feat(twincat): opt-in ADS sum-read and /hosts diagnostics bag; refresh TwinCAT backlog (#645, #612)

Sum-read (#310): batches a poll's reads per device into sum commands capped at sumReadMaxItems,
per-item ADS errors mapped per tag, falls back to individual reads when the target refuses the
command. Diagnostics (#314): ADS state, app name, online-change count, task cycle/exec/jitter via
IDriverDiagnostics. Re-implemented against the current raw-byte read path (stranded auto/driver-gaps
commits predate it). Sum-write not ported. Unit tests only; live gate pending a route.

Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01Ef2ozxS7QPanGT8uoATbTe
This commit is contained in:
Joseph Doherty
2026-10-08 19:18:42 -04:00
parent 8801631739
commit af19db4ed1
15 changed files with 1055 additions and 48 deletions
+5
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@@ -1130,6 +1130,11 @@ host logger factory (wired in `DriverFactoryBootstrap`; the FOCAS and TwinCAT fa
`DriverHealthChanged.Diagnostics` / proto `has_diagnostics`+`diagnostics`; its digest is in the publish fingerprint).
- **TwinCAT (#637):** TIME/TOD publish Float64 ms, DATE/DT a UTC DateTime; a tag authored `UDInt` keeps the raw counter
(and keeps historizing — DateTime is not historized).
- **TwinCAT (#645, #310/#314):** opt-in ADS sum-read (`useSumRead`, `sumReadMaxItems` default 200; reads raw bytes by index
group/offset and decodes with the same codecs as a single read; a target refusing the sum command (overall ADS 1792-1798)
flips that device to individual reads, a comms failure does not). `/hosts` diagnostics via `IDriverDiagnostics`
(`TwinCAT.AdsState`/`AppName`/`OnlineChangeCnt`/`CycleTimeMs`/`LastExecTimeMs`/`JitterMs`, probe-sampled). Unit-tested only; live
gate pending a user-approved route (the presses' routes name the Mac's old VPN IP). Sum-write not ported.
- **AbLegacy (#636):** `AbLegacyAddress` (in `AbLegacy.Contracts`) is family-aware: PLC-5 `I:`/`O:` indices are OCTAL
and are emitted to libplctag as decimal (libplctag's `pccc.c` parses decimal only). MicroLogix function files parse
but read `BadNotSupported`. Indirect `N7:[N7:0]` (#646) is resolved by the driver at read/write time (index re-read
+39 -1
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@@ -185,9 +185,47 @@ notifications; `DInt` over a `STRING(80)` → `BadTypeMismatch` in both paths wi
the rest of the subscription Good. No PLC value held a genuine non-ASCII string
to exercise Windows-1252 live — that rule is unit-tested only.
## Sum-read and diagnostics (Gitea #645)
Two items ported from the stranded `auto/driver-gaps` branch (#310, #314), re-implemented against the
current raw-byte read path rather than cherry-picked (the branch predates the type guard, the string codec
and the array codec). Unit-tested against the fake client only; the live gate is read-only and pending a
route (see `docs/v3/twincat-backlog.md`).
### Sum-read (opt-in)
`useSumRead: true` (default **off**) batches a poll's reads for one device into ADS sum-read commands
(`IndexGroup 0xF080`) of at most `sumReadMaxItems` symbols (default 200) instead of one round-trip per tag.
TC2 CE 2.11 support for the sum command is unverified, hence opt-in.
- The client plans each item exactly as a single read does — symbol from the Beckhoff symbol cache, declared
type checked by `TwinCATTypeGuard` — and then reads the raw bytes at the symbol's index group / offset in
one command, decoding with the same `TwinCATArrayCodec` (a scalar is a one-element array). A type-mismatched
item gets `BadTypeMismatch` without joining the batch; a bit-indexed BOOL and a handle-addressed symbol
(`0xF005`) are read individually inside the call.
- Per-item ADS error codes map to that tag only (`MapAdsError`); the overall code is the command's.
- **Fallback.** If the target refuses the command as a whole (overall ADS 1792–1798: service / group /
offset / size not supported) the client throws `TwinCATSumReadRefusedException`; the driver logs once,
marks the device `SumReadUnsupported`, and re-reads that batch with individual reads. The flag is sticky
until the driver is re-initialised. A comms-level failure is **not** a refusal: that chunk goes
`BadCommunicationError` and the next poll tries the sum command again.
- A one-item chunk is just a single read. Sum-**write** is not implemented (writes stay per-tag).
### `/hosts` diagnostics (`IDriverDiagnostics`)
The driver implements the optional `IDriverDiagnostics` bag (the S7 `NegotiatedPduSize` precedent, #640),
so these ride the health snapshot to `/hosts` — deliberately not synthetic raw tags. Sampled once per
healthy probe tick: ADS device state (`ReadState`), and `TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList` `_AppInfo.AppName`,
`_AppInfo.OnlineChangeCnt`, `_TaskInfo[1].CycleTime`, `_TaskInfo[1].LastExecTime` (100 ns ticks).
Keys: `TwinCAT.AdsState`, `.AppName`, `.OnlineChangeCnt`, `.CycleTimeMs`, `.LastExecTimeMs`, `.JitterMs`
(last exec − cycle; positive = the task overran). Several devices prefix `TwinCAT.<DeviceName or host>.`;
the host caps the bag at 16 entries. Times are rounded to 0.1 ms because the bag's digest is in the
publish fingerprint. Each symbol is best-effort: a runtime that does not export one (older TC2) keeps the
others, and a symbol answering "not found" is not re-asked until the client is rebuilt.
## Capability surface
`TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver, IRediscoverable`
`TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery, ISubscribable, IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver, IRediscoverable, ISkippedTagReporter, IDriverDiagnostics`
(`src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT/TwinCATDriver.cs`).
| Capability | Path | Notes |
+52 -18
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@@ -5,27 +5,61 @@ The v2 TwinCAT driver is considered solid: 28 integration tests (14 `[TwinCATFac
three latent driver bugs shaken out (notification cycle units, `STRING(N)` mapper,
bit-indexed BOOL path). Further work is deferred.
Archived from `docs/drivers/TwinCAT-Test-Fixture.md` § Follow-up candidates.
Archived from `docs/drivers/TwinCAT-Test-Fixture.md` § Follow-up candidates. Refreshed 2026-10-08
(Gitea #612 / #645); live-validation results live in `docs/drivers/TwinCAT.md` § "Live validation".
## Deferred items
## Hardware available (as of 2026-10-08)
1. **TC2 coverage** — spin up a TC2 runtime (Windows CE IPC or legacy XAR)
and run the same suite; any delta surfaces. Blocked on hardware.
The Elma cleaner fleet (25 presses, 23 live) is the only real TwinCAT hardware in reach, and it is
**production — strictly read-only**:
2. **Notification coalescing under load** — run the subscribe test while
the PLC cycle is saturated (bump `lineSim` complexity, watch for
dropped notifications). Doable on current rig; deferred as lower
priority than v3 feature work.
| Press | Runtime | AMS | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22 presses (e.g. Z33856 `10.201.45.236.1.1`, Z33733 `5.25.53.46.1.1`) | **TC2 2.11 on WinCE 6.0** | port **801** | read-validated 2026-10-07 |
| **Z35474** (`5.118.56.93.1.1`, 10.201.23.227) | **TC3 3.1.4024** (Win NT 10) | port **851** | the **only TC3 press**; "Plc30 App" |
| TCBSD fixture `10.100.0.128` (`41.169.163.43.1.1:851`) | TC3 | 851 | not a press; unreachable from the Mac |
3. **Multi-hop AMS route** — add a test behind an IPC gateway with a
chained route entry. Blocked on hardware (gateway IPC).
Access facts: ADS is TCP 48898. The driver sends no AddRoute (routes are provisioned out of band) and has
no IP field, so a host needs a local AMS router — TwinCAT XAR, or `Beckhoff.TwinCAT.Ads.TcpRouter` hosted
in-process (the driver csproj does not reference TcpRouter; the 2026-10-07 run used a scratch harness).
The Mac reaches the presses directly over the VPN. **The PLC routes left by earlier tooling are STALE:**
they name the Mac's old VPN IP (10.181.198.189), and the Mac is now 10.181.207.140, so a source NetId of
`10.181.207.140.1.1` has no route on any press. We must not AddRoute on production, so the **live gate for
this backlog is deferred pending a user-approved route** (owner refreshes the route, or the user approves
reusing the old source NetId). Nothing below that says "live" has been run against TC3.
4. **License-rotation automation** — XAR's 7-day trial expires on
schedule. Either automate `TcActivate.exe /reactivate` via a scheduled
task on the VM (not officially supported; reportedly works for some
TC3 builds), or buy a paid runtime license (~$1k one-time per runtime
per CPU) to kill the rotation. Ops item, not code.
## Status of the original items
5. **Lab rig** — cheapest IPC (CX7000 / CX9020) on a dedicated network;
the only route that covers TC2 + real EtherCAT I/O timing + cycle
jitter under CPU load. Blocked on hardware + budget.
1. **TC2 coverage — DONE (read side).** No longer "blocked on hardware": the 2026-10-07 Elma run
(TwinCAT 2.11) verified browse, scalar/array/string reads and native notifications on TC2. What is
still unverified there: sum-read support (see item 6) and anything that writes.
2. **Notification coalescing under load** — run the subscribe test while the PLC cycle is saturated.
Needs the TCBSD fixture (loading a production press is out of the question) and the `GVL_Perf` /
`FB_PerfChurn` fixture project from the stranded `auto/driver-gaps` branch. Fixture-gated.
3. **Multi-hop AMS route** — a test behind an IPC gateway with a chained route entry. No hardware.
4. **License-rotation automation** — XAR's 7-day trial expires on schedule. Ops item, not code.
5. **Lab rig** — cheapest IPC on a dedicated network; the only route that covers real EtherCAT I/O
timing and cycle jitter under CPU load. Blocked on hardware + budget.
## Added by #612 / #645
6. **ADS sum-read (#310) — code DONE, live gate pending.** Opt-in `useSumRead` / `sumReadMaxItems`
(see `docs/drivers/TwinCAT.md` § "Sum-read"). Unit-tested against the fake client only. Live gate
(read-only, valid on a press): enable on Z33856 / Z33733 (TC2) and Z35474 (TC3), compare a batched poll
to individual reads value-for-value, and record whether TC2 CE 2.11 answers or refuses the sum command
(either outcome is a result — a refusal must fall back cleanly). Needs the route above.
7. **Driver diagnostics (#314) — code DONE, live gate pending.** ADS state, app name, online-change
count, task cycle time, last exec time and jitter on the `/hosts` diagnostics bag. Live gate: confirm
`TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList._TaskInfo[1]` resolves on TC2 2.11 (the driver tolerates its absence).
8. **Flat vs VirtualTree browse on TC3 (#612)** — open. Only Z35474 is TC3; read-only symbol-table
upload in both modes, compare leaf sets. Add a `SymbolsLoadMode` option only if Flat drops struct
members. Needs the route. (Flat on TC2 already proved fine: 45,083 / 42,666 variables.)
9. **Discovered struct/FB member writes (#612)** — deferred: writes, never on a press; fixture-only.
Likewise **sum-write** was deliberately NOT ported from the stranded branch.
@@ -61,6 +61,22 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriverOptions
/// </summary>
public int NotificationMaxDelayMs { get; init; }
/// <summary>
/// When <c>true</c>, a poll's reads for one device are batched into ADS sum-read commands
/// (IndexGroup <c>0xF080</c>) of up to <see cref="SumReadMaxItems"/> symbols each instead of one
/// round-trip per tag (Gitea #645 / #310). Default <c>false</c> (opt-in): a TwinCAT 2 CE runtime's
/// sum-command support is unverified. A target that refuses the sum command is detected at runtime
/// and that device falls back to individual reads for the rest of the driver's life.
/// </summary>
public bool UseSumRead { get; init; }
/// <summary>
/// Maximum symbols per ADS sum-read command; larger polls are split into chunks of this size.
/// Bounds the request/response size against the target's ADS buffer. Values below 1 are treated as 1.
/// Only consulted when <see cref="UseSumRead"/> is <c>true</c>.
/// </summary>
public int SumReadMaxItems { get; init; } = 200;
/// <summary>
/// Timeout for the AdminUI Test Connect probe, in seconds. The AdminUI clamps to a
/// 60s server-side maximum; this default is what the form pre-fills for new instances.
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Threading.Channels;
using TwinCAT;
using TwinCAT.Ads;
using TwinCAT.Ads.SumCommand;
using TwinCAT.Ads.TypeSystem;
using TwinCAT.TypeSystem;
@@ -166,6 +167,151 @@ internal sealed class AdsTwinCATClient : ITwinCATClient
}
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public async Task<IReadOnlyList<(object? value, uint status)>> ReadValuesAsync(
IReadOnlyList<TwinCATBulkReadItem> reads, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var results = new (object? value, uint status)[reads.Count];
var planned = new List<PlannedSumRead>(reads.Count);
// Plan every item exactly as the single read would (symbol resolved from the Beckhoff symbol cache,
// declared type checked against it), but stop short of the wire read: those become ONE sum command.
// Anything the sum command cannot carry is read on its own right here.
for (var i = 0; i < reads.Count; i++)
{
var r = reads[i];
try
{
if (r.BitIndex is not null && r.Type == TwinCATDataType.Bool)
{
results[i] = await ReadValueAsync(r.SymbolPath, r.Type, r.BitIndex, r.ArrayCount, cancellationToken)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
continue;
}
var (shape, array, symbol, symbolStatus) = await DescribeSymbolAsync(r.SymbolPath, cancellationToken)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
if (symbolStatus != TwinCATStatusMapper.Good) { results[i] = (null, symbolStatus); continue; }
TwinCATArrayLayout layout;
if (r.ArrayCount is int count)
{
if (TwinCATTypeGuard.CheckArray(r.Type, count, shape, array, out layout) is not null)
{
results[i] = (null, TwinCATStatusMapper.BadTypeMismatch);
continue;
}
}
else
{
if (TwinCATTypeGuard.CheckRead(r.Type, shape) is not null)
{
results[i] = (null, TwinCATStatusMapper.BadTypeMismatch);
continue;
}
// A scalar is a one-element "array" at the type's own width (a STRING at the PLC's declared
// width), so scalar and array share one raw decode.
layout = new TwinCATArrayLayout(1, r.Type is TwinCATDataType.String or TwinCATDataType.WString
? shape.ByteSize
: TwinCATTypeGuard.DeclaredByteSize(r.Type));
}
// A handle-addressed symbol (0xF005) needs a fresh variable handle per read — not expressible
// as an index-group/offset sum entry. Read it individually.
if (symbol!.IndexGroup == SymbolValueByHandle)
{
results[i] = await ReadValueAsync(r.SymbolPath, r.Type, r.BitIndex, r.ArrayCount, cancellationToken)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
continue;
}
planned.Add(new PlannedSumRead(i, symbol.IndexGroup, symbol.IndexOffset, layout, r.ArrayCount is not null));
}
catch (AdsErrorException ex)
{
results[i] = (null, MapAndSignal((uint)ex.ErrorCode));
}
}
if (planned.Count == 0) return results;
ResultSumReadRaw sum;
try
{
var entities = new List<IgIoSumReadEntity>(planned.Count);
foreach (var p in planned)
entities.Add(new IgIoSumReadEntity(p.IndexGroup, p.IndexOffset, p.Layout.ByteLength));
sum = await new SumRead(_client, entities, SumCommandErrorStrategy.Relaxed)
.ReadRawAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
catch (AdsErrorException ex) when (IsSumRefusal((uint)ex.ErrorCode))
{
throw new TwinCATSumReadRefusedException((uint)ex.ErrorCode, ex);
}
catch (AdsSumCommandException)
{
// The library gave up on the batch without an overall ADS code (a sub-item failure under its
// strict handling). Not a refusal of the service: read these items one by one this time.
foreach (var p in planned)
results[p.Index] = await ReadValueAsync(reads[p.Index].SymbolPath, reads[p.Index].Type,
reads[p.Index].BitIndex, reads[p.Index].ArrayCount, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
return results;
}
// The overall code is the sum command itself; per-item codes are in SubErrors.
if (sum.ErrorCode != AdsErrorCode.NoError)
{
var overall = (uint)sum.ErrorCode;
if (IsSumRefusal(overall))
throw new TwinCATSumReadRefusedException(overall);
var mapped = MapAndSignal(overall);
foreach (var p in planned) results[p.Index] = (null, mapped);
return results;
}
for (var k = 0; k < planned.Count; k++)
{
var p = planned[k];
var subError = sum.SubErrors is { } errs && k < errs.Length ? errs[k] : AdsErrorCode.NoError;
if (subError != AdsErrorCode.NoError)
{
results[p.Index] = (null, MapAndSignal((uint)subError));
continue;
}
if (sum.ReadBlocks is not { } blocks || k >= blocks.Count || blocks[k].Length < p.Layout.ByteLength)
{
// A short block would decode garbage; treat it as a size mismatch, not a value.
results[p.Index] = (null, TwinCATStatusMapper.MapAdsError(1797));
continue;
}
var decoded = TwinCATArrayCodec.Decode(reads[p.Index].Type, sum.ReadBlocks![k].Span, p.Layout, StringsAreUtf8());
results[p.Index] = (p.IsArray ? decoded : decoded.GetValue(0), TwinCATStatusMapper.Good);
}
return results;
}
private const uint SymbolValueByHandle = 0xF005;
private readonly record struct PlannedSumRead(int Index, uint IndexGroup, uint IndexOffset, TwinCATArrayLayout Layout, bool IsArray);
/// <summary>
/// True for an overall ADS code that means "this target does not do sum commands" (service / index
/// group / offset / size not supported) rather than a comms fault.
/// </summary>
internal static bool IsSumRefusal(uint adsError) => adsError is 1792 or 1793 or 1794 or 1795 or 1797 or 1798;
/// <inheritdoc />
public async Task<string?> ReadAdsStateAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
try
{
var state = await _client.ReadStateAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
return state.ErrorCode == AdsErrorCode.NoError ? state.State.AdsState.ToString() : null;
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) { throw; }
catch { return null; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Resolves the PLC symbol behind <paramref name="symbolPath"/> into the facts
/// <see cref="TwinCATTypeGuard"/> compares a declared type against. Uses the Beckhoff symbol
@@ -55,6 +55,45 @@ public interface ITwinCATClient : IDisposable
int? arrayCount,
CancellationToken cancellationToken);
/// <summary>
/// Reads several symbols at once — the ADS sum-read path (Gitea #645 / #310). The result is a parallel
/// list: element <c>i</c> is the outcome of <paramref name="reads"/>[<c>i</c>], each decoded and
/// status-mapped exactly as <see cref="ReadValueAsync"/> would (an item the sum command cannot carry —
/// a bit-indexed BOOL, a handle-addressed symbol — is read individually inside the call).
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// The default implementation reads one item at a time, so a client without a sum path (or a test
/// fake) is correct if not faster. An implementation that issues a real sum command throws
/// <see cref="TwinCATSumReadRefusedException"/> when the TARGET refuses the command as a whole
/// (service / index group not supported); the caller then falls back to individual reads. A
/// comms-level failure propagates as the ordinary exception.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="reads">The symbols to read, at most the caller's chunk size.</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">Cancellation token for the read.</param>
/// <returns>One <c>(value, status)</c> per item, in request order.</returns>
/// <exception cref="TwinCATSumReadRefusedException">The target refused the sum command itself.</exception>
async Task<IReadOnlyList<(object? value, uint status)>> ReadValuesAsync(
IReadOnlyList<TwinCATBulkReadItem> reads, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var results = new (object? value, uint status)[reads.Count];
for (var i = 0; i < reads.Count; i++)
{
var r = reads[i];
results[i] = await ReadValueAsync(r.SymbolPath, r.Type, r.BitIndex, r.ArrayCount, cancellationToken)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
}
return results;
}
/// <summary>
/// The target's ADS device state (<c>Run</c>, <c>Stop</c>, <c>Config</c>, …) as text, or <c>null</c>
/// when it cannot be read. Feeds the driver's <c>/hosts</c> diagnostics (Gitea #645 / #314).
/// Default <c>null</c> — a client without a state read simply reports none.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">Cancellation token for the read.</param>
/// <returns>The state name, or <c>null</c>.</returns>
Task<string?> ReadAdsStateAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) => Task.FromResult<string?>(null);
/// <summary>
/// Write a symbolic value. Returns the mapped OPC UA status for the operation
/// (0 = Good, non-zero = error mapped via <see cref="TwinCATStatusMapper"/>).
@@ -132,6 +171,18 @@ public interface ITwinCATClient : IDisposable
IAsyncEnumerable<TwinCATDiscoveredSymbol> BrowseSymbolsAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
}
/// <summary>One element of an <see cref="ITwinCATClient.ReadValuesAsync"/> request — the same four facts
/// <see cref="ITwinCATClient.ReadValueAsync"/> takes.</summary>
/// <param name="SymbolPath">The ADS symbol path (a bit-indexed BOOL keeps its <c>.N</c> suffix, as for a single read).</param>
/// <param name="Type">The declared data type.</param>
/// <param name="BitIndex">The bit to extract for a BOOL-within-word tag; null otherwise.</param>
/// <param name="ArrayCount">The authored array length for an array tag; null for a scalar.</param>
public sealed record TwinCATBulkReadItem(
string SymbolPath,
TwinCATDataType Type,
int? BitIndex = null,
int? ArrayCount = null);
/// <summary>Opaque handle for a registered ADS notification. <see cref="IDisposable.Dispose"/> tears it down.</summary>
public interface ITwinCATNotificationHandle : IDisposable { }
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT;
/// <summary>
/// One device's probe-sampled PLC facts (Gitea #645 / #314), surfaced through the driver's
/// <see cref="Core.Abstractions.IDriverDiagnostics"/> bag to the <c>/hosts</c> page. Every field is
/// best-effort: a runtime that does not export a system symbol leaves that field at its last known value
/// (null if never seen).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="AdsState">The ADS device state name (<c>Run</c>, <c>Stop</c>, <c>Config</c>, …).</param>
/// <param name="AppName">The running PLC application's name (<c>_AppInfo.AppName</c>).</param>
/// <param name="OnlineChangeCnt">How many online changes the application has taken (<c>_AppInfo.OnlineChangeCnt</c>).</param>
/// <param name="CycleTimeMs">The first PLC task's configured cycle time in milliseconds.</param>
/// <param name="LastExecTimeMs">How long the task's last cycle took to execute, in milliseconds.</param>
/// <param name="UpdatedUtc">When the snapshot was taken.</param>
internal sealed record TwinCATDeviceDiagnostics(
string? AdsState,
string? AppName,
uint? OnlineChangeCnt,
double? CycleTimeMs,
double? LastExecTimeMs,
DateTime UpdatedUtc)
{
/// <summary>Gets last execution time minus cycle time: positive means the task overran its cycle.</summary>
public double? JitterMs => CycleTimeMs is { } c && LastExecTimeMs is { } x ? x - c : null;
}
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT;
/// resolver land in PRs 2 and 3.
/// </summary>
public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery, ISubscribable,
IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver, IRediscoverable, ISkippedTagReporter, IDisposable, IAsyncDisposable
IHostConnectivityProbe, IPerCallHostResolver, IRediscoverable, ISkippedTagReporter, IDriverDiagnostics,
IDisposable, IAsyncDisposable
{
/// <summary>Authored tags this driver could not build into its poll table (Gitea #541).</summary>
private readonly SkippedTagLedger _skippedTags = new();
@@ -271,6 +272,10 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
var now = DateTime.UtcNow;
var results = new DataValueSnapshot[fullReferences.Count];
// #645/#310: with UseSumRead the reads for one device are gathered and issued as ADS sum-reads
// after this pass; everything else (and a device that refused the sum command) reads one by one.
Dictionary<DeviceState, List<SumReadEntry>>? buckets = null;
for (var i = 0; i < fullReferences.Count; i++)
{
var reference = fullReferences[i];
@@ -285,6 +290,34 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
continue;
}
if (_options.UseSumRead && !device.SumReadUnsupported)
{
var parsed = TwinCATSymbolPath.TryParse(def.SymbolPath);
var symbolName = parsed?.ToAdsSymbolName() ?? def.SymbolPath;
buckets ??= [];
if (!buckets.TryGetValue(device, out var bucket))
buckets[device] = bucket = [];
bucket.Add(new SumReadEntry(i, reference, def, symbolName, parsed?.BitIndex));
continue;
}
results[i] = await ReadOneAsync(reference, def, device, now, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
if (buckets is not null)
foreach (var (device, bucket) in buckets)
await ReadBucketAsync(device, bucket, results, now, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
return results;
}
private readonly record struct SumReadEntry(
int Index, string Reference, TwinCATTagDefinition Def, string SymbolName, int? BitIndex);
/// <summary>One tag read on its own — the pre-sum-read path, also the fallback for a refused sum command.</summary>
private async Task<DataValueSnapshot> ReadOneAsync(
string reference, TwinCATTagDefinition def, DeviceState device, DateTime now, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
try
{
var client = await EnsureConnectedAsync(device, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
@@ -297,12 +330,26 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
var (value, status) = await client.ReadValueAsync(
symbolName, def.DataType, parsed?.BitIndex, def.ArrayLength, cancellationToken)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
results[i] = new DataValueSnapshot(value, status, now, now);
if (status == TwinCATStatusMapper.Good)
_health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Healthy, now, null);
else
return CompleteRead(reference, def, symbolName, value, status, now);
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) { throw; }
catch (Exception ex)
{
_health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Degraded, _health.LastSuccessfulRead, ex.Message);
return new DataValueSnapshot(null, TwinCATStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError, null, now);
}
}
/// <summary>Maps one read outcome to a snapshot and applies the health / log side effects.</summary>
private DataValueSnapshot CompleteRead(
string reference, TwinCATTagDefinition def, string symbolName, object? value, uint status, DateTime now)
{
if (status == TwinCATStatusMapper.Good)
{
_health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Healthy, now, null);
return new DataValueSnapshot(value, status, now, now);
}
if (status == TwinCATStatusMapper.BadTypeMismatch)
_logger.LogWarning(
"TwinCAT driver '{DriverInstanceId}' refused '{Reference}': declared {DataType} " +
@@ -315,17 +362,63 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
_driverInstanceId, status, reference);
_health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Degraded, _health.LastSuccessfulRead,
$"ADS status {status:X8} reading {reference}");
return new DataValueSnapshot(value, status, now, now);
}
/// <summary>
/// Reads one device's gathered tags as ADS sum-reads of at most <c>SumReadMaxItems</c> symbols each.
/// A target that refuses the sum command flips <see cref="DeviceState.SumReadUnsupported"/> and the
/// rest of the bucket is read individually; any other failure marks only the affected chunk Bad.
/// </summary>
private async Task ReadBucketAsync(
DeviceState device, List<SumReadEntry> bucket, DataValueSnapshot[] results, DateTime now,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var chunkSize = Math.Max(1, _options.SumReadMaxItems);
for (var start = 0; start < bucket.Count; start += chunkSize)
{
var chunk = bucket.GetRange(start, Math.Min(chunkSize, bucket.Count - start));
if (device.SumReadUnsupported || chunk.Count == 1)
{
foreach (var e in chunk)
results[e.Index] = await ReadOneAsync(e.Reference, e.Def, device, now, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
continue;
}
try
{
var client = await EnsureConnectedAsync(device, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
var items = new TwinCATBulkReadItem[chunk.Count];
for (var k = 0; k < chunk.Count; k++)
items[k] = new TwinCATBulkReadItem(chunk[k].SymbolName, chunk[k].Def.DataType, chunk[k].BitIndex, chunk[k].Def.ArrayLength);
var bulk = await client.ReadValuesAsync(items, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
for (var k = 0; k < chunk.Count; k++)
{
var e = chunk[k];
var (value, status) = k < bulk.Count ? bulk[k] : (null, TwinCATStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError);
results[e.Index] = CompleteRead(e.Reference, e.Def, e.SymbolName, value, status, now);
}
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) { throw; }
catch (TwinCATSumReadRefusedException refused)
{
device.SumReadUnsupported = true;
_logger.LogWarning(
"TwinCAT driver '{DriverInstanceId}' device '{Device}' refused the ADS sum-read command " +
"(ADS error {AdsError}); falling back to individual reads for this device",
_driverInstanceId, device.Options.HostAddress, refused.AdsErrorCode);
foreach (var e in chunk)
results[e.Index] = await ReadOneAsync(e.Reference, e.Def, device, now, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
results[i] = new DataValueSnapshot(null, TwinCATStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError, null, now);
foreach (var e in chunk)
results[e.Index] = new DataValueSnapshot(null, TwinCATStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError, null, now);
_health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Degraded, _health.LastSuccessfulRead, ex.Message);
}
}
return results;
}
// ---- IWritable ----
@@ -793,7 +886,11 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
else
// 05/STAB-16: on a healthy tick, re-register any notifications whose replay
// failed (a transient AddNotification blip) so they recover without a client swap.
{
await RetryDeadRegistrationsAsync(state, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
// #645/#314: sample the PLC state / task-cycle facts for /hosts. Best-effort.
await SampleDeviceDiagnosticsAsync(state, client, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) when (ct.IsCancellationRequested) { break; }
catch
@@ -813,6 +910,114 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
}
}
// ---- IDriverDiagnostics (#645 / #314) ----
// Well-known system symbols, exported by TC3 (and most TC2) PLC runtimes under TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList.
// _TaskInfo[1] is the first PLC task; CycleTime / LastExecTime are UDINT counts of 100 ns.
internal const string SymOnlineChangeCnt = "TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList._AppInfo.OnlineChangeCnt";
internal const string SymAppName = "TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList._AppInfo.AppName";
internal const string SymCycleTime = "TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList._TaskInfo[1].CycleTime";
internal const string SymLastExecTime = "TwinCAT_SystemInfoVarList._TaskInfo[1].LastExecTime";
/// <summary>Converts a TwinCAT 100 ns tick count to milliseconds.</summary>
internal static double TicksToMilliseconds(uint ticks100ns) => ticks100ns / 10_000.0;
/// <summary>
/// Most recent <see cref="TwinCATDeviceDiagnostics"/> for a device, or null before its first
/// successful probe sample (or for an unknown host address).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hostAddress">The device's ADS host address.</param>
/// <returns>The snapshot, or null.</returns>
internal TwinCATDeviceDiagnostics? GetDeviceDiagnostics(string hostAddress) =>
_devices.TryGetValue(hostAddress, out var s) ? s.LastDiagnostics : null;
/// <summary>
/// Samples the ADS device state and the four system symbols once per healthy probe tick and stores the
/// result on <see cref="DeviceState.LastDiagnostics"/>. Every read is individually best-effort: a
/// runtime that does not export a symbol (older TwinCAT 2 builds) keeps the previous value, and a
/// symbol that answers "not found" is not asked again until the client is rebuilt. Never throws
/// (except cancellation) — diagnostics must not disturb the probe.
/// </summary>
internal async Task SampleDeviceDiagnosticsAsync(DeviceState state, ITwinCATClient client, CancellationToken ct)
{
try
{
var prev = state.LastDiagnostics;
var adsState = prev?.AdsState;
try { adsState = await client.ReadAdsStateAsync(ct).ConfigureAwait(false) ?? adsState; }
catch (OperationCanceledException) when (ct.IsCancellationRequested) { throw; }
catch { /* keep previous */ }
var appName = await ReadDiagSymbolAsync(state, client, SymAppName, TwinCATDataType.String, ct).ConfigureAwait(false) as string
?? prev?.AppName;
var onlineChange = ToUInt(await ReadDiagSymbolAsync(state, client, SymOnlineChangeCnt, TwinCATDataType.UDInt, ct).ConfigureAwait(false))
?? prev?.OnlineChangeCnt;
var cycleTicks = ToUInt(await ReadDiagSymbolAsync(state, client, SymCycleTime, TwinCATDataType.UDInt, ct).ConfigureAwait(false));
var execTicks = ToUInt(await ReadDiagSymbolAsync(state, client, SymLastExecTime, TwinCATDataType.UDInt, ct).ConfigureAwait(false));
var cycleMs = cycleTicks is { } c ? TicksToMilliseconds(c) : prev?.CycleTimeMs;
var execMs = execTicks is { } x ? TicksToMilliseconds(x) : prev?.LastExecTimeMs;
state.LastDiagnostics = new TwinCATDeviceDiagnostics(adsState, appName, onlineChange, cycleMs, execMs, DateTime.UtcNow);
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) when (ct.IsCancellationRequested) { throw; }
catch { /* best-effort */ }
}
private static uint? ToUInt(object? v) => v switch
{
uint u => u,
null => null,
_ => Convert.ToUInt32(v, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
};
private async Task<object?> ReadDiagSymbolAsync(
DeviceState state, ITwinCATClient client, string symbol, TwinCATDataType type, CancellationToken ct)
{
if (state.UnavailableDiagSymbols.ContainsKey(symbol)) return null;
try
{
var (value, status) = await client.ReadValueAsync(symbol, type, null, null, ct).ConfigureAwait(false);
if (status == TwinCATStatusMapper.Good) return value;
if (status == TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown)
state.UnavailableDiagSymbols[symbol] = 0;
return null;
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) when (ct.IsCancellationRequested) { throw; }
catch { return null; }
}
/// <summary>
/// The <c>/hosts</c> diagnostics bag (Gitea #640 channel): per device, ADS state, PLC app name, online
/// change count, task cycle time, last execution time and jitter (last exec − cycle). A single-device
/// driver uses flat <c>TwinCAT.*</c> keys; several devices prefix the device name (or host address).
/// A pure in-memory read — the probe loop does the sampling. The host bounds the bag
/// (<see cref="DriverDiagnostics.MaxEntries"/>), so a many-device driver keeps the first keys in
/// ordinal order.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The key/value pairs; empty before the first sample.</returns>
IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> IDriverDiagnostics.GetDiagnostics()
{
var bag = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
var multi = _devices.Count > 1;
foreach (var state in _devices.Values)
{
if (state.LastDiagnostics is not { } d) continue;
var prefix = multi ? $"TwinCAT.{state.Options.DeviceName ?? state.Options.HostAddress}." : "TwinCAT.";
if (d.AdsState is not null) bag[prefix + "AdsState"] = d.AdsState;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(d.AppName)) bag[prefix + "AppName"] = d.AppName;
if (d.OnlineChangeCnt is { } oc) bag[prefix + "OnlineChangeCnt"] = oc.ToString(System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
if (d.CycleTimeMs is { } cy) bag[prefix + "CycleTimeMs"] = FormatMs(cy);
if (d.LastExecTimeMs is { } ex) bag[prefix + "LastExecTimeMs"] = FormatMs(ex);
if (d.JitterMs is { } j) bag[prefix + "JitterMs"] = FormatMs(j);
}
return bag;
}
// 0.1 ms resolution: the bag is published on a heartbeat and its digest is in the publish fingerprint,
// so sub-0.1 ms wobble should not read as a change.
private static string FormatMs(double ms) =>
Math.Round(ms, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero).ToString("0.0", System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
private void TransitionDeviceState(DeviceState state, HostState newState)
{
HostState old;
@@ -1234,10 +1439,22 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery
public Task? ProbeTask { get; set; }
/// <summary>Disposes the active ADS client if any.</summary>
/// <summary>Set when the target refused the ADS sum-read command (#645); the device reads one tag at a
/// time from then on. Cleared only by a fresh <see cref="DeviceState"/> (driver re-initialise).</summary>
public volatile bool SumReadUnsupported;
/// <summary>Latest probe-sampled PLC diagnostics (#645 / #314); null before the first sample.</summary>
public TwinCATDeviceDiagnostics? LastDiagnostics { get; set; }
/// <summary>Diagnostic system symbols the target answered "not found" for — not re-asked until the client is rebuilt.</summary>
public ConcurrentDictionary<string, byte> UnavailableDiagSymbols { get; } = new(StringComparer.Ordinal);
public void DisposeClient()
{
Client?.Dispose();
Client = null;
// A rebuilt client may face a PLC that now exports the symbols (e.g. after a program download).
UnavailableDiagSymbols.Clear();
}
/// <summary>Disposes the connection gate semaphore.</summary>
@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@ public static class TwinCATDriverFactoryExtensions
UseNativeNotifications = dto.UseNativeNotifications ?? true,
EnableControllerBrowse = dto.EnableControllerBrowse ?? false,
NotificationMaxDelayMs = dto.NotificationMaxDelayMs ?? 0,
UseSumRead = dto.UseSumRead ?? false,
SumReadMaxItems = dto.SumReadMaxItems ?? 200,
};
}
@@ -114,6 +116,12 @@ public static class TwinCATDriverFactoryExtensions
/// <summary>Gets or sets the maximum notification delay in milliseconds.</summary>
public int? NotificationMaxDelayMs { get; init; }
/// <summary>Gets or sets a value indicating whether a poll's reads are batched into ADS sum-reads.</summary>
public bool? UseSumRead { get; init; }
/// <summary>Gets or sets the maximum symbols per sum-read command.</summary>
public int? SumReadMaxItems { get; init; }
/// <summary>Gets or sets the list of configured devices.</summary>
public List<TwinCATDeviceDto>? Devices { get; init; }
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT;
/// <summary>
/// Thrown by <see cref="ITwinCATClient.ReadValuesAsync"/> when the TARGET refuses the ADS sum-read
/// command as a whole (service or index group not supported). It is not a comms fault: the driver marks
/// the device "no sum-read" and re-reads the batch with individual reads, so the poll still completes.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class TwinCATSumReadRefusedException : Exception
{
/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="TwinCATSumReadRefusedException"/> class.</summary>
/// <param name="adsErrorCode">The overall ADS error code the target answered with.</param>
/// <param name="inner">The underlying exception, if any.</param>
public TwinCATSumReadRefusedException(uint adsErrorCode, Exception? inner = null)
: base($"ADS sum-read refused by the target (ADS error {adsErrorCode})", inner)
{
AdsErrorCode = adsErrorCode;
}
/// <summary>Gets the overall ADS error code.</summary>
public uint AdsErrorCode { get; }
}
@@ -43,6 +43,20 @@
class="form-control form-control-sm" />
<div class="form-text">0 = push immediately. Increase to coalesce high-churn signals.</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 mb-3">
<div class="form-check form-switch mt-4">
<InputCheckbox id="tcSumRead" @bind-Value="_form.UseSumRead" @bind-Value:after="EmitAsync"
class="form-check-input" />
<label class="form-check-label" for="tcSumRead">Batch polled reads (ADS sum-read)</label>
</div>
<div class="form-text">One round-trip per chunk instead of per tag. Falls back to single reads if the target refuses it. Default off.</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 mb-3">
<label class="form-label" for="tcSumReadMax">Sum-read max items</label>
<InputNumber id="tcSumReadMax" @bind-Value="_form.SumReadMaxItems" @bind-Value:after="EmitAsync"
class="form-control form-control-sm" />
<div class="form-text">Symbols per sum-read command (default 200).</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
@@ -151,6 +165,8 @@
public bool UseNativeNotifications { get; set; } = true;
public bool EnableControllerBrowse { get; set; } = false;
public int NotificationMaxDelayMs { get; set; } = 0;
public bool UseSumRead { get; set; } = false;
public int SumReadMaxItems { get; set; } = 200;
// Probe
public bool ProbeEnabled { get; set; } = true;
@@ -168,6 +184,8 @@
UseNativeNotifications = o.UseNativeNotifications,
EnableControllerBrowse = o.EnableControllerBrowse,
NotificationMaxDelayMs = o.NotificationMaxDelayMs,
UseSumRead = o.UseSumRead,
SumReadMaxItems = o.SumReadMaxItems,
ProbeEnabled = o.Probe.Enabled,
ProbeIntervalSeconds = (int)o.Probe.Interval.TotalSeconds,
ProbeTimeoutSeconds = (int)o.Probe.Timeout.TotalSeconds,
@@ -181,6 +199,8 @@
UseNativeNotifications = UseNativeNotifications,
EnableControllerBrowse = EnableControllerBrowse,
NotificationMaxDelayMs = NotificationMaxDelayMs,
UseSumRead = UseSumRead,
SumReadMaxItems = SumReadMaxItems,
Probe = new TwinCATProbeOptions
{
Enabled = ProbeEnabled,
@@ -71,12 +71,49 @@ internal class FakeTwinCATClient : ITwinCATClient
string symbolPath, TwinCATDataType type, int? bitIndex, int? arrayCount, CancellationToken ct)
{
if (ThrowOnRead) throw Exception ?? new InvalidOperationException();
SingleReadCount++;
LastReadArrayCount = arrayCount;
var status = ReadStatuses.TryGetValue(symbolPath, out var s) ? s : TwinCATStatusMapper.Good;
var value = Values.TryGetValue(symbolPath, out var v) ? v : null;
return Task.FromResult((value, status));
}
/// <summary>Gets the number of individual <see cref="ReadValueAsync"/> calls served.</summary>
public int SingleReadCount { get; private set; }
/// <summary>Gets the size of each <see cref="ReadValuesAsync"/> batch the driver issued, in order (#645).</summary>
public List<int> SumReadBatches { get; } = new();
/// <summary>Gets or sets an exception <see cref="ReadValuesAsync"/> throws instead of answering — a
/// <see cref="TwinCATSumReadRefusedException"/> models a target without sum commands.</summary>
public Exception? SumReadException { get; set; }
/// <summary>Gets or sets the ADS state text <see cref="ReadAdsStateAsync"/> returns.</summary>
public string? AdsStateText { get; set; }
/// <summary>Simulates an ADS sum-read: records the batch size, then answers each item from the same
/// tables the single read uses.</summary>
/// <param name="reads">The batch.</param>
/// <param name="ct">The cancellation token.</param>
/// <returns>One outcome per item.</returns>
public virtual Task<IReadOnlyList<(object? value, uint status)>> ReadValuesAsync(
IReadOnlyList<TwinCATBulkReadItem> reads, CancellationToken ct)
{
if (ThrowOnRead) throw Exception ?? new InvalidOperationException();
SumReadBatches.Add(reads.Count);
if (SumReadException is { } ex) throw ex;
var results = new (object? value, uint status)[reads.Count];
for (var i = 0; i < reads.Count; i++)
{
var path = reads[i].SymbolPath;
results[i] = (Values.TryGetValue(path, out var v) ? v : null,
ReadStatuses.TryGetValue(path, out var s) ? s : TwinCATStatusMapper.Good);
}
return Task.FromResult<IReadOnlyList<(object? value, uint status)>>(results);
}
/// <summary>Simulates reading the ADS device state.</summary>
/// <param name="ct">The cancellation token.</param>
/// <returns>The configured state text.</returns>
public virtual Task<string?> ReadAdsStateAsync(CancellationToken ct) => Task.FromResult(AdsStateText);
/// <summary>Simulates writing a value to a symbol.</summary>
/// <param name="symbolPath">The path to the symbol to write.</param>
/// <param name="type">The data type of the symbol.</param>
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
using Shouldly;
using Xunit;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT;
namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT.Tests;
/// <summary>Gitea #645 / #314 — PLC state / task-cycle facts on the optional IDriverDiagnostics bag.</summary>
[Trait("Category", "Unit")]
public sealed class TwinCATDiagnosticsTests
{
private const string Host1 = "ads://5.23.91.23.1.1:851";
private const string Host2 = "ads://5.23.91.24.1.1:851";
private static TwinCATDriver NewDriver(FakeTwinCATClientFactory factory, bool probe, params (string host, string? name)[] devices) =>
new(new TwinCATDriverOptions
{
Devices = [.. devices.Select(d => new TwinCATDeviceOptions(d.host, d.name))],
Probe = new TwinCATProbeOptions { Enabled = probe, Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(20) },
}, "drv-diag", factory);
private static FakeTwinCATClient PlcClient() => new()
{
AdsStateText = "Run",
Values =
{
[TwinCATDriver.SymAppName] = "Plc30 App",
[TwinCATDriver.SymOnlineChangeCnt] = 7u,
[TwinCATDriver.SymCycleTime] = 100_000u, // 10.0 ms
[TwinCATDriver.SymLastExecTime] = 25_000u, // 2.5 ms
},
};
private static async Task Sample(TwinCATDriver drv, FakeTwinCATClient client, string host)
{
var state = drv.GetDeviceState(host)!;
await drv.SampleDeviceDiagnosticsAsync(state, client, CancellationToken.None);
}
/// <summary>Verifies the driver advertises the optional capability and is empty before any sample.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Bag_is_empty_before_the_first_sample()
{
var drv = NewDriver(new FakeTwinCATClientFactory(), false, (Host1, null));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
var diag = drv.ShouldBeAssignableTo<IDriverDiagnostics>()!;
diag.GetDiagnostics().ShouldBeEmpty();
}
/// <summary>Verifies a single-device driver publishes flat keys with state, app, cycle, exec and jitter.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Single_device_publishes_flat_keys()
{
var drv = NewDriver(new FakeTwinCATClientFactory(), false, (Host1, null));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
await Sample(drv, PlcClient(), Host1);
var bag = ((IDriverDiagnostics)drv).GetDiagnostics();
bag["TwinCAT.AdsState"].ShouldBe("Run");
bag["TwinCAT.AppName"].ShouldBe("Plc30 App");
bag["TwinCAT.OnlineChangeCnt"].ShouldBe("7");
bag["TwinCAT.CycleTimeMs"].ShouldBe("10.0");
bag["TwinCAT.LastExecTimeMs"].ShouldBe("2.5");
bag["TwinCAT.JitterMs"].ShouldBe("-7.5");
DriverDiagnostics.Bound(bag).Count.ShouldBe(bag.Count); // within the host's 16-entry cap
}
/// <summary>Verifies several devices are told apart by device name, falling back to host address.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Multiple_devices_are_prefixed()
{
var drv = NewDriver(new FakeTwinCATClientFactory(), false, (Host1, "Elma01"), (Host2, null));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
await Sample(drv, PlcClient(), Host1);
await Sample(drv, PlcClient(), Host2);
var bag = ((IDriverDiagnostics)drv).GetDiagnostics();
bag["TwinCAT.Elma01.AdsState"].ShouldBe("Run");
bag[$"TwinCAT.{Host2}.CycleTimeMs"].ShouldBe("10.0");
bag.ContainsKey("TwinCAT.AdsState").ShouldBeFalse();
}
/// <summary>Verifies a runtime without _TaskInfo (older TwinCAT 2) still yields the facts it has, and
/// the missing symbols are asked for once, not on every probe tick.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Missing_task_info_gives_a_partial_bag_and_is_not_re_asked()
{
var drv = NewDriver(new FakeTwinCATClientFactory(), false, (Host1, null));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
var client = new FakeTwinCATClient { AdsStateText = "Run" };
client.Values[TwinCATDriver.SymAppName] = "Plc1";
client.ReadStatuses[TwinCATDriver.SymCycleTime] = TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown;
client.ReadStatuses[TwinCATDriver.SymLastExecTime] = TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown;
client.ReadStatuses[TwinCATDriver.SymOnlineChangeCnt] = TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown;
await Sample(drv, client, Host1);
var readsAfterFirst = client.SingleReadCount;
await Sample(drv, client, Host1);
var bag = ((IDriverDiagnostics)drv).GetDiagnostics();
bag["TwinCAT.AdsState"].ShouldBe("Run");
bag["TwinCAT.AppName"].ShouldBe("Plc1");
bag.Keys.ShouldNotContain("TwinCAT.CycleTimeMs");
bag.Keys.ShouldNotContain("TwinCAT.JitterMs");
client.SingleReadCount.ShouldBe(readsAfterFirst + 1); // only AppName is read again
}
/// <summary>Verifies a failed sample keeps the previous snapshot rather than blanking the bag.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Failed_sample_keeps_the_last_values()
{
var drv = NewDriver(new FakeTwinCATClientFactory(), false, (Host1, null));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
var client = PlcClient();
await Sample(drv, client, Host1);
client.ThrowOnRead = true;
client.AdsStateText = null;
await Sample(drv, client, Host1);
var bag = ((IDriverDiagnostics)drv).GetDiagnostics();
bag["TwinCAT.CycleTimeMs"].ShouldBe("10.0");
bag["TwinCAT.AdsState"].ShouldBe("Run");
}
/// <summary>Verifies the probe loop itself fills the bag — no manual sampling.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Probe_loop_populates_the_bag()
{
var factory = new FakeTwinCATClientFactory { Customise = PlcClient };
var drv = NewDriver(factory, true, (Host1, null));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
try
{
IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> bag = new Dictionary<string, string>();
for (var i = 0; i < 100 && bag.Count == 0; i++)
{
await Task.Delay(50);
bag = ((IDriverDiagnostics)drv).GetDiagnostics();
}
bag["TwinCAT.OnlineChangeCnt"].ShouldBe("7");
}
finally { await drv.ShutdownAsync(CancellationToken.None); }
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
using Shouldly;
using Xunit;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT;
namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.TwinCAT.Tests;
/// <summary>Gitea #645 / #310 — a poll's reads batched into ADS sum-read commands, with per-item status,
/// a chunk cap and a fallback to individual reads when the target refuses the command.</summary>
[Trait("Category", "Unit")]
public sealed class TwinCATSumReadTests
{
private const string Host = "ads://5.23.91.23.1.1:851";
private static TwinCATTagDefinition Tag(string name, TwinCATDataType type = TwinCATDataType.DInt) =>
new(name, Host, "MAIN." + name, type);
private static (TwinCATDriver drv, FakeTwinCATClientFactory factory) NewDriver(
bool useSumRead, int maxItems, params TwinCATTagDefinition[] tags)
{
var factory = new FakeTwinCATClientFactory();
var drv = new TwinCATDriver(new TwinCATDriverOptions
{
Devices = [new TwinCATDeviceOptions(Host)],
RawTags = TwinCATRawTags.Entries(tags),
Probe = new TwinCATProbeOptions { Enabled = false },
UseSumRead = useSumRead,
SumReadMaxItems = maxItems,
}, "drv-sum", factory);
return (drv, factory);
}
private static FakeTwinCATClient Seeded(params (string symbol, object value)[] values)
{
var c = new FakeTwinCATClient();
foreach (var (symbol, value) in values) c.Values[symbol] = value;
return c;
}
/// <summary>Verifies that sum-read is opt-in: off, every tag is read on its own.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Disabled_reads_each_tag_individually()
{
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(false, 200, Tag("A"), Tag("B"), Tag("C"));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () => Seeded(("MAIN.A", 1), ("MAIN.B", 2), ("MAIN.C", 3));
var snaps = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "B", "C"], CancellationToken.None);
snaps.Select(s => s.Value).ShouldBe([1, 2, 3]);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadBatches.ShouldBeEmpty();
factory.Clients[0].SingleReadCount.ShouldBe(3);
}
/// <summary>Verifies that one poll's tags go out as a single sum command, values in request order.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Enabled_batches_a_poll_into_one_sum_command()
{
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(true, 200, Tag("A"), Tag("B"), Tag("C"));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () => Seeded(("MAIN.A", 1), ("MAIN.B", 2), ("MAIN.C", 3));
var snaps = await drv.ReadAsync(["C", "A", "B"], CancellationToken.None);
snaps.Select(s => s.Value).ShouldBe([3, 1, 2]);
snaps.ShouldAllBe(s => s.StatusCode == TwinCATStatusMapper.Good);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadBatches.ShouldBe([3]);
factory.Clients[0].SingleReadCount.ShouldBe(0);
}
/// <summary>Verifies that one item's error code lands on that tag only.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Per_item_error_code_is_mapped_to_that_tag_only()
{
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(true, 200, Tag("A"), Tag("B"), Tag("C"));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () =>
{
var c = Seeded(("MAIN.A", 1), ("MAIN.C", 3));
c.ReadStatuses["MAIN.B"] = TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown; // ADS 1808 DeviceSymbolNotFound
return c;
};
var snaps = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "B", "C"], CancellationToken.None);
snaps[0].StatusCode.ShouldBe(TwinCATStatusMapper.Good);
snaps[1].StatusCode.ShouldBe(TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown);
snaps[1].Value.ShouldBeNull();
snaps[2].StatusCode.ShouldBe(TwinCATStatusMapper.Good);
snaps[2].Value.ShouldBe(3);
}
/// <summary>Verifies the size cap: a bigger poll splits into chunks and a lone remainder reads singly.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Poll_larger_than_the_cap_is_split_into_chunks()
{
var tags = Enumerable.Range(0, 5).Select(i => Tag("T" + i)).ToArray();
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(true, 2, tags);
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () =>
{
var c = new FakeTwinCATClient();
for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) c.Values["MAIN.T" + i] = i * 10;
return c;
};
var snaps = await drv.ReadAsync([.. tags.Select(t => t.Name)], CancellationToken.None);
snaps.Select(s => s.Value).ShouldBe([0, 10, 20, 30, 40]);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadBatches.ShouldBe([2, 2]);
factory.Clients[0].SingleReadCount.ShouldBe(1); // the 5th tag: a one-item "batch" is just a read
}
/// <summary>Verifies the refusal fallback: the poll still completes and the device stops asking.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Refused_sum_command_falls_back_to_individual_reads_and_sticks()
{
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(true, 200, Tag("A"), Tag("B"), Tag("C"));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () =>
{
var c = Seeded(("MAIN.A", 1), ("MAIN.B", 2), ("MAIN.C", 3));
c.SumReadException = new TwinCATSumReadRefusedException(1793);
return c;
};
var first = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "B", "C"], CancellationToken.None);
var second = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "B", "C"], CancellationToken.None);
first.Select(s => s.Value).ShouldBe([1, 2, 3]);
first.ShouldAllBe(s => s.StatusCode == TwinCATStatusMapper.Good);
second.Select(s => s.Value).ShouldBe([1, 2, 3]);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadBatches.ShouldBe([3]); // tried once, never again
factory.Clients[0].SingleReadCount.ShouldBe(6);
drv.GetHealth().State.ShouldBe(Core.Abstractions.DriverState.Healthy);
}
/// <summary>Verifies a comms failure is not mistaken for a refusal: the chunk goes Bad, sum stays on.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Comms_failure_marks_the_chunk_bad_and_does_not_disable_sum_read()
{
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(true, 200, Tag("A"), Tag("B"));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () =>
{
var c = Seeded(("MAIN.A", 1), ("MAIN.B", 2));
c.SumReadException = new InvalidOperationException("router gone");
return c;
};
var failed = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "B"], CancellationToken.None);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadException = null;
var recovered = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "B"], CancellationToken.None);
failed.ShouldAllBe(s => s.StatusCode == TwinCATStatusMapper.BadCommunicationError);
recovered.Select(s => s.Value).ShouldBe([1, 2]);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadBatches.ShouldBe([2, 2]);
}
/// <summary>Verifies unknown references do not disturb result order.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Unknown_reference_keeps_its_slot_in_a_batched_poll()
{
var (drv, factory) = NewDriver(true, 200, Tag("A"), Tag("B"));
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
factory.Customise = () => Seeded(("MAIN.A", 1), ("MAIN.B", 2));
var snaps = await drv.ReadAsync(["A", "nope", "B"], CancellationToken.None);
snaps[0].Value.ShouldBe(1);
snaps[1].StatusCode.ShouldBe(TwinCATStatusMapper.BadNodeIdUnknown);
snaps[2].Value.ShouldBe(2);
factory.Clients[0].SumReadBatches.ShouldBe([2]);
}
/// <summary>Verifies the batch carries bit index and array length so the client decodes like a single read.</summary>
[Fact]
public async Task Bulk_items_carry_array_length_and_bit_index()
{
var captured = new List<TwinCATBulkReadItem>();
var factory = new FakeTwinCATClientFactory { Customise = () => new CapturingClient(captured) };
var drv = new TwinCATDriver(new TwinCATDriverOptions
{
Devices = [new TwinCATDeviceOptions(Host)],
RawTags = TwinCATRawTags.Entries([
new TwinCATTagDefinition("Arr", Host, "MAIN.Arr", TwinCATDataType.Int, ArrayLength: 4),
new TwinCATTagDefinition("Bit", Host, "MAIN.Word.3", TwinCATDataType.Bool),
]),
Probe = new TwinCATProbeOptions { Enabled = false },
UseSumRead = true,
}, "drv-sum", factory);
await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
await drv.ReadAsync(["Arr", "Bit"], CancellationToken.None);
captured.Count.ShouldBe(2);
captured[0].ArrayCount.ShouldBe(4);
captured[1].BitIndex.ShouldBe(3);
}
/// <summary>Verifies the JSON keys reach the options.</summary>
[Fact]
public void Options_parse_from_driver_config_json()
{
var on = TwinCATDriverFactoryExtensions.ParseOptionsForTests(
"""{"useSumRead": true, "sumReadMaxItems": 50}""", "d");
on.UseSumRead.ShouldBeTrue();
on.SumReadMaxItems.ShouldBe(50);
var off = TwinCATDriverFactoryExtensions.ParseOptionsForTests("{}", "d");
off.UseSumRead.ShouldBeFalse();
off.SumReadMaxItems.ShouldBe(200);
}
/// <summary>Verifies which overall ADS codes mean "no sum commands here" rather than a comms fault.</summary>
[Theory]
[InlineData(1792u, true)]
[InlineData(1793u, true)]
[InlineData(1794u, true)]
[InlineData(1795u, true)]
[InlineData(1797u, true)]
[InlineData(1798u, true)]
[InlineData(6u, false)] // TargetPortNotFound
[InlineData(1861u, false)] // ClientSyncTimeOut
[InlineData(1808u, false)] // symbol not found: a per-item matter
public void Overall_ads_codes_classify_as_refusal_only_for_service_errors(uint code, bool refusal) =>
AdsTwinCATClient.IsSumRefusal(code).ShouldBe(refusal);
private sealed class CapturingClient(List<TwinCATBulkReadItem> sink) : FakeTwinCATClient
{
public override Task<IReadOnlyList<(object? value, uint status)>> ReadValuesAsync(
IReadOnlyList<TwinCATBulkReadItem> reads, CancellationToken ct)
{
sink.AddRange(reads);
return base.ReadValuesAsync(reads, ct);
}
}
}
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriverPageFormSerializationTests
UseNativeNotifications = true,
EnableControllerBrowse = false,
NotificationMaxDelayMs = 100,
UseSumRead = true,
SumReadMaxItems = 64,
Probe = new TwinCATProbeOptions
{
Enabled = true,
@@ -88,6 +90,8 @@ public sealed class TwinCATDriverPageFormSerializationTests
roundTripped.UseNativeNotifications.ShouldBeTrue();
roundTripped.EnableControllerBrowse.ShouldBeFalse();
roundTripped.NotificationMaxDelayMs.ShouldBe(100);
roundTripped.UseSumRead.ShouldBeTrue();
roundTripped.SumReadMaxItems.ShouldBe(64);
roundTripped.Probe.Enabled.ShouldBeTrue();
roundTripped.Probe.Interval.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(6));
roundTripped.Probe.Timeout.ShouldBe(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));