.TimeoutMs, 2_000),
                ProbeTagPath = dto.Probe?.ProbeTagPath,
            },
-            Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.TimeoutMs ?? 2_000),
+            Timeout = PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(dto.TimeoutMs, 2_000),
            EnableControllerBrowse = dto.EnableControllerBrowse ?? false,
            EnableAlarmProjection = dto.EnableAlarmProjection ?? false,
            AlarmPollInterval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.AlarmPollIntervalMs ?? 1_000),
@@ -86,6 +86,20 @@ public static class AbCipDriverFactoryExtensions
        };
    }

+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Maps an operator-supplied timeout (ms) to a positive <see cref="TimeSpan"/>, substituting
+    ///     <paramref name="defaultMs"/> for a null / zero / negative value. libplctag's managed
+    ///     <c>Tag.Timeout</c> setter throws <see cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException"/> for a
+    ///     non-positive value, which would otherwise fault tag creation on every read/write; clamping
+    ///     here keeps a misconfigured <c>TimeoutMs: 0</c> running on the default bound instead. (Driver
+    ///     timeout hardening, sibling of the S7 R2-01 read-leg fix.)
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="ms">The operator-supplied timeout in milliseconds, or null.</param>
+    /// <param name="defaultMs">The default applied when <paramref name="ms"/> is null or non-positive.</param>
+    /// <returns>A strictly positive timeout.</returns>
+    private static TimeSpan PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(int? ms, int defaultMs) =>
+        TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(ms is int v and > 0 ? v : defaultMs);
+
    private static AbCipTagDefinition BuildTag(AbCipTagDto t, string driverInstanceId) =>
        new(
            Name: t.Name ?? throw new InvalidOperationException(
@@ -264,6 +264,8 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover

                if (status != 0)
                {
+                    // Evict the stale handle so the next call re-creates it (mirrors AbCip).
+                    EvictRuntime(device, def.Name);
                    results[i] = new DataValueSnapshot(null,
                        AbLegacyStatusMapper.MapLibplctagStatus(status), null, now);
                    _health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Degraded, _health.LastSuccessfulRead,
@@ -287,6 +289,8 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover
            catch (OperationCanceledException) { throw; }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
+                // Transport exception — evict so the next read creates a fresh handle (mirrors AbCip).
+                EvictRuntime(device, def.Name);
                results[i] = new DataValueSnapshot(null,
                    AbLegacyStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError, null, now);
                _health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Degraded, _health.LastSuccessfulRead, ex.Message);
@@ -360,9 +364,16 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover
                    opLock.Release();
                }

-                results[i] = new WriteResult(status == 0
-                    ? AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good
-                    : AbLegacyStatusMapper.MapLibplctagStatus(status));
+                if (status != 0)
+                {
+                    // Evict the stale handle so the next call re-creates it (mirrors AbCip).
+                    EvictRuntime(device, def.Name);
+                    results[i] = new WriteResult(AbLegacyStatusMapper.MapLibplctagStatus(status));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    results[i] = new WriteResult(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+                }
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException) { throw; }
            catch (NotSupportedException nse)
@@ -380,6 +391,8 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
+                // Transport exception — evict so the next write/read creates a fresh handle (mirrors AbCip).
+                EvictRuntime(device, def.Name);
                results[i] = new WriteResult(AbLegacyStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError);
                _health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Degraded, _health.LastSuccessfulRead, ex.Message);
            }
@@ -685,6 +698,26 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover
        }
    }

+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Evict the runtime for <paramref name="tagName"/> from the device's cache and dispose it so
+    ///     the next read/write call re-creates and re-initializes a fresh libplctag handle. Called
+    ///     after a non-zero libplctag status or a transport exception on a read/write — a non-zero
+    ///     status can mean the controller dropped the connection or the handle became permanently
+    ///     invalid (e.g. after a PLC download), and reusing it would return the same failure forever.
+    ///     Mirrors <c>AbCipDriver.EvictRuntime</c> and the probe loop's recreate-on-failure behaviour
+    ///     (previously AbLegacy leaned only on the probe loop + libplctag's internal recovery, so a
+    ///     data-path fault recovered more slowly than in AbCip).
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="device">The device whose runtime cache holds the stale handle.</param>
+    /// <param name="tagName">The tag name key of the runtime to evict.</param>
+    private static void EvictRuntime(DeviceState device, string tagName)
+    {
+        if (device.Runtimes.TryRemove(tagName, out var stale))
+        {
+            try { stale.Dispose(); } catch { /* best-effort */ }
+        }
+    }
+
    /// <summary>
    ///     Synchronous teardown. Mirrors the body of
    ///     <see cref="ShutdownAsync"/> but never wraps the async path in
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ public static class AbLegacyDriverFactoryExtensions
            {
                Enabled = dto.Probe?.Enabled ?? true,
                Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.Probe?.IntervalMs ?? 5_000),
-                Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.Probe?.TimeoutMs ?? 2_000),
+                Timeout = PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(dto.Probe?.TimeoutMs, 2_000),
                ProbeAddress = dto.Probe?.ProbeAddress ?? "S:0",
            },
-            Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.TimeoutMs ?? 2_000),
+            Timeout = PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(dto.TimeoutMs, 2_000),
        };

        return new AbLegacyDriver(
@@ -95,6 +95,20 @@ public static class AbLegacyDriverFactoryExtensions
            logger: loggerFactory?.CreateLogger<AbLegacyDriver>());
    }

+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Maps an operator-supplied timeout (ms) to a positive <see cref="TimeSpan"/>, substituting
+    ///     <paramref name="defaultMs"/> for a null / zero / negative value. libplctag's managed
+    ///     <c>Tag.Timeout</c> setter throws <see cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException"/> for a
+    ///     non-positive value, which would otherwise fault tag creation on every read/write; clamping
+    ///     here keeps a misconfigured <c>TimeoutMs: 0</c> running on the default bound instead. (Driver
+    ///     timeout hardening, sibling of the S7 R2-01 read-leg fix.)
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="ms">The operator-supplied timeout in milliseconds, or null.</param>
+    /// <param name="defaultMs">The default applied when <paramref name="ms"/> is null or non-positive.</param>
+    /// <returns>A strictly positive timeout.</returns>
+    private static TimeSpan PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(int? ms, int defaultMs) =>
+        TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(ms is int v and > 0 ? v : defaultMs);
+
    private static T ParseEnum<T>(string? raw, string driverInstanceId, string field,
        string? tagName = null, T? fallback = null) where T : struct, Enum
    {
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ public static class FocasDriverFactoryExtensions
            {
                Enabled = dto.Probe?.Enabled ?? true,
                Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.Probe?.IntervalMs ?? 5_000),
-                Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.Probe?.TimeoutMs ?? 2_000),
+                Timeout = PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(dto.Probe?.TimeoutMs, 2_000),
            },
-            Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(dto.TimeoutMs ?? 2_000),
+            Timeout = PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(dto.TimeoutMs, 2_000),
            FixedTree = BuildFixedTree(dto.FixedTree),
            AlarmProjection = BuildAlarmProjection(dto.AlarmProjection),
            HandleRecycle = BuildHandleRecycle(dto.HandleRecycle),
@@ -96,6 +96,20 @@ public static class FocasDriverFactoryExtensions
        return new FocasDriver(options, driverInstanceId, clientFactory);
    }

+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Maps an operator-supplied timeout (ms) to a positive <see cref="TimeSpan"/>, substituting
+    ///     <paramref name="defaultMs"/> for a null / zero / negative value. A non-positive
+    ///     <c>Timeout</c> would make <see cref="SynchronizedFocasClient"/> DISABLE its per-call
+    ///     wall-clock ceiling (falling back to the caller's long-lived poll token), reintroducing the
+    ///     exact unbounded-read-on-a-frozen-peer wedge the S7 R2-01 read-leg fix eliminated. Clamping
+    ///     here at the config boundary guarantees the deadline can never be authored away.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="ms">The operator-supplied timeout in milliseconds, or null.</param>
+    /// <param name="defaultMs">The default applied when <paramref name="ms"/> is null or non-positive.</param>
+    /// <returns>A strictly positive timeout.</returns>
+    private static TimeSpan PositiveTimeoutOrDefault(int? ms, int defaultMs) =>
+        TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(ms is int v and > 0 ? v : defaultMs);
+
    /// <summary>
    ///     Builds the appropriate <see cref="IFocasClientFactory"/> based on the config DTO's backend selection.
    /// </summary>
@@ -9,11 +9,14 @@ namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.Gateway.Mapping;
 /// </summary>
 /// <remarks>
 /// Only the nine numeric types are historizable on the gateway's analog write path. Two of them
-/// fall back to a wider historian type because the narrower one's write path is deferred upstream:
-/// <see cref="DriverDataType.UInt16"/> maps to <see cref="HistorianDataType.Uint4"/> (the historian's
-/// <c>UInt2</c> write path is not proven). String / DateTime / Reference are not historized in v1
-/// and throw <see cref="NotSupportedException"/>; callers that want to skip them without catching an
-/// exception should consult <see cref="IsHistorizable(DriverDataType)"/> first.
+/// fall back to a wider/adjacent historian type because the exact one's write path is not usable
+/// upstream: <see cref="DriverDataType.UInt16"/> maps to <see cref="HistorianDataType.Uint4"/> (the
+/// historian's <c>UInt2</c> write path is not proven), and <see cref="DriverDataType.Boolean"/> maps
+/// to <see cref="HistorianDataType.Int2"/> — the historian's <c>Int1</c> analog-tag creation path is
+/// server-degenerate (issue #441 / HistorianGateway #11: <c>EnsureTags(Int1)</c> stores an unusable
+/// stub), so Boolean historizes as a small 0/1 integer instead. String / DateTime / Reference are not
+/// historized in v1 and throw <see cref="NotSupportedException"/>; callers that want to skip them
+/// without catching an exception should consult <see cref="IsHistorizable(DriverDataType)"/> first.
 /// </remarks>
 internal static class HistorianTypeMapper
 {
@@ -25,7 +28,8 @@ internal static class HistorianTypeMapper
    /// </exception>
    public static HistorianDataType ToHistorianDataType(DriverDataType dataType) => dataType switch
    {
-        DriverDataType.Boolean => HistorianDataType.Int1,
+        DriverDataType.Boolean => HistorianDataType.Int2, // Int1 analog-tag creation is server-degenerate (issue #441) → store 0/1
+
        DriverDataType.Int16 => HistorianDataType.Int2,
        DriverDataType.Int32 => HistorianDataType.Int4,
        DriverDataType.Int64 => HistorianDataType.Int8,
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ public interface IS7PlcFactory
 internal sealed class S7PlcAdapter : IS7Plc
 {
    private readonly Plc _plc;
+    private readonly TimeSpan _operationTimeout;

    /// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="S7PlcAdapter"/> class.</summary>
    /// <param name="cpuType">The CPU family.</param>
@@ -98,9 +99,14 @@ internal sealed class S7PlcAdapter : IS7Plc
    public S7PlcAdapter(S7CpuType cpuType, string host, int port, short rack, short slot, TimeSpan timeout)
    {
        _plc = new Plc(S7CpuTypeMap.ToS7Net(cpuType), host, port, rack, slot);
+        _operationTimeout = timeout;
        // S7netplus writes timeouts into the underlying TcpClient via ReadTimeout / WriteTimeout
        // (milliseconds). Set before OpenAsync so the handshake itself honours the bound — matches
-        // the original inline construction in S7Driver.InitializeAsync.
+        // the original inline construction in S7Driver.InitializeAsync. NOTE: these map to the
+        // TcpClient's ReceiveTimeout / SendTimeout, which govern only SYNCHRONOUS socket calls; the
+        // async read/write paths S7.Net actually uses ignore them, so every data-plane op below is
+        // additionally bounded by S7OperationDeadline (a real wall-clock ceiling). OpenAsync is left
+        // to S7Driver.EnsureConnectedAsync's own CancelAfter, so it is not double-bounded here.
        var ms = (int)timeout.TotalMilliseconds;
        _plc.ReadTimeout = ms;
        _plc.WriteTimeout = ms;
@@ -117,23 +123,30 @@ internal sealed class S7PlcAdapter : IS7Plc

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public Task<object?> ReadAsync(string address, CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        _plc.ReadAsync(address, cancellationToken)!;
+        S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+            t => _plc.ReadAsync(address, t)!, _operationTimeout, $"read of '{address}'", cancellationToken);

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public Task<byte[]> ReadBytesAsync(S7NetDataType area, int db, int startByteAdr, int count, CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        _plc.ReadBytesAsync(area, db, startByteAdr, count, cancellationToken);
+        S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+            t => _plc.ReadBytesAsync(area, db, startByteAdr, count, t),
+            _operationTimeout, $"block read of {area} db{db} @{startByteAdr}+{count}", cancellationToken);

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public Task WriteAsync(string address, object value, CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        _plc.WriteAsync(address, value, cancellationToken);
+        S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+            t => _plc.WriteAsync(address, value, t), _operationTimeout, $"write of '{address}'", cancellationToken);

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public Task WriteBytesAsync(S7NetDataType area, int db, int startByteAdr, byte[] value, CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        _plc.WriteBytesAsync(area, db, startByteAdr, value, cancellationToken);
+        S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+            t => _plc.WriteBytesAsync(area, db, startByteAdr, value, t),
+            _operationTimeout, $"block write of {area} db{db} @{startByteAdr}", cancellationToken);

    /// <inheritdoc />
-    public async Task ReadStatusAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
-        _ = await _plc.ReadStatusAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+    public Task ReadStatusAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
+        S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+            t => _plc.ReadStatusAsync(t), _operationTimeout, "status read", cancellationToken);

    /// <inheritdoc />
    // Plc implements IDisposable explicitly, so cast to invoke it; disposal tears down the TcpClient.
@@ -1287,7 +1287,9 @@ public sealed class S7Driver
    ///     True when <paramref name="ex"/> (or any inner exception) is a socket-level / connection
    ///     loss OR an ISO-on-TCP framing/desync fault that a reopen can repair — a
    ///     <see cref="System.Net.Sockets.SocketException"/> / <see cref="System.IO.IOException"/> /
-    ///     <see cref="ObjectDisposedException"/>; an S7.Net framing violation
+    ///     <see cref="ObjectDisposedException"/>; a <see cref="TimeoutException"/> from a wire op that
+    ///     blew its <see cref="S7OperationDeadline"/> wall-clock ceiling (an unresponsive but still
+    ///     TCP-established peer — the READ-leg sibling of the connect-timeout fix, STAB-14); an S7.Net framing violation
    ///     (<see cref="TPKTInvalidException"/> / <see cref="TPDUInvalidException"/> /
    ///     <see cref="WrongNumberOfBytesException"/>); or a <see cref="PlcException"/> carrying
    ///     <see cref="ErrorCode.ConnectionError"/> or <see cref="ErrorCode.WrongNumberReceivedBytes"/>.
@@ -1314,6 +1316,13 @@ public sealed class S7Driver
        {
            if (e is System.Net.Sockets.SocketException or System.IO.IOException or ObjectDisposedException)
                return true;
+            // A wire op that blew its wall-clock deadline (S7OperationDeadline — the async read/write
+            // ceiling S7.Net's ignored socket ReadTimeout/WriteTimeout can't provide) means the
+            // connection is unresponsive: discard + reopen. This is the READ-leg sibling of the
+            // connect-timeout fix (STAB-14) — without it a frozen-but-established peer wedges the
+            // poll loop forever instead of surfacing Bad + reconnecting.
+            if (e is TimeoutException)
+                return true;
            // ISO-on-TCP framing/desync surface (STAB-15a): the stream position is untrustworthy —
            // a half-read PDU left by a timeout/cancellation makes every later response mis-frame.
            // NOTE: deliberately NOT System.IO.InvalidDataException — ReinterpretRawValue throws it
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Bounds a single S7 wire operation with a wall-clock deadline, surfacing an overrun as a
+///     <see cref="TimeoutException"/>.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+///     <para>
+///         S7.Net's <c>ReadTimeout</c> / <c>WriteTimeout</c> set the underlying
+///         <see cref="System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient"/>'s <c>ReceiveTimeout</c> / <c>SendTimeout</c>,
+///         which govern only <b>synchronous</b> socket calls — the <c>async</c> read/write paths
+///         S7.Net actually uses ignore them entirely. Without an explicit ceiling, a read on an
+///         established-but-frozen connection (a frozen PLC, a firewall DROP, or a cable pulled
+///         mid-flow — where the TCP session stays <i>open</i> but no reply ever arrives) blocks until
+///         the OS TCP stack gives up, which can be minutes. That silently wedges the driver's poll
+///         loop: no Bad tick, no reconnect — the STAB-14 "silently killed poll loop" failure, on the
+///         READ leg that the connect-timeout fix (<c>S7Driver.EnsureConnectedAsync</c>'s
+///         <c>CancelAfter</c>) never covered.
+///     </para>
+///     <para>
+///         The timed-out operation surfaces as a <see cref="TimeoutException"/>, which
+///         <c>S7Driver.IsS7ConnectionFatal</c> classifies connection-fatal → the handle is marked
+///         dead → the next <c>EnsureConnectedAsync</c> reopens. The end-to-end proof is the live gate
+///         <c>S7_1500ConnectTimeoutOutageTests</c> (a real snap7 sim frozen with <c>docker pause</c>).
+///     </para>
+/// </remarks>
+internal static class S7OperationDeadline
+{
+    /// <summary>Runs <paramref name="operation"/> under a <paramref name="timeout"/> wall-clock ceiling.</summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The operation result type.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="operation">The wire operation; receives a token cancelled at the deadline.</param>
+    /// <param name="timeout">The wall-clock ceiling for the operation.</param>
+    /// <param name="what">A short description of the operation for the timeout message (e.g. <c>read of 'DB1.DBW0'</c>).</param>
+    /// <param name="ct">The caller's cancellation token — its cancellation propagates as an <see cref="OperationCanceledException"/>, not a timeout.</param>
+    /// <returns>The operation result when it completes within the deadline.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="TimeoutException">The operation did not complete within <paramref name="timeout"/>.</exception>
+    public static async Task<T> RunAsync<T>(
+        Func<CancellationToken, Task<T>> operation, TimeSpan timeout, string what, CancellationToken ct)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(operation);
+        using var opCts = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(ct);
+        opCts.CancelAfter(timeout);
+        try
+        {
+            // WaitAsync guarantees control returns at the deadline even if the underlying op ignores
+            // its token; passing opCts.Token additionally lets an op that DOES honour cancellation
+            // unwind cleanly instead of leaking a wedged socket read behind an abandoned task.
+            return await operation(opCts.Token).WaitAsync(timeout, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        }
+        catch (TimeoutException)
+        {
+            // WaitAsync's own deadline fired (the op ignored the token).
+            throw new TimeoutException(FormatMessage(what, timeout));
+        }
+        catch (OperationCanceledException) when (opCts.IsCancellationRequested && !ct.IsCancellationRequested)
+        {
+            // OUR deadline fired and the op honoured opCts.Token — not the caller's cancellation.
+            throw new TimeoutException(FormatMessage(what, timeout));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Runs a result-less <paramref name="operation"/> under a <paramref name="timeout"/> wall-clock ceiling.</summary>
+    /// <param name="operation">The wire operation; receives a token cancelled at the deadline.</param>
+    /// <param name="timeout">The wall-clock ceiling for the operation.</param>
+    /// <param name="what">A short description of the operation for the timeout message.</param>
+    /// <param name="ct">The caller's cancellation token.</param>
+    /// <returns>A task that completes when the operation completes within the deadline.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="TimeoutException">The operation did not complete within <paramref name="timeout"/>.</exception>
+    public static Task RunAsync(
+        Func<CancellationToken, Task> operation, TimeSpan timeout, string what, CancellationToken ct)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(operation);
+        return RunAsync(
+            async token => { await operation(token).ConfigureAwait(false); return true; },
+            timeout, what, ct);
+    }
+
+    private static string FormatMessage(string what, TimeSpan timeout) =>
+        $"S7 {what} did not complete within {(int)timeout.TotalMilliseconds} ms.";
+}
@@ -27,7 +27,11 @@ public sealed record AbServerProfile(
 public static class KnownProfiles
 {
    /// <summary>Gets all known server profiles.</summary>
-    public static IReadOnlyList<AbServerProfile> All { get; } =
+    /// <remarks>Expression-bodied (evaluated on access) so it observes the
+    /// <c>static readonly</c> profile fields below after they are initialised;
+    /// a <c>{ get; } =</c> initialiser here runs in textual order — before those
+    /// fields — and would capture an all-null list.</remarks>
+    public static IReadOnlyList<AbServerProfile> All =>
        [ControlLogix, CompactLogix, Micro800, GuardLogix];

    /// <summary>Gets the ControlLogix profile.</summary>
@@ -17,6 +17,33 @@ namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip.Tests;
 [Trait("Category", "Unit")]
 public sealed class AbCipFactoryArrayTagTests
 {
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     A non-positive <c>TimeoutMs</c> clamps to the 2 s default rather than reaching libplctag's
+    ///     <c>Tag.Timeout</c> setter (which throws <see cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException"/> for a
+    ///     non-positive value, faulting every read/write). Driver timeout hardening.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData(0)]
+    [InlineData(-1)]
+    public void ParseOptions_clamps_non_positive_TimeoutMs_to_the_default(int timeoutMs)
+    {
+        var json = $$$"""{"TimeoutMs":{{{timeoutMs}}},"Probe":{"TimeoutMs":{{{timeoutMs}}}}}""";
+
+        var opts = AbCipDriverFactoryExtensions.ParseOptions("drv-1", json);
+
+        opts.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2_000));
+        opts.Timeout.ShouldBeGreaterThan(TimeSpan.Zero);
+        opts.Probe.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2_000));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A positive <c>TimeoutMs</c> is honoured verbatim.</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public void ParseOptions_honours_a_positive_TimeoutMs()
+    {
+        var opts = AbCipDriverFactoryExtensions.ParseOptions("drv-1", """{"TimeoutMs":500}""");
+        opts.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500));
+    }
+
    /// <summary>A driver-config tag declaring isArray/elementCount produces an array definition.</summary>
    [Fact]
    public void ParseOptions_threads_isArray_and_elementCount_into_tag_definition()
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+using libplctag;
+using Shouldly;
+using Xunit;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy.Tests;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Driver-timeout-hardening parity with AbCip: a read/write that fails with a non-zero libplctag
+///     status or a transport exception must EVICT the cached runtime so the next call re-creates a
+///     fresh handle — rather than returning the same failure forever until the probe loop happens to
+///     recycle it. Previously AbLegacy evicted on neither path (unlike AbCip).
+/// </summary>
+[Trait("Category", "Unit")]
+public sealed class AbLegacyEvictOnFailureTests
+{
+    private const string Device = "ab://10.0.0.5/1,0";
+
+    // Probe disabled — the probe loop also calls _tagFactory.Create, which would perturb the
+    // creation count these tests assert on.
+    private static (AbLegacyDriver drv, FakeAbLegacyTagFactory factory) NewDriver(params AbLegacyTagDefinition[] tags)
+    {
+        var factory = new FakeAbLegacyTagFactory();
+        var drv = new AbLegacyDriver(new AbLegacyDriverOptions
+        {
+            Devices = [new AbLegacyDeviceOptions(Device)],
+            Tags = tags,
+            Probe = new AbLegacyProbeOptions { Enabled = false },
+        }, "drv-1", factory);
+        return (drv, factory);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A non-zero libplctag status on read evicts the runtime; the next read creates a fresh handle and recovers.</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Read_nonzero_status_evicts_runtime_so_next_read_creates_fresh_handle()
+    {
+        var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(
+            new AbLegacyTagDefinition("Counter", Device, "N7:0", AbLegacyDataType.Int));
+        var callCount = 0;
+        factory.Customise = p =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            return callCount == 1
+                ? new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { Status = (int)Status.ErrorBadConnection }
+                : new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { Status = 0, Value = 42 };
+        };
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+
+        // First read — bad status → runtime evicted, no reuse.
+        var first = await drv.ReadAsync(["Counter"], CancellationToken.None);
+        first.Single().StatusCode.ShouldNotBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+
+        // Second read — fresh handle, succeeds.
+        var second = await drv.ReadAsync(["Counter"], CancellationToken.None);
+        second.Single().StatusCode.ShouldBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+        second.Single().Value.ShouldBe(42);
+        callCount.ShouldBe(2); // one failed handle + one fresh handle
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A transport exception on read evicts the runtime; the next read creates a fresh handle and recovers.</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Read_transport_exception_evicts_runtime_so_next_read_creates_fresh_handle()
+    {
+        var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(
+            new AbLegacyTagDefinition("Counter", Device, "N7:0", AbLegacyDataType.Int));
+        var callCount = 0;
+        factory.Customise = p =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            return callCount == 1
+                ? new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { ThrowOnRead = true, Exception = new System.Net.Sockets.SocketException() }
+                : new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { Status = 0, Value = 7 };
+        };
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+
+        var first = await drv.ReadAsync(["Counter"], CancellationToken.None);
+        first.Single().StatusCode.ShouldBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError);
+
+        var second = await drv.ReadAsync(["Counter"], CancellationToken.None);
+        second.Single().StatusCode.ShouldBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+        second.Single().Value.ShouldBe(7);
+        callCount.ShouldBe(2);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A non-zero libplctag status on write evicts the runtime; the next write creates a fresh handle and recovers.</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Write_nonzero_status_evicts_runtime_so_next_write_creates_fresh_handle()
+    {
+        var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(
+            new AbLegacyTagDefinition("Counter", Device, "N7:0", AbLegacyDataType.Int));
+        var callCount = 0;
+        factory.Customise = p =>
+        {
+            callCount++;
+            return callCount == 1
+                ? new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { Status = (int)Status.ErrorBadConnection }
+                : new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { Status = 0 };
+        };
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+
+        var first = await drv.WriteAsync([new WriteRequest("Counter", (short)5)], CancellationToken.None);
+        first.Single().StatusCode.ShouldNotBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+
+        var second = await drv.WriteAsync([new WriteRequest("Counter", (short)5)], CancellationToken.None);
+        second.Single().StatusCode.ShouldBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+        callCount.ShouldBe(2);
+    }
+}
@@ -415,7 +415,12 @@ class FocasMockServer:
        timer_type = self._block_u32(request_block, 8)
        key_map = {0: "power_on", 1: "operating", 2: "cutting", 3: "cycle"}
        seconds = int(self.store.snapshot()["timers"].get(key_map.get(timer_type, "power_on"), 0))
-        return self._u32(seconds // 60) + self._u32((seconds % 60) * 1000)
+        # cnc_rdtimer's minute+msec fields are LITTLE-endian on the wire — unlike the big-endian
+        # block envelope and every other payload. Hardware-validated against a live FANUC 31i-B
+        # (2026-06-25); the driver's FocasWireClient.ParseTimer decodes them little-endian. Encoding
+        # them big-endian here (the old bug) made the driver read minute=60 as 0x3C000000. See
+        # docs/plans/2026-06-25-focas-pdu-v3-30i-b-support.md.
+        return self._u32_le(seconds // 60) + self._u32_le((seconds % 60) * 1000)

    def _wire_alarms(self, request_block: bytes) -> bytes:
        requested = max(self._block_u32(request_block, 12), 1)
@@ -481,6 +486,11 @@ class FocasMockServer:
    def _u32(self, value: int) -> bytes:
        return int(value).to_bytes(4, "big", signed=True)

+    def _u32_le(self, value: int) -> bytes:
+        # Little-endian u32 — only cnc_rdtimer's minute/msec fields use this on real hardware
+        # (see _wire_timer). Every other wire field is big-endian via _u32.
+        return int(value).to_bytes(4, "little", signed=True)
+
    def _ascii_fixed(self, value: str, length: int) -> bytes:
        return value.encode("ascii", errors="replace")[:length].ljust(length, b" ")

@@ -29,6 +29,11 @@ public sealed class FocasSimFixture : IAsyncDisposable
    /// <summary>Gets the TCP port of the focas-mock simulator.</summary>
    public int Port { get; }

+    /// <summary>Gets the <c>focas://host:port</c> device URI the driver connects to — derived from
+    /// <see cref="Host"/>/<see cref="Port"/> so tests honour <c>OTOPCUA_FOCAS_SIM_ENDPOINT</c> (a remote
+    /// fixture on the Docker host) instead of assuming a localhost-colocated mock.</summary>
+    public string DeviceUri => $"focas://{Host}:{Port}";
+
    /// <summary>focas-mock profile stem the fixture should load (e.g. <c>fwlib30i64</c>,
    /// <c>ThirtyOne_i</c> — both resolve via the mock's alias table). Null when unset.</summary>
    public string? ExpectedProfile { get; }
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ public sealed class WireBackendCoverageTests
    /// <param name="fx">The FOCAS simulation fixture.</param>
    public WireBackendCoverageTests(FocasSimFixture fx) => _fx = fx;

-    private const string DeviceHost = "focas://127.0.0.1:8193";
+    // Derived from the fixture endpoint (OTOPCUA_FOCAS_SIM_ENDPOINT) so the driver dials the SAME
+    // mock the fixture probed — a remote fixture on the Docker host, not a hardcoded 127.0.0.1.
+    private string DeviceHost => _fx.DeviceUri;

    /// <summary>Verifies that user tag reads route via the wire backend.</summary>
    [Fact]
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ public sealed class WireBackendTests
    /// <param name="fx">The FOCAS simulator fixture.</param>
    public WireBackendTests(FocasSimFixture fx) => _fx = fx;

-    private const string DeviceHost = "focas://127.0.0.1:8193";
+    // Derived from the fixture endpoint (OTOPCUA_FOCAS_SIM_ENDPOINT) so the driver dials the SAME
+    // mock the fixture probed — a remote fixture on the Docker host, not a hardcoded 127.0.0.1.
+    private string DeviceHost => _fx.DeviceUri;

    /// <summary>Verifies that identity axes and dynamic data populate via the wire backend.</summary>
    [Fact]
@@ -57,6 +57,40 @@ public sealed class FocasFactoryConfigTests
        drv.Options.Devices[0].Series.ShouldBe(FocasCncSeries.Thirty_i);
    }

+    // ---- Driver timeout hardening: a non-positive TimeoutMs must not disable the per-call ceiling ----
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     A misconfigured <c>TimeoutMs: 0</c> (or negative) must clamp to the 2 s default, NOT map to
+    ///     <see cref="TimeSpan.Zero"/> — a zero/negative <c>Timeout</c> makes <c>SynchronizedFocasClient</c>
+    ///     disable its per-call wall-clock ceiling, reintroducing the unbounded-read-on-a-frozen-peer
+    ///     wedge the S7 R2-01 read-leg fix eliminated. Guards the factory clamp.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData(0)]
+    [InlineData(-1)]
+    [InlineData(-5000)]
+    public void CreateInstance_clamps_non_positive_TimeoutMs_to_the_default(int timeoutMs)
+    {
+        var json = $$$"""{"Backend":"unimplemented","TimeoutMs":{{{timeoutMs}}},"Probe":{"TimeoutMs":{{{timeoutMs}}}}}""";
+
+        var drv = FocasDriverFactoryExtensions.CreateInstance("drv-1", json);
+
+        drv.Options.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2_000));
+        drv.Options.Timeout.ShouldBeGreaterThan(TimeSpan.Zero);
+        drv.Options.Probe.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2_000));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A positive <c>TimeoutMs</c> is honoured verbatim (the clamp only rewrites non-positive values).</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public void CreateInstance_honours_a_positive_TimeoutMs()
+    {
+        const string json = """{"Backend":"unimplemented","TimeoutMs":750}""";
+
+        var drv = FocasDriverFactoryExtensions.CreateInstance("drv-1", json);
+
+        drv.Options.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(750));
+    }
+
    /// <summary>Verifies that the AlarmProjection configuration section is mapped to driver options.</summary>
    [Fact]
    public void CreateInstance_maps_AlarmProjection_section_onto_options()
@@ -26,24 +26,23 @@ public sealed class GatewayTagProvisionerTests
        Assert.NotNull(fake.LastEnsureDefinitions);
        Assert.Equal(2, fake.LastEnsureDefinitions!.Count);
        Assert.Equal(HistorianDataType.Float, fake.LastEnsureDefinitions[0].DataType);
-        Assert.Equal(HistorianDataType.Int1, fake.LastEnsureDefinitions[1].DataType);
+        Assert.Equal(HistorianDataType.Int2, fake.LastEnsureDefinitions[1].DataType);
        Assert.Equal(2, result.Requested);
        Assert.Equal(0, result.Skipped);
    }

    /// <summary>
-    /// archreview 06/U-7 — pins the 0.2.0 Boolean→Int1 provisioning semantics at TWO levels. The
-    /// 0.1.0→0.2.0 client bump made <c>HistorianTagDefinition.DataType</c> proto3-optional (explicit
-    /// presence): under 0.1.0 the provisioner's <c>Int1</c> (wire 0) was indistinguishable from unset,
-    /// so the gateway defaulted Boolean tags to Float; under 0.2.0 the same call carries explicit
-    /// presence and provisions Int1 (the intended behavior). Asserting BOTH the mapped type AND
-    /// <c>HasDataType</c> compile-pins the package floor (the <c>HasDataType</c>/<c>ClearDataType</c>
-    /// members exist only on the 0.2.0 proto3-optional contract — a downgrade breaks the build) and
-    /// assert-pins that the provisioner always sends explicit presence (a future contract change that
-    /// stopped sending it would break the assert). This is a pin, not a fix — it passes on current code.
+    /// Pins the Boolean→Int2 provisioning semantics at TWO levels. Boolean maps to <c>Int2</c> because
+    /// the historian's <c>Int1</c> analog-tag creation path is server-degenerate — <c>EnsureTags(Int1)</c>
+    /// stores an unusable stub (issue #441 / HistorianGateway #11) — so Boolean historizes as a small 0/1
+    /// integer. Asserting BOTH the mapped type AND <c>HasDataType</c> compile-pins the package floor (the
+    /// <c>HasDataType</c>/<c>ClearDataType</c> members exist only on the 0.2.0+ proto3-optional contract —
+    /// a downgrade breaks the build) and assert-pins that the provisioner always sends explicit presence
+    /// (a future contract change that stopped sending it would default the tag to the SDK's Float and
+    /// break this assert). This is a pin, not a fix — it passes on current code.
    /// </summary>
    [Fact]
-    public async Task Boolean_definition_carries_explicit_Int1_presence()
+    public async Task Boolean_definition_carries_explicit_Int2_presence()
    {
        var fake = new FakeHistorianGatewayClient { EnsureTagsResult = new TagOperationResults() };
        var p = Provisioner(fake);
@@ -54,9 +53,9 @@ public sealed class GatewayTagProvisionerTests

        var defs = fake.LastEnsureDefinitions!;
        Assert.Single(defs);
-        Assert.Equal(HistorianDataType.Int1, defs[0].DataType);
-        // 0.2.0 proto3-optional presence witness — explicit presence is what flips the gateway from its
-        // SDK-default Float to the requested Int1. Without this, a Boolean tag would provision as Float.
+        Assert.Equal(HistorianDataType.Int2, defs[0].DataType);
+        // proto3-optional presence witness — explicit presence is what flips the gateway from its
+        // SDK-default Float to the requested Int2. Without this, a Boolean tag would provision as Float.
        Assert.True(defs[0].HasDataType);
    }

@@ -255,25 +255,26 @@ public sealed class GatewayLiveIntegrationTests(GatewayLiveFixture fixture) : IC
    }

    /// <summary>
-    ///     archreview 06/U-7 — Boolean provisioning leg on the 0.2.0 contract. Through the <b>real</b>
+    ///     issue #441 — Boolean historization leg. Through the <b>real</b>
    ///     <see cref="GatewayTagProvisioner"/>, <c>EnsureTags</c> a <see cref="DriverDataType.Boolean"/>
-    ///     request for the dedicated Boolean sandbox tag (mapped to <c>Int1</c> with explicit proto3
-    ///     presence), assert it is ensured (not failed), then <c>WriteLiveValues</c> a <c>1.0</c> and read
-    ///     it back over a wide window. This retires "the live EnsureTags leg has never run on 0.2.0" for
-    ///     the Boolean path. The ±12h read window + timezone caveat mirror <see cref="Write_then_read_on_sandbox_tag"/>.
+    ///     request for the dedicated Boolean sandbox tag (mapped to <c>Int2</c> — the historian's
+    ///     <c>Int1</c> analog-tag creation path is server-degenerate, see issue #441 / HistorianGateway
+    ///     #11, so Boolean historizes as a small 0/1 integer), assert it is ensured (not failed), then
+    ///     <c>WriteLiveValues</c> a <c>1.0</c> and read it back over a wide window. The ±12h read window
+    ///     + timezone caveat mirror <see cref="Write_then_read_on_sandbox_tag"/>.
    /// </summary>
    [Fact]
    [Trait("Category", "LiveIntegration")]
-    public async Task EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int1()
+    public async Task EnsureTags_boolean_sandbox_provisions_as_Int2()
    {
        if (_fx.NotConfigured) Assert.Skip(_fx.SkipReason!);
        if (_fx.BoolSandboxTag is null)
-            Assert.Skip("Skipped: set HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG to a writable Boolean sandbox tag (e.g. HistGW.LiveTest.BoolSandbox) to run the 0.2.0 Boolean EnsureTags leg.");
+            Assert.Skip("Skipped: set HISTGW_BOOL_SANDBOX_TAG to a writable Boolean sandbox tag (e.g. HistGW.LiveTest.BoolSandbox) to run the Boolean historization leg.");

        var ct = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
        var tag = _fx.BoolSandboxTag;

-        // EnsureTags (Boolean → Int1) through the REAL provisioner seam (the same code path deploys use).
+        // EnsureTags (Boolean → Int2) through the REAL provisioner seam (the same code path deploys use).
        await using var writeClient = _fx.CreateClient();
        var provisioner = new GatewayTagProvisioner(writeClient, NullLogger<GatewayTagProvisioner>.Instance);
        var provision = await provisioner.EnsureTagsAsync(
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ public sealed class GatewayLiveIntegrationTests(GatewayLiveFixture fixture) : IC
            ct);

        provision.Ensured.ShouldBe(1,
-            "the Boolean sandbox tag must be ensured (needs the gateway on 0.2.0 contracts + an API key carrying historian:tags:write).");
+            "the Boolean sandbox tag must be ensured as Int2 (needs the gateway on 0.2.0+ contracts + an API key carrying historian:tags:write).");
        provision.Failed.ShouldBe(0);

        // WriteLiveValues a Boolean-as-1.0 and read it back (SQL live path can lag a flush cadence → poll).
@@ -308,14 +309,16 @@ public sealed class GatewayLiveIntegrationTests(GatewayLiveFixture fixture) : IC

        hit.ShouldNotBeNull($"the written Boolean sample ({written}) should read back from '{tag}'.");
        TestContext.Current.SendDiagnosticMessage(
-            $"Boolean round-trip: EnsureTags(Int1) + WriteLiveValues '{tag}'={written} → read back at {hit!.SourceTimestampUtc:O}.");
+            $"Boolean round-trip: EnsureTags(Int2) + WriteLiveValues '{tag}'={written} → read back at {hit!.SourceTimestampUtc:O}.");
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     archreview 06/U-7 retype probe — answers the assessment note's open question: what does the
    ///     deployed AVEVA Historian do when <c>EnsureTags</c> (an <b>upsert</b>) is asked to change an
    ///     existing tag's type? Against the <b>dedicated Boolean sandbox tag only</b> (never the shared
-    ///     Float write sandbox), EnsureTags first as <c>Float</c> then as <c>Int1</c> and assert the second
+    ///     Float write sandbox), EnsureTags first as <c>Float</c> then as <c>Int2</c> (both supported
+    ///     analog types — <c>Int2</c> is the type Boolean now historizes as; the previously-probed
+    ///     <c>Int1</c> is a documented server-degenerate exclusion, issue #441) and assert the second
    ///     call's per-tag outcome is <em>deterministic and observable</em> — either <c>Success=true</c>
    ///     (retype / tag-versioning accepted) or <c>Success=false</c> with a non-empty <c>Error</c> (mapped
    ///     to the provisioner's <c>failed</c> tally). The assertion accepts both because the contract
@@ -336,7 +339,7 @@ public sealed class GatewayLiveIntegrationTests(GatewayLiveFixture fixture) : IC

        await using var client = _fx.CreateClient();

-        // First establish the tag as Float, then ask EnsureTags to retype it to Int1 (Boolean).
+        // First establish the tag as Float, then ask EnsureTags to retype it to Int2.
        await client.EnsureTagsAsync(
            new[]
            {
@@ -357,9 +360,9 @@ public sealed class GatewayLiveIntegrationTests(GatewayLiveFixture fixture) : IC
                new HistorianTagDefinition
                {
                    TagName = tag,
-                    DataType = HistorianDataType.Int1,
+                    DataType = HistorianDataType.Int2,
                    EngineeringUnit = string.Empty,
-                    Description = "OtOpcUa live validation retype probe (stage 2: Int1)",
+                    Description = "OtOpcUa live validation retype probe (stage 2: Int2)",
                    StorageRateMs = 1000, // 0 makes the gateway's EnsureTags throw (storageRateMs must be > 0).
                },
            },
@@ -372,7 +375,7 @@ public sealed class GatewayLiveIntegrationTests(GatewayLiveFixture fixture) : IC
            "or Success=false with a non-empty Error (mapped to the provisioner's failed tally).");

        TestContext.Current.SendDiagnosticMessage(
-            $"retype probe '{tag}' Float→Int1: Success={outcome.Success}, Error='{outcome.Error}'. " +
+            $"retype probe '{tag}' Float→Int2: Success={outcome.Success}, Error='{outcome.Error}'. " +
            "(records the deployed historian's in-place analog-retype policy — feed this back into docs/Historian.md).");
    }
 }
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.Gateway.Tests.Mapping;
 public sealed class HistorianTypeMapperTests
 {
    [Theory]
-    [InlineData(DriverDataType.Boolean, HistorianDataType.Int1)]
+    [InlineData(DriverDataType.Boolean, HistorianDataType.Int2)]  // Int1 analog-tag creation is server-degenerate (issue #441) → store 0/1
    [InlineData(DriverDataType.Int16,   HistorianDataType.Int2)]
    [InlineData(DriverDataType.Int32,   HistorianDataType.Int4)]
    [InlineData(DriverDataType.Int64,   HistorianDataType.Int8)]
@@ -48,6 +48,31 @@ service + starting another. The integration tests discriminate by a
 separate `MODBUS_SIM_PROFILE` env var so they skip correctly when the
 wrong profile is live.

+> **⚠️ Profile-cycling gotcha (bit us in the 2026-07 sweep — see
+> `archreview/plans/INTEGRATION-SWEEP-STATUS.md`).** Each profile is a
+> *separate compose service* selected by `--profile`, so a plain
+> `docker compose down` (no `--profile`) does **not** stop the
+> currently-running profile container — it keeps holding `:5020`. Start
+> another profile and the new container silently fails to bind the port
+> (compose still reports "Started"); every test then hits the **stale**
+> profile's data and fails with wrong values / Illegal-Data-Address. The
+> symptom is deceptive: reads succeed but return the previous profile's
+> seed (e.g. Mitsubishi's `D0` reads DL205's `0xCAFE`). Always tear the
+> old container down **by name / with its profile** before bringing up the
+> next, and verify the new container actually published `:5020`:
+>
+> ```bash
+> # reliable cycle (force-remove ALL modbus containers, then bring one up)
+> docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq --filter name=otopcua-modbus --filter name=otopcua-pymodbus)
+> docker compose --profile <profile> up -d --force-recreate
+> docker ps --filter name=otopcua --format '{{.Names}}  {{.Ports}}'   # MUST show 0.0.0.0:5020->5020
+> ```
+>
+> The `exception_injection` service uses a different container name
+> (`otopcua-modbus-exception-injector`, not `otopcua-pymodbus-*`), so a
+> name-filtered `docker rm` that only matches `otopcua-pymodbus` will miss
+> it — the `--force-recreate` above covers that case.
+
 ### Profile coverage matrix

 The two general-purpose profiles cover disjoint test sets. A full pass
@@ -63,6 +63,40 @@ public sealed class S7DriverReconnectTests
        factory.Created[1].Disposed.ShouldBeFalse();
    }

+    /// <summary>
+    ///     R2-01 read-leg gate. A <see cref="TimeoutException"/> — what <c>S7OperationDeadline</c>
+    ///     raises when a wire read blows its wall-clock ceiling on an established-but-frozen peer
+    ///     (the async read S7.Net's ignored socket <c>ReadTimeout</c> can't bound) — is classified
+    ///     connection-fatal: the handle is marked dead and the NEXT read reopens a fresh connection,
+    ///     exactly like a socket drop. Before the fix a read-timeout was NOT fatal, so the wedged
+    ///     handle was reused and the poll loop never recovered (<c>Created.Count</c> pinned at 1).
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Read_reopens_after_a_wire_operation_timeout()
+    {
+        var factory = new FakeS7PlcFactory();
+        using var drv = new S7Driver(Options(), "s7-read-timeout-fatal", factory);
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        factory.Created.Count.ShouldBe(1);
+
+        // The next read blows its deadline — surfaces as a TimeoutException, the shape
+        // S7OperationDeadline raises for a frozen-but-established peer.
+        factory.Created[0].NextReadThrows = new TimeoutException("S7 read of 'DB1.DBW0' did not complete within 250 ms.");
+
+        // Read #1 — timeout → Degraded, handle marked dead, no reopen yet.
+        var bad = await drv.ReadAsync(["W0"], TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        bad[0].StatusCode.ShouldNotBe(0u);
+        drv.GetHealth().State.ShouldBe(DriverState.Degraded);
+        factory.Created.Count.ShouldBe(1);
+
+        // Read #2 — disposes the dead handle, opens a SECOND connection, reads Good, recovers.
+        var recovered = await drv.ReadAsync(["W0"], TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        recovered[0].StatusCode.ShouldBe(0u);
+        drv.GetHealth().State.ShouldBe(DriverState.Healthy);
+        factory.Created.Count.ShouldBe(2);
+        factory.Created[0].Disposed.ShouldBeTrue();
+    }
+
    /// <summary>
    ///     A protocol / data-address error (S7.Net <see cref="ErrorCode.ReadData"/>) is NOT a
    ///     connection loss — the driver keeps the same connection and does not churn a reopen.
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using Shouldly;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7.Tests;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     Unit tests for <see cref="S7OperationDeadline"/> — the wall-clock ceiling that bounds every
+///     S7 async wire op (R2-01 read-leg gate). Async S7.Net reads/writes ignore the socket
+///     ReadTimeout/WriteTimeout, so a frozen-but-established peer would otherwise block for minutes;
+///     these pin the deadline behaviour without a live PLC.
+/// </summary>
+[Trait("Category", "Unit")]
+public sealed class S7OperationDeadlineTests
+{
+    private static readonly TimeSpan ShortTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(150);
+
+    /// <summary>An operation that completes within the deadline returns its value untouched.</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Completes_within_deadline_returns_value()
+    {
+        var result = await S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+            _ => Task.FromResult(42), ShortTimeout, "read", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        result.ShouldBe(42);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     An operation that ignores its token and never completes is cut at the deadline and
+    ///     surfaces a <see cref="TimeoutException"/> — the frozen-established-peer shape. Uses a bare
+    ///     <see cref="TaskCompletionSource"/> that never completes, so the token is genuinely ignored.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Token_ignoring_hang_times_out()
+    {
+        var neverCompletes = new TaskCompletionSource<int>().Task;
+        var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+
+        var ex = await Should.ThrowAsync<TimeoutException>(async () =>
+            await S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+                _ => neverCompletes, ShortTimeout, "read of 'DB1.DBW0'", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
+
+        sw.Elapsed.ShouldBeLessThan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
+        ex.Message.ShouldContain("did not complete within 150 ms");
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     An operation that honours its token (the well-behaved async-read case) is cancelled at the
+    ///     deadline; the resulting cancellation is normalised to a <see cref="TimeoutException"/>,
+    ///     NOT surfaced as an <see cref="OperationCanceledException"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Token_honouring_hang_times_out_as_timeout_not_cancel()
+    {
+        await Should.ThrowAsync<TimeoutException>(async () =>
+            await S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+                async token =>
+                {
+                    await Task.Delay(Timeout.Infinite, token);
+                    return 0;
+                },
+                ShortTimeout, "read", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Caller cancellation (as opposed to the deadline firing) propagates as an
+    ///     <see cref="OperationCanceledException"/> — the deadline wrapper must not swallow genuine
+    ///     cancellation into a timeout.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Caller_cancellation_propagates_as_operation_cancelled()
+    {
+        using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
+        cts.CancelAfter(50);
+
+        // A long deadline so the CALLER token fires first, not the internal deadline.
+        await Should.ThrowAsync<OperationCanceledException>(async () =>
+            await S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+                async token =>
+                {
+                    await Task.Delay(Timeout.Infinite, token);
+                    return 0;
+                },
+                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30), "read", cts.Token));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>The result-less overload also bounds a hang and surfaces a <see cref="TimeoutException"/>.</summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Resultless_overload_times_out()
+    {
+        var neverCompletes = new TaskCompletionSource().Task;
+        await Should.ThrowAsync<TimeoutException>(async () =>
+            await S7OperationDeadline.RunAsync(
+                _ => neverCompletes, ShortTimeout, "write of 'DB1.DBW0'", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
+    }
+}
@@ -138,6 +138,59 @@ public sealed class ConfigComposerTests : ControlPlaneActorTestBase
        node.DeviceHost.ShouldBe("10.9.9.9:8193");
    }

+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Verifies that a <see cref="DriverInstance"/>'s per-instance <c>ResilienceConfig</c> override
+    ///     survives the real <see cref="ConfigComposer.SnapshotAndFlattenAsync"/> →
+    ///     <see cref="DeploymentArtifact.ParseDriverInstances(ReadOnlySpan{byte})"/> seam (arch-review
+    ///     follow-up #10 sub-gap). The composer serialises the whole entity, so the override rides the
+    ///     artifact into <c>DriverInstanceSpec.ResilienceConfig</c> — which <c>DriverHostActor</c> layers
+    ///     onto the driver's Polly pipeline. Guards the one leg the hand-rolled
+    ///     <c>DeploymentArtifactTests.ParseDriverInstances_carries_ResilienceConfig_onto_the_spec</c>
+    ///     cannot: if the composer ever stopped emitting the column (a projection, a <c>[JsonIgnore]</c>),
+    ///     authored resilience policy would silently revert to tier defaults in production while the
+    ///     hand-built artifact tests stayed green.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ResilienceConfig_survives_ConfigComposer_to_ParseDriverInstances_round_trip()
+    {
+        const string resilienceJson =
+            "{\"capabilityPolicies\":{\"Read\":{\"timeoutSeconds\":5,\"retryCount\":7,\"breakerFailureThreshold\":3}}}";
+
+        var f = NewInMemoryDbFactory();
+        await using (var db = f.CreateDbContext())
+        {
+            db.ServerClusters.Add(NewCluster("c1"));
+            db.Namespaces.Add(new Namespace
+            {
+                NamespaceId = "ns-eq", ClusterId = "c1",
+                Kind = NamespaceKind.Equipment, NamespaceUri = "urn:eq",
+            });
+            db.DriverInstances.Add(new DriverInstance
+            {
+                DriverInstanceId = "drv-1", ClusterId = "c1", NamespaceId = "ns-eq",
+                Name = "Modbus", DriverType = "Modbus", DriverConfig = "{}",
+                ResilienceConfig = resilienceJson,
+            });
+            // A second instance with no override proves the null case rides the same real composer path.
+            db.DriverInstances.Add(new DriverInstance
+            {
+                DriverInstanceId = "drv-2", ClusterId = "c1", NamespaceId = "ns-eq",
+                Name = "Modbus2", DriverType = "Modbus", DriverConfig = "{}",
+            });
+            await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        }
+
+        await using var readDb = f.CreateDbContext();
+        var artifact = await ConfigComposer.SnapshotAndFlattenAsync(readDb);
+        var specs = DeploymentArtifact.ParseDriverInstances(artifact.Blob);
+
+        var withOverride = specs.Single(s => s.DriverInstanceId == "drv-1");
+        withOverride.ResilienceConfig.ShouldBe(resilienceJson, "the authored override must ride the artifact byte-for-byte");
+
+        var withoutOverride = specs.Single(s => s.DriverInstanceId == "drv-2");
+        withoutOverride.ResilienceConfig.ShouldBeNull("an unset override stays null ⇒ tier defaults at spawn");
+    }
+
    private static readonly DateTime FixedTimestamp = new(2026, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);

    private static ServerCluster NewCluster(string id) => new()
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ public sealed class DeployHappyPathTests
    public async Task StartDeployment_seals_after_both_nodes_apply()
    {
        await using var harness = await TwoNodeClusterHarness.StartAsync();
+        await harness.SeedDefaultClusterAsync();

        await using var scope = harness.NodeA.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
        var client = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IAdminOperationsClient>();
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ public sealed class DeployHappyPathTests
    public async Task Replaying_dispatch_to_same_revision_is_idempotent_no_op()
    {
        await using var harness = await TwoNodeClusterHarness.StartAsync();
+        await harness.SeedDefaultClusterAsync();

        await using var scope = harness.NodeA.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
        var client = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IAdminOperationsClient>();
@@ -218,8 +218,10 @@ public sealed class DriverReconnectE2eTests
            Name = "Reconnect E2E Cluster",
            Enterprise = "zb",
            Site = "central",
-            NodeCount = 1,
-            RedundancyMode = RedundancyMode.None,
+            // Both harness nodes are Enabled driver members, so NodeCount must be 2 (Warm) to
+            // satisfy the ClusterEnabledNodeCountMismatch validator + the SQL CHECK constraint.
+            NodeCount = 2,
+            RedundancyMode = RedundancyMode.Warm,
            CreatedBy = "test",
        });

@@ -240,6 +242,18 @@ public sealed class DriverReconnectE2eTests
            CreatedBy = "test",
        });

+        // The harness runs BOTH nodes as driver members, so the deployment records a
+        // NodeDeploymentState for node B too — seed its ClusterNode row so the real-SQL FK
+        // (FK_NodeDeploymentState_ClusterNode_NodeId) resolves. (In-memory ignores FKs.)
+        db.ClusterNodes.Add(new ClusterNode
+        {
+            NodeId = harness.NodeBNodeId,
+            ClusterId = ClusterId,
+            Host = TwoNodeClusterHarness.LoopbackHost,
+            ApplicationUri = "urn:zb:reconnect-e2e:node-b",
+            CreatedBy = "test",
+        });
+
        db.DriverInstances.Add(new DriverInstance
        {
            DriverInstanceId = DriverId,
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Commons.Messages.Admin;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration.Entities;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration.Enums;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration.Validation;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime.Drivers;

 namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests;
@@ -28,19 +29,28 @@ public sealed class EquipmentNamespaceMaterializationTests
 {
    private static CancellationToken Ct => TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;

+    // Equipment.EquipmentId must equal DraftValidator.DeriveEquipmentId(EquipmentUuid) — the
+    // 'EquipmentIdNotDerived' rule (EquipmentId = 'EQ-' + first 12 hex of the UUID). A fixed UUID
+    // keeps the derived id stable for the assertions below.
+    private static readonly Guid EquipmentUuid = Guid.Parse("11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111");
+    private static readonly string EquipmentId = DraftValidator.DeriveEquipmentId(EquipmentUuid); // EQ-111111111111
+
    /// <summary>Verifies a deployed Equipment namespace carries its signal into the composed artifact.</summary>
    [Fact]
    public async Task Deploying_an_equipment_namespace_carries_the_signal_into_the_artifact()
    {
        await using var harness = await TwoNodeClusterHarness.StartAsync();

+        // Seed the parent ServerCluster + ClusterNode rows the SQL FKs require (the c1 config below
+        // FKs to ServerCluster; on the in-memory provider this is unnecessary — FKs aren't enforced).
+        await harness.SeedDefaultClusterAsync("c1");
        await SeedEquipmentNamespaceAsync(harness);

        await using var scope = harness.NodeA.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
        var client = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IAdminOperationsClient>();

        var result = await client.StartDeploymentAsync(createdBy: "alice@test", Ct);
-        result.Outcome.ShouldBe(StartDeploymentOutcome.Accepted);
+        result.Outcome.ShouldBe(StartDeploymentOutcome.Accepted, $"Deploy not accepted: {result.Message}");
        var deploymentId = result.DeploymentId!.Value.Value;

        // The artifact is composed + persisted at dispatch time; assert on it without waiting for
@@ -65,13 +75,13 @@ public sealed class EquipmentNamespaceMaterializationTests
        // ParseComposition extracted it as an EquipmentTag with FullName pulled from TagConfig.
        var tag = composition.EquipmentTags.ShouldHaveSingleItem();
        tag.TagId.ShouldBe("tag-speed");
-        tag.EquipmentId.ShouldBe("eq-1");
+        tag.EquipmentId.ShouldBe(EquipmentId);
        tag.Name.ShouldBe("Speed");
        tag.DataType.ShouldBe("Float");
        tag.FullName.ShouldBe("40001");

        // The equipment folder browses by its friendly UNS Name, not the MachineCode.
-        composition.EquipmentNodes.ShouldContain(e => e.EquipmentId == "eq-1" && e.DisplayName == "station-1");
+        composition.EquipmentNodes.ShouldContain(e => e.EquipmentId == EquipmentId && e.DisplayName == "station-1");
        composition.UnsAreas.ShouldContain(a => a.UnsAreaId == "nw-area-filling" && a.DisplayName == "filling");
        composition.UnsLines.ShouldContain(l => l.UnsLineId == "nw-line-1" && l.DisplayName == "line-1");
    }
@@ -95,12 +105,13 @@ public sealed class EquipmentNamespaceMaterializationTests
        db.UnsLines.Add(new UnsLine { UnsLineId = "nw-line-1", UnsAreaId = "nw-area-filling", Name = "line-1" });
        db.Equipment.Add(new Equipment
        {
-            EquipmentId = "eq-1", DriverInstanceId = "drv-modbus", UnsLineId = "nw-line-1",
+            EquipmentId = EquipmentId, EquipmentUuid = EquipmentUuid,
+            DriverInstanceId = "drv-modbus", UnsLineId = "nw-line-1",
            Name = "station-1", MachineCode = "STATION_001",
        });
        db.Tags.Add(new Tag
        {
-            TagId = "tag-speed", DriverInstanceId = "drv-modbus", EquipmentId = "eq-1",
+            TagId = "tag-speed", DriverInstanceId = "drv-modbus", EquipmentId = EquipmentId,
            Name = "Speed", DataType = "Float", AccessLevel = TagAccessLevel.Read,
            TagConfig = "{\"FullName\":\"40001\"}",
        });
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ public sealed class FailoverDuringDeployTests
        // dispatch time — when only node A is Up, only one ApplyAck is expected and the
        // deployment seals without B ever participating.
        await using var harness = await TwoNodeClusterHarness.StartAsync();
+        await harness.SeedDefaultClusterAsync();

        await harness.StopNodeBAsync();
        await harness.WaitForClusterSizeAsync(1, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ public sealed class FleetDiagnosticsRoundTripTests
    public async Task GetDiagnostics_after_deploy_reports_current_revision()
    {
        await using var harness = await TwoNodeClusterHarness.StartAsync();
+        await harness.SeedDefaultClusterAsync();

        await using var scope = harness.NodeA.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
        var adminOps = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IAdminOperationsClient>();
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
+using Shouldly;
+using Xunit;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.Auth.Abstractions.Roles;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.OpcUa;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Security.Ldap;
+using LdapTransport = ZB.MOM.WW.Auth.Abstractions.Ldap.LdapTransport;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests;
+
+/// <summary>
+///     R2-08 03/S2 LIVE gate — the directory-outage circuit exercised against a REAL GLAuth server
+///     (the image + config PR #451 swapped in for the retired bitnami/openldap), driven through the
+///     production auth path (<see cref="OtOpcUaLdapAuthService"/> + <see cref="LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator"/>).
+///     The offline <see cref="LdapAuthResilienceTests"/> prove the circuit logic with fakes + an
+///     unroutable-host blackhole; this proves the same behaviour against an actual directory that is
+///     paused mid-run (a real outage) and unpaused (recovery), and doubles as the first end-to-end
+///     verification that the GLAuth swap binds correctly.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+///     Triple-gated so it never runs by accident and always restores the shared GLAuth:
+///     <list type="number">
+///         <item><c>GLAUTH_LIVE_HOST</c> — the GLAuth host (e.g. <c>10.100.0.35</c>); absent ⇒ skip;</item>
+///         <item><c>GLAUTH_OUTAGE_START_CMD</c> — pauses the GLAuth container (a real outage); and</item>
+///         <item><c>GLAUTH_OUTAGE_STOP_CMD</c> — unpauses it.</item>
+///     </list>
+///     A <c>try/finally</c> ALWAYS runs the stop command once the pause succeeded. Operator recipe:
+///     <code>
+///     ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "cd ~/otopcua-harness &amp;&amp; docker compose up -d ldap"
+///     export GLAUTH_LIVE_HOST=10.100.0.35
+///     export GLAUTH_OUTAGE_START_CMD='ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "docker pause otopcua-harness-ldap-1"'
+///     export GLAUTH_OUTAGE_STOP_CMD='ssh dohertj2@10.100.0.35 "docker unpause otopcua-harness-ldap-1"'
+///     dotnet test tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests --filter "FullyQualifiedName~LdapGlauthOutageLive"
+///     </code>
+/// </remarks>
+[Trait("Category", "Integration")]
+[Trait("Category", "LiveLdap")]
+public sealed class LdapGlauthOutageLiveTests
+{
+    private const string HostEnvVar = "GLAUTH_LIVE_HOST";
+    private const string PortEnvVar = "GLAUTH_LIVE_PORT";
+    private const string StartCmdEnvVar = "GLAUTH_OUTAGE_START_CMD";
+    private const string StopCmdEnvVar = "GLAUTH_OUTAGE_STOP_CMD";
+
+    private const int OutageThreshold = 3;
+    private const int CooldownSeconds = 2;
+    private static readonly TimeSpan AuthTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2_500);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Healthy real binds succeed; pausing GLAuth makes consecutive binds fail bounded (never a
+    ///     multi-second SDK stall) and opens the circuit into a sub-second fast-deny; unpausing +
+    ///     cooldown lets a half-open probe close the circuit and binds succeed again.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Real_glauth_outage_opens_circuit_then_recovers_on_unpause()
+    {
+        var host = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(HostEnvVar);
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(host))
+            Assert.Skip($"Set {HostEnvVar} (+ {StartCmdEnvVar}/{StopCmdEnvVar}) to run the live GLAuth outage cycle.");
+        var port = int.TryParse(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(PortEnvVar), out var p) ? p : 3894;
+        var startCmd = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(StartCmdEnvVar);
+        var stopCmd = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(StopCmdEnvVar);
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(startCmd) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(stopCmd))
+            Assert.Skip($"Set both {StartCmdEnvVar} and {StopCmdEnvVar} (docker pause/unpause) to run this destructive live test.");
+
+        var ct = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+        var options = new LdapOptions
+        {
+            Enabled = true,
+            DevStubMode = false,
+            Server = host!,
+            Port = port,
+            Transport = LdapTransport.None,
+            AllowInsecure = true,
+            SearchBase = "dc=zb,dc=local",
+            ServiceAccountDn = "cn=serviceaccount,dc=zb,dc=local",
+            ServiceAccountPassword = "serviceaccount123",
+            ConnectionTimeoutMs = 2_000,
+            AuthTimeoutMs = (int)AuthTimeout.TotalMilliseconds,
+            OutageFailureThreshold = OutageThreshold,
+            OutageCooldownSeconds = CooldownSeconds,
+        };
+        var authenticator = BuildAuthenticator(options);
+
+        // ── 1. Healthy directory: real binds succeed, wrong creds deny (user-side, not an outage). ──
+        var alice = await authenticator.AuthenticateUserNameAsync("alice", "alice123", ct);
+        alice.Success.ShouldBeTrue("alice should bind against the live GLAuth");
+        alice.Roles.ShouldNotBeEmpty("a healthy bind returns alice's mapped group roles");
+
+        var bob = await authenticator.AuthenticateUserNameAsync("bob", "bob123", ct);
+        bob.Success.ShouldBeTrue("bob should bind against the live GLAuth");
+
+        var wrong = await authenticator.AuthenticateUserNameAsync("alice", "wrong-password", ct);
+        wrong.Success.ShouldBeFalse("a wrong password is a user-side deny");
+
+        // ── 2. Outage: pause GLAuth. Consecutive binds fail BOUNDED, then the circuit fast-denies. ──
+        var paused = false;
+        try
+        {
+            await RunShellCommandAsync(startCmd!, ct);
+            paused = true;
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < OutageThreshold; i++)
+            {
+                var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+                var outage = await authenticator.AuthenticateUserNameAsync("alice", "alice123", ct);
+                sw.Stop();
+
+                outage.Success.ShouldBeFalse($"bind #{i + 1} during the outage must fail closed");
+                // The whole flow is wall-clock bounded — never the SDK's default ~10-20 s stall.
+                sw.Elapsed.ShouldBeLessThan(AuthTimeout + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2),
+                    "the authenticator must bound a hung directory call, not stall on it");
+            }
+
+            // Circuit is now open — the next call fast-denies WITHOUT a directory round-trip (sub-second).
+            var blockedSw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+            var blocked = await authenticator.AuthenticateUserNameAsync("alice", "alice123", ct);
+            blockedSw.Stop();
+
+            blocked.Success.ShouldBeFalse();
+            blocked.Error.ShouldNotBeNull();
+            blocked.Error!.ShouldContain("unavailable", Case.Insensitive,
+                "an open outage circuit fast-denies 'backend unavailable'");
+            blockedSw.Elapsed.ShouldBeLessThan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1),
+                "an open circuit fast-denies without a directory call");
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (paused)
+                await RunShellCommandAsync(stopCmd!, CancellationToken.None); // ALWAYS restore GLAuth
+        }
+
+        // ── 3. Recovery: after the cooldown the half-open probe reaches the (restored) directory. ──
+        await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(CooldownSeconds) + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1), ct);
+
+        var recovered = false;
+        var deadline = DateTime.UtcNow + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30);
+        while (DateTime.UtcNow < deadline)
+        {
+            var probe = await authenticator.AuthenticateUserNameAsync("alice", "alice123", ct);
+            if (probe.Success) { recovered = true; break; }
+            await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500), ct);
+        }
+        recovered.ShouldBeTrue("the circuit must half-open and close once GLAuth is unpaused");
+    }
+
+    private static LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator BuildAuthenticator(LdapOptions options)
+    {
+        var ldap = new OtOpcUaLdapAuthService(Options.Create(options), NullLogger<OtOpcUaLdapAuthService>.Instance);
+        return new LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator(
+            ldap, ScopeFactoryWith(new PassthroughMapper()), Options.Create(options),
+            NullLogger<LdapOpcUaUserAuthenticator>.Instance);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Builds an <see cref="IServiceScopeFactory"/> whose scopes resolve the supplied mapper.</summary>
+    private static IServiceScopeFactory ScopeFactoryWith(IGroupRoleMapper<string> mapper)
+    {
+        var services = new ServiceCollection();
+        services.AddScoped(_ => mapper);
+        return services.BuildServiceProvider().GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Runs an SSH/docker one-liner through the login shell (verbatim, as in the S7 outage gate).</summary>
+    private static async Task RunShellCommandAsync(string command, CancellationToken ct)
+    {
+        using var proc = new Process
+        {
+            StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("/bin/sh", $"-c \"{command.Replace("\"", "\\\"")}\"")
+            {
+                RedirectStandardOutput = true,
+                RedirectStandardError = true,
+                UseShellExecute = false,
+            },
+        };
+        proc.Start();
+        await proc.WaitForExitAsync(ct);
+        proc.ExitCode.ShouldBe(0, $"outage command failed: {await proc.StandardError.ReadToEndAsync(ct)}");
+        await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1), ct); // let the pause/unpause take effect
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Passes LDAP groups straight through as roles — the live gate asserts on the bind, not the mapping.</summary>
+    private sealed class PassthroughMapper : IGroupRoleMapper<string>
+    {
+        public Task<GroupRoleMapping<string>> MapAsync(IReadOnlyList<string> groups, CancellationToken ct)
+            => Task.FromResult(new GroupRoleMapping<string>(groups, Scope: null));
+    }
+}
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.AdminUI.Clients;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.AdminUI.Hubs;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Cluster;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration.Entities;
+using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Configuration.Enums;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.ControlPlane;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.Health;
@@ -36,9 +38,11 @@ namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Host.IntegrationTests;
 ///   <item><c>OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_SQL=1</c> → swap the in-memory DB for SQL Server on
 ///         <c>localhost:14331</c> (see <c>docker-compose.yml</c>). Each harness gets a unique
 ///         database name (<c>OtOpcUa_Harness_{guid}</c>) created via <c>EnsureCreated</c>
-///         and dropped via <c>EnsureDeleted</c> on dispose.</item>
+///         and dropped via <c>EnsureDeleted</c> on dispose. Override the SQL / LDAP host with
+///         <c>OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST</c> / <c>OTOPCUA_HARNESS_LDAP_HOST</c> to point at native
+///         fixtures on the shared Docker host (avoids the arm64-Mac emulated-mssql slowdown).</item>
 ///   <item><c>OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_LDAP=1</c> → drop the stub and point <c>LdapAuthService</c>
-///         at OpenLDAP on <c>localhost:3894</c>.</item>
+///         at the GLAuth container on <c>localhost:3894</c> (see Docker/glauth/config.toml).</item>
 /// </list>
 ///
 /// <para>Why not <c>WebApplicationFactory&lt;Program&gt;</c>? Program.cs reads <c>OTOPCUA_ROLES</c>
@@ -114,6 +118,53 @@ public sealed class TwoNodeClusterHarness : IAsyncDisposable
    public Task<OtOpcUaConfigDbContext> CreateConfigDbContextAsync()
        => NodeA.Services.GetRequiredService<IDbContextFactory<OtOpcUaConfigDbContext>>().CreateDbContextAsync();

+    /// <summary>
+    /// Seeds a default <see cref="ServerCluster"/> plus a <see cref="ClusterNode"/> row for BOTH
+    /// harness nodes (<see cref="NodeANodeId"/> / <see cref="NodeBNodeId"/>) so the real-SQL FK
+    /// constraint <c>FK_NodeDeploymentState_ClusterNode_NodeId</c> is satisfied when a deployment
+    /// records per-node state. The EF in-memory provider ignores FK constraints, so deploy E2E
+    /// tests pass without this; against SQL Server each node's <c>NodeDeploymentState</c> INSERT
+    /// fails without its parent <see cref="ClusterNode"/> row and the deployment never seals.
+    /// No-op unless <c>OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_SQL=1</c> (in-memory needs no seeding). Call once, before
+    /// <c>StartDeploymentAsync</c>, in tests that don't already seed their own cluster + both nodes.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="clusterId">Cluster id for the seeded rows. Defaults to <c>MAIN</c>.</param>
+    public async Task SeedDefaultClusterAsync(string clusterId = "MAIN")
+    {
+        if (!Mode.UseSqlServer) return;
+        await using var db = await CreateConfigDbContextAsync();
+        db.ServerClusters.Add(new ServerCluster
+        {
+            ClusterId = clusterId,
+            Name = "Harness Default Cluster",
+            Enterprise = "zb",
+            Site = "central",
+            // 2-node cluster → Warm/Hot per CK_ServerCluster_RedundancyMode_NodeCount
+            // (NodeCount=1↔None, NodeCount=2↔Warm|Hot). The harness runs two nodes.
+            NodeCount = 2,
+            RedundancyMode = RedundancyMode.Warm,
+            CreatedBy = "harness",
+        });
+        db.ClusterNodes.AddRange(
+            new ClusterNode
+            {
+                NodeId = NodeANodeId,
+                ClusterId = clusterId,
+                Host = LoopbackHost,
+                ApplicationUri = "urn:zb:harness:node-a",
+                CreatedBy = "harness",
+            },
+            new ClusterNode
+            {
+                NodeId = NodeBNodeId,
+                ClusterId = clusterId,
+                Host = LoopbackHost,
+                ApplicationUri = "urn:zb:harness:node-b",
+                CreatedBy = "harness",
+            });
+        await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+    }
+
    /// <summary>Boots both nodes and waits up to <paramref name="formationTimeout"/> for cluster convergence.</summary>
    /// <param name="formationTimeout">Maximum time to wait for cluster formation; defaults to 20 seconds if not provided.</param>
    /// <param name="driverFactory">Optional opt-in <see cref="IDriverFactory"/> both nodes register so deployed
@@ -131,7 +182,12 @@ public sealed class TwoNodeClusterHarness : IAsyncDisposable
        if (harness.Mode.UseSqlServer)
        {
            harness._sqlDbName = $"OtOpcUa_Harness_{Guid.NewGuid():N}";
-            harness._sqlConnString = $"Server=localhost,14331;Database={harness._sqlDbName};User Id=sa;Password=OtOpcUa!Harness123;TrustServerCertificate=True;";
+            // SQL host is overridable so the heavy 2-node E2E tests can target NATIVE-amd64 SQL on the
+            // shared Docker host instead of the arm64 Mac's emulated mssql:2022 (no arm64 image → ~5-10×
+            // slower → the deploy/failover E2E tests time out). Set OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST=10.100.0.35,14331
+            // with the harness sql container brought up there. Defaults to localhost,14331.
+            var sqlHost = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OTOPCUA_HARNESS_SQL_HOST") ?? "localhost,14331";
+            harness._sqlConnString = $"Server={sqlHost};Database={harness._sqlDbName};User Id=sa;Password=OtOpcUa!Harness123;TrustServerCertificate=True;";
            await EnsureSqlSchemaCreatedAsync(harness._sqlConnString);
        }

@@ -295,13 +351,16 @@ public sealed class TwoNodeClusterHarness : IAsyncDisposable
            // Bound section is Security:Ldap (see LdapOptions.SectionName); Transport replaces the
            // old UseTls bool and AllowInsecure replaces AllowInsecureLdap (Task 1.4).
            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:Enabled"] = "true";
-            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:Server"] = "localhost";
+            // Overridable alongside the SQL host so the GLAuth container can live on the Docker host too.
+            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:Server"] = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OTOPCUA_HARNESS_LDAP_HOST") ?? "localhost";
            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:Port"] = "3894";
            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:Transport"] = "None";
            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:AllowInsecure"] = "true";
            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:SearchBase"] = "dc=zb,dc=local";
-            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:ServiceAccountDn"] = "cn=admin,dc=zb,dc=local";
-            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:ServiceAccountPassword"] = "ldapadmin";
+            // GLAuth's search-capable bind account (see Docker/glauth/config.toml) — matches the
+            // shared GLAuth the data-plane binds against. Replaced the retired OpenLDAP cn=admin.
+            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:ServiceAccountDn"] = "cn=serviceaccount,dc=zb,dc=local";
+            configOverrides["Security:Ldap:ServiceAccountPassword"] = "serviceaccount123";
        }

        builder.Configuration.AddInMemoryCollection(configOverrides);
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 #
 #   1. EF behaviors that diverge between provider implementations — index uniqueness,
 #      RowVersion concurrency, JSON column round-trips, EF migration application.
-#   2. Real LDAP binds against an OpenLDAP server with the dev users from
-#      C:\publish\glauth\auth.md.
+#   2. Real LDAP binds against a GLAuth server (./glauth/config.toml) with dev users
+#      alice (full access) / bob (read-only) and the cn=serviceaccount bind account.
 #
 # Activate by setting these env vars before running the suite:
 #
@@ -43,15 +43,13 @@ services:
      retries: 20

  ldap:
-    # OpenLDAP image — same one docker-dev/ uses, just on a different port. Dev users
-    # alice/bob match the GLAuth fixtures so AuthEndpoints contract tests share creds.
-    image: bitnami/openldap:2.6
-    environment:
-      LDAP_ROOT: "dc=zb,dc=local"
-      LDAP_ADMIN_USERNAME: "admin"
-      LDAP_ADMIN_PASSWORD: "ldapadmin"
-      LDAP_USERS: "alice,bob"
-      LDAP_PASSWORDS: "alice123,bob123"
-      LDAP_USER_DC: "ou=FleetAdmin"
+    # GLAuth — the same LDAP server the rest of the project uses (docker-dev + the live
+    # OPC UA data-plane auth, both against the shared GLAuth on :3893). Replaced the retired
+    # bitnami/openldap:2.6 (Bitnami deprecated their free catalog in 2025). Seeded by
+    # ./glauth/config.toml with a search-capable serviceaccount + dev users alice/bob.
+    # Listens on :3893 in-container; mapped to host :3894 to run beside docker-dev's :3893.
+    image: glauth/glauth:latest
+    volumes:
+      - ./glauth/config.toml:/app/config/config.cfg:ro
    ports:
-      - "3894:1389"
+      - "3894:3893"
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# GLAuth config for the Host.IntegrationTests real-LDAP mode (OTOPCUA_HARNESS_USE_LDAP=1).
+#
+# Replaces the retired bitnami/openldap:2.6 image (Bitnami deprecated their free catalog
+# in 2025) with GLAuth — the same LDAP server the rest of the project uses (docker-dev +
+# the live OPC UA data-plane auth, both against the shared GLAuth on 10.100.0.35:3893).
+# Unifying on GLAuth removes the lone OpenLDAP outlier and the gone-image breakage.
+#
+# Mirrors scadaproj/infra/glauth/config.toml (source of truth) but trimmed to the harness's
+# needs: baseDN dc=zb,dc=local, a search-capable service account, and two dev users
+# (alice = full-access, bob = read-only). Bind DN form is GLAuth's cn=<name>,dc=zb,dc=local.
+#
+# Listens on :3893 inside the container; the compose maps host :3894 -> :3893 so this runs
+# side-by-side with docker-dev's shared GLAuth (:3893) without a port clash.
+
+[ldap]
+  enabled = true
+  listen = "0.0.0.0:3893"
+
+[ldaps]
+  enabled = false
+
+[backend]
+  datastore = "config"
+  baseDN = "dc=zb,dc=local"
+
+[behaviors]
+  # Tests may bind bad passwords on purpose (outage / wrong-cred paths) — don't lock out.
+  LimitFailedBinds = false
+
+# ── Groups (gidnumbers match scadaproj/infra/glauth so GroupToRole maps identically) ──
+[[groups]]
+  name = "ReadOnly"
+  gidnumber = 5601
+[[groups]]
+  name = "WriteOperate"
+  gidnumber = 5602
+[[groups]]
+  name = "WriteTune"
+  gidnumber = 5603
+[[groups]]
+  name = "WriteConfigure"
+  gidnumber = 5604
+[[groups]]
+  name = "AlarmAck"
+  gidnumber = 5605
+
+# ── Users ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Service account the harness binds first to search for the user entry.
+# DN: cn=serviceaccount,dc=zb,dc=local  password: serviceaccount123
+[[users]]
+  name = "serviceaccount"
+  uidnumber = 5999
+  primarygroup = 5601
+  passsha256 = "af29d0e5c9801ae98a999ed3915e1cf428a64b4b62b3cf221b6336cce0398419"
+    [[users.capabilities]]
+    action = "search"
+    object = "*"
+
+# alice — full access (member of every write/ack role group). password: alice123
+[[users]]
+  name = "alice"
+  givenname = "Alice"
+  sn = "Admin"
+  mail = "alice@zb.local"
+  uidnumber = 5010
+  primarygroup = 5604
+  othergroups = [5601, 5602, 5603, 5605]
+  passsha256 = "4e40e8ffe0ee32fa53e139147ed559229a5930f89c2204706fc174beb36210b3"
+
+# bob — read-only. password: bob123
+[[users]]
+  name = "bob"
+  givenname = "Bob"
+  sn = "Reader"
+  mail = "bob@zb.local"
+  uidnumber = 5011
+  primarygroup = 5601
+  passsha256 = "8d059c3640b97180dd2ee453e20d34ab0cb0f2eccbe87d01915a8e578a202b11"
@@ -72,40 +72,44 @@ public sealed class DualEndpointTests
        // SDK 1.5.374 sync-style session-open path — mirrors src/Client/.../DefaultSessionFactory.cs
        // and DefaultApplicationConfigurationFactory.cs. The 1.5.378 telemetry/async overloads are
        // not available at this pinned version.
-        var appConfig = new ApplicationConfiguration
+        var clientPki = TestClientSecurity.AllocatePkiRoot();
+        try
        {
-            ApplicationName = "OtOpcUa.DualEndpointClient",
-            ApplicationUri = $"urn:OtOpcUa.DualEndpointClient.{Guid.NewGuid():N}",
-            ApplicationType = ApplicationType.Client,
-            SecurityConfiguration = new SecurityConfiguration
+            var appConfig = new ApplicationConfiguration
            {
-                ApplicationCertificate = new CertificateIdentifier(),
-                AutoAcceptUntrustedCertificates = true,
-            },
-            ClientConfiguration = new ClientConfiguration { DefaultSessionTimeout = 60_000 },
-        };
-        await appConfig.ValidateAsync(ApplicationType.Client, default);
-        appConfig.CertificateValidator.CertificateValidation += (_, e) => e.Accept = true;
+                ApplicationName = "OtOpcUa.DualEndpointClient",
+                ApplicationUri = $"urn:OtOpcUa.DualEndpointClient.{Guid.NewGuid():N}",
+                ApplicationType = ApplicationType.Client,
+                SecurityConfiguration = TestClientSecurity.Build(clientPki),
+                ClientConfiguration = new ClientConfiguration { DefaultSessionTimeout = 60_000 },
+            };
+            await appConfig.ValidateAsync(ApplicationType.Client, default);
+            appConfig.CertificateValidator.CertificateValidation += (_, e) => e.Accept = true;

-        // 1.5.378: the discovery/session/read client surface moved to async.
-        var endpoint = await CoreClientUtils.SelectEndpointAsync(
-            appConfig, endpointUrl, false, DefaultTelemetry.Create(_ => { }), default);
-        var endpointConfiguration = EndpointConfiguration.Create(appConfig);
-        var configuredEndpoint = new ConfiguredEndpoint(null, endpoint, endpointConfiguration);
+            // 1.5.378: the discovery/session/read client surface moved to async.
+            var endpoint = await CoreClientUtils.SelectEndpointAsync(
+                appConfig, endpointUrl, false, DefaultTelemetry.Create(_ => { }), default);
+            var endpointConfiguration = EndpointConfiguration.Create(appConfig);
+            var configuredEndpoint = new ConfiguredEndpoint(null, endpoint, endpointConfiguration);

-        using var session = await new DefaultSessionFactory(DefaultTelemetry.Create(_ => { })).CreateAsync(
-            appConfig,
-            configuredEndpoint,
-            updateBeforeConnect: false,
-            checkDomain: false,
-            sessionName: "DualEndpointTests",
-            sessionTimeout: 60_000,
-            identity: new UserIdentity(new AnonymousIdentityToken()),
-            preferredLocales: null,
-            ct: default);
+            using var session = await new DefaultSessionFactory(DefaultTelemetry.Create(_ => { })).CreateAsync(
+                appConfig,
+                configuredEndpoint,
+                updateBeforeConnect: false,
+                checkDomain: false,
+                sessionName: "DualEndpointTests",
+                sessionTimeout: 60_000,
+                identity: new UserIdentity(new AnonymousIdentityToken()),
+                preferredLocales: null,
+                ct: default);

-        var value = await session.ReadValueAsync(VariableIds.Server_ServerArray, default);
-        return (string[])value.Value;
+            var value = await session.ReadValueAsync(VariableIds.Server_ServerArray, default);
+            return (string[])value.Value;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (Directory.Exists(clientPki)) Directory.Delete(clientPki, recursive: true);
+        }
    }

    private static int AllocateFreePort()
@@ -215,9 +215,11 @@ public sealed class SubscriptionSurvivalTests
            sink.WriteValue(nodeIdAString, 11, Commons.OpcUa.OpcUaQuality.Good, DateTime.UtcNow);
            await WaitUntilAsync(() => { lock (gate) return receivedA.Any(v => Equals(v.Value, 11)); }, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));

-            // B is gone: a re-read returns BadNodeIdUnknown.
-            var bRead = await session.ReadValueAsync(nodeIdB, ct);
-            bRead.StatusCode.ShouldBe((StatusCode)StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown);
+            // B is gone: a re-read surfaces BadNodeIdUnknown. The 1.5.378 node-cache read path
+            // throws ServiceResultException for an unknown node rather than returning a bad DataValue.
+            var bReadEx = await Should.ThrowAsync<ServiceResultException>(
+                async () => await session.ReadValueAsync(nodeIdB, ct));
+            bReadEx.StatusCode.ShouldBe(StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown);
        }
        finally
        {
@@ -296,9 +298,11 @@ public sealed class SubscriptionSurvivalTests
            sink.WriteValue(nodeIdAString, 11, Commons.OpcUa.OpcUaQuality.Good, DateTime.UtcNow);
            await WaitUntilAsync(() => { lock (gate) return receivedA.Any(v => Equals(v.Value, 11)); }, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));

-            // B is gone.
+            // B is gone. (1.5.378 node-cache read throws for an unknown node — see above.)
            var nodeIdB = new NodeId(Commons.OpcUa.EquipmentNodeIds.Variable("eq-1", "", "B"), ns);
-            (await session.ReadValueAsync(nodeIdB, ct)).StatusCode.ShouldBe((StatusCode)StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown);
+            var bReadEx = await Should.ThrowAsync<ServiceResultException>(
+                async () => await session.ReadValueAsync(nodeIdB, ct));
+            bReadEx.StatusCode.ShouldBe(StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown);

            // C is browsable + readable.
            var nodeIdC = new NodeId(Commons.OpcUa.EquipmentNodeIds.Variable("eq-1", "", "C"), ns);
@@ -331,11 +335,10 @@ public sealed class SubscriptionSurvivalTests
            ApplicationName = "OtOpcUa.SubscriptionSurvivalClient",
            ApplicationUri = $"urn:OtOpcUa.SubscriptionSurvivalClient.{Guid.NewGuid():N}",
            ApplicationType = ApplicationType.Client,
-            SecurityConfiguration = new SecurityConfiguration
-            {
-                ApplicationCertificate = new CertificateIdentifier(),
-                AutoAcceptUntrustedCertificates = true,
-            },
+            // Directory cert stores rooted at a throwaway temp PKI dir — ValidateAsync rejects a
+            // bare SecurityConfiguration ("TrustedIssuerCertificates StorePath must be specified").
+            // The returned session outlives this method, so the dir is left for the OS temp sweep.
+            SecurityConfiguration = TestClientSecurity.Build(TestClientSecurity.AllocatePkiRoot()),
            ClientConfiguration = new ClientConfiguration { DefaultSessionTimeout = 60_000 },
        };
        await appConfig.ValidateAsync(ApplicationType.Client, ct);
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+using Opc.Ua;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.OpcUaServer.IntegrationTests;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Builds the client-side <see cref="SecurityConfiguration"/> the integration tests use to
+/// open a real OPC UA session. The SDK's <c>ApplicationConfiguration.ValidateAsync</c> requires
+/// the trusted-issuer / trusted-peer / rejected stores to carry an explicit <c>StorePath</c>
+/// (it throws <c>TrustedIssuerCertificates StorePath must be specified</c> otherwise), so — unlike
+/// a bare <c>new SecurityConfiguration()</c> — each store is rooted at a throwaway PKI directory,
+/// mirroring <c>src/Client/.../DefaultApplicationConfigurationFactory.cs</c>.
+/// </summary>
+internal static class TestClientSecurity
+{
+    /// <summary>Allocates a fresh throwaway client PKI root under the temp directory.</summary>
+    /// <returns>An absolute path that does not yet exist; the SDK creates the stores under it.</returns>
+    public static string AllocatePkiRoot() =>
+        Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"otopcua-client-pki-{Guid.NewGuid():N}");
+
+    /// <summary>Builds an auto-accepting client security config with Directory stores under <paramref name="pkiRoot"/>.</summary>
+    /// <param name="pkiRoot">Root directory for the own / issuer / trusted / rejected stores.</param>
+    /// <returns>A validated-ready <see cref="SecurityConfiguration"/>.</returns>
+    public static SecurityConfiguration Build(string pkiRoot) => new()
+    {
+        ApplicationCertificate = new CertificateIdentifier
+        {
+            StoreType = CertificateStoreType.Directory,
+            StorePath = Path.Combine(pkiRoot, "own"),
+        },
+        TrustedIssuerCertificates = new CertificateTrustList
+        {
+            StoreType = CertificateStoreType.Directory,
+            StorePath = Path.Combine(pkiRoot, "issuer"),
+        },
+        TrustedPeerCertificates = new CertificateTrustList
+        {
+            StoreType = CertificateStoreType.Directory,
+            StorePath = Path.Combine(pkiRoot, "trusted"),
+        },
+        RejectedCertificateStore = new CertificateTrustList
+        {
+            StoreType = CertificateStoreType.Directory,
+            StorePath = Path.Combine(pkiRoot, "rejected"),
+        },
+        AutoAcceptUntrustedCertificates = true,
+    };
+}