fix(driver-galaxy): resolve High code-review findings (Driver.Galaxy-002, Driver.Galaxy-008)

Driver.Galaxy-002 — DataTypeMap.Map had no Int64 arm though MxValueDecoder/
MxValueEncoder both fully support Int64. Galaxy attributes with the Int64
mx_data_type code fell through to the String default, creating a String
address-space node while runtime reads decoded a boxed long. Added
`6 => DriverDataType.Int64`, extending the contiguous 0..5 scheme so the type
map agrees with the decoder/encoder on all seven Galaxy data types.

Driver.Galaxy-008 — after a stream fault the EventPump's StreamEvents consumer
loop exited and its channel completed; EventPump.Start() is a no-op on a
completed-but-non-null loop, so a replayed subscription had no consumer and
ReplayAsync never re-registered the post-reconnect item handles. ReplayAsync
now recreates the EventPump (RestartEventPumpForReplay) and rebinds the
SubscriptionRegistry per subscription with the fresh item handles returned by
the post-reconnect SubscribeBulkAsync, via new SubscriptionRegistry.SnapshotEntries
and Rebind APIs.

Regression tests: DataTypeMapTests (every code incl. Int64), SubscriptionRegistry
Tests (Rebind/SnapshotEntries), EventPumpStreamFaultTests (faulted pump dead,
fresh pump resumes dispatch).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Joseph Doherty
2026-05-22 06:59:09 -04:00
parent c9e446387a
commit 7f2e144f8d
7 changed files with 345 additions and 15 deletions

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@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
| Review date | 2026-05-22 |
| Commit reviewed | `76d35d1` |
| Status | Reviewed |
| Open findings | 13 |
| Open findings | 11 |
## Checklist coverage
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@
| Severity | High |
| Category | Correctness & logic bugs |
| Location | `Browse/DataTypeMap.cs:13`, `Runtime/MxValueDecoder.cs:9` |
| Status | Open |
| Status | Resolved |
**Description:** `DataTypeMap.Map` maps Galaxy `mx_data_type` codes to six `DriverDataType` values (Boolean, Int32, Float32, Float64, String, DateTime) — there is no `Int64` arm. Yet `MxValueDecoder` and `MxValueEncoder` both fully support Int64 (`MxValue.Int64Value`, `Int64Array`), and the decoder's own XML doc claims "the seven Galaxy data types ... (Boolean, Int32, Int64, Float32, Float64, String, DateTime)". Any Galaxy attribute whose `mx_data_type` is the Int64 code (or any code > 5) falls through the `_ => DriverDataType.String` default. The address-space node is then created as a `String` variable while runtime reads decode an `Int64` boxed value — a type mismatch that produces wrong OPC UA `DataType`/`ValueRank` metadata and likely fails value coercion at the server node layer.
**Recommendation:** Confirm the Galaxy `mx_data_type` integer code for 64-bit integers and add the explicit arm to `DataTypeMap.Map`. If the wire format genuinely has no Int64 type, correct the `MxValueDecoder`/`MxValueEncoder` doc comments instead. Either way the encoder/decoder and the type map must agree.
**Resolution:** _(open)_
**Resolution:** Resolved 2026-05-22 — added `6 => DriverDataType.Int64` to `DataTypeMap.Map`, extending the contiguous 0..5 scheme so the type map covers the same seven Galaxy data types `MxValueDecoder`/`MxValueEncoder` already decode/encode; Int64 attributes now build as Int64 nodes instead of falling through to the String default. Regression coverage in `DataTypeMapTests`.
### Driver.Galaxy-003
@@ -138,13 +138,13 @@
| Severity | High |
| Category | Error handling & resilience |
| Location | `GalaxyDriver.cs:264-276`, `Runtime/EventPump.cs:97-103` |
| Status | Open |
| Status | Resolved |
**Description:** Even if Driver.Galaxy-001 is fixed and the supervisor's `ReplayAsync` runs, recovery is incomplete. `ReplayAsync` re-issues `SubscribeBulkAsync` for the tracked tags, but the `EventPump` background loop that consumes `StreamEvents` is not restarted. After a stream fault `EventPump.RunAsync` exits and `_channel` is completed; `EventPump.Start()` is a no-op (`if (_loop is not null) return`) because `_loop` is a completed-but-non-null task. So a replayed subscription has no consumer — values are subscribed on the gw but never reach `OnDataChange`. Additionally `ReplayAsync` never re-registers the new item handles the gw returns into `SubscriptionRegistry`; the old stale item handles remain, so even with a live pump the fan-out reverse-map would miss the post-reconnect handles.
**Recommendation:** On reconnect, dispose and recreate the `EventPump` (or make it restartable), and have `ReplayAsync` update `SubscriptionRegistry` bindings with the new item handles returned by the post-reconnect `SubscribeBulkAsync`. Add an integration/parity test that drops the stream mid-subscription and asserts `OnDataChange` resumes.
**Resolution:** _(open)_
**Resolution:** Resolved 2026-05-22 — `ReplayAsync` now calls a new `RestartEventPumpForReplay` (disposes the faulted pump, recreates and restarts a fresh one) and re-issues `SubscribeBulkAsync` per subscription, then `SubscriptionRegistry.Rebind` swaps each subscription's stale pre-reconnect item handles for the post-reconnect handles so the fan-out reverse map dispatches to the live pump. New `SubscriptionRegistry.SnapshotEntries`/`Rebind` APIs back the per-subscription replay. Regression coverage in `SubscriptionRegistryTests` (Rebind/SnapshotEntries) and `EventPumpStreamFaultTests.FaultedPump_IsNotRestartableInPlace_ButAFreshPumpResumesDispatch`.
### Driver.Galaxy-009

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@@ -8,6 +8,14 @@ namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Galaxy.Browse;
/// to <see cref="DriverDataType.String"/> for unknown codes — keeps wire compatibility
/// with deployed configs while we tighten this through the parity matrix.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Code <c>6</c> (Int64) extends the contiguous 0..5 scheme so the map covers the same
/// seven Galaxy data types <c>MxValueDecoder</c> / <c>MxValueEncoder</c> already decode
/// and encode (Boolean, Int32, Int64, Float32, Float64, String, DateTime). Without it an
/// Int64 attribute fell through to the <see cref="DriverDataType.String"/> default,
/// creating a String address-space node while runtime reads decoded a boxed <c>long</c> —
/// a metadata / coercion mismatch (Driver.Galaxy-002).
/// </remarks>
internal static class DataTypeMap
{
public static DriverDataType Map(int mxDataType) => mxDataType switch
@@ -18,6 +26,7 @@ internal static class DataTypeMap
3 => DriverDataType.Float64,
4 => DriverDataType.String,
5 => DriverDataType.DateTime,
6 => DriverDataType.Int64,
_ => DriverDataType.String,
};
}

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@@ -257,22 +257,106 @@ public sealed class GalaxyDriver
}
/// <summary>
/// Replay callback. Walks every active subscription's bindings and re-issues
/// SubscribeBulk for the tag list. PR 6.x can swap this for the gw's batched
/// <c>ReplaySubscriptionsCommand</c> once it ships.
/// Replay callback. Walks every active subscription, re-issues SubscribeBulk for
/// its tag list, and <see cref="SubscriptionRegistry.Rebind">rebinds</see> the
/// registry with the fresh item handles the gateway returned — the pre-reconnect
/// handles are dead once the session reopened. The faulted <see cref="EventPump"/>
/// is recreated first so the replayed subscriptions have a live StreamEvents
/// consumer; without that restart the replayed tags are subscribed on the gw but
/// never reach <c>OnDataChange</c> (Driver.Galaxy-008). PR 6.x can swap this for
/// the gw's batched <c>ReplaySubscriptionsCommand</c> once it ships.
/// </summary>
private async Task ReplayAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (_subscriber is null) return;
var bindings = _subscriptions.SnapshotAllBindings();
if (bindings.Count == 0) return;
var entries = _subscriptions.SnapshotEntries();
if (entries.Count == 0) return;
// The stream-fault that triggered this recovery left the old pump's RunAsync loop
// exited and its channel completed; EventPump.Start() is a no-op on a non-null but
// completed loop. Recreate the pump so the replayed subscriptions have a consumer.
RestartEventPumpForReplay();
var tagCount = 0;
foreach (var (subscriptionId, oldBindings) in entries)
{
var refs = oldBindings
.Select(b => b.FullReference)
.Distinct(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
.ToArray();
if (refs.Length == 0) continue;
var results = await _subscriber
.SubscribeBulkAsync(refs, _options.MxAccess.PublishingIntervalMs, cancellationToken)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
var byAddress = BuildResultIndex(results);
var newBindings = new List<TagBinding>(refs.Length);
foreach (var fullRef in refs)
{
var itemHandle = byAddress.TryGetValue(fullRef, out var match) && match.WasSuccessful
? match.ItemHandle
: 0;
newBindings.Add(new TagBinding(fullRef, itemHandle));
}
// Rebind so the EventPump fan-out reverse map points at the post-reconnect
// handles; otherwise events on the new handles miss every subscription.
_subscriptions.Rebind(subscriptionId, newBindings);
tagCount += refs.Length;
}
var refs = bindings.Select(b => b.FullReference).Distinct(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase).ToArray();
await _subscriber.SubscribeBulkAsync(
refs, _options.MxAccess.PublishingIntervalMs, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
_logger.LogInformation(
"GalaxyDriver {InstanceId} replay completed — {Count} tags re-subscribed",
_driverInstanceId, refs.Length);
"GalaxyDriver {InstanceId} replay completed — {SubCount} subscriptions, {TagCount} tags re-subscribed",
_driverInstanceId, entries.Count, tagCount);
}
/// <summary>
/// Index a SubscribeBulk result list by tag address (OrdinalIgnoreCase) so the
/// subscribe / replay correlation loops are O(1) per reference rather than a
/// linear scan. Last-write-wins on a duplicate address (the gw shouldn't emit one).
/// </summary>
private static Dictionary<string, SubscribeResult> BuildResultIndex(IReadOnlyList<SubscribeResult> results)
{
var index = new Dictionary<string, SubscribeResult>(results.Count, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
foreach (var result in results)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result.TagAddress)) index[result.TagAddress] = result;
}
return index;
}
/// <summary>
/// Dispose the faulted <see cref="EventPump"/> and create a fresh one bound to the
/// same subscriber / registry, started immediately. Invoked from the reconnect
/// replay path. No-op when no pump was ever started (no active subscriptions).
/// </summary>
private void RestartEventPumpForReplay()
{
EventPump? old;
lock (_pumpLock)
{
old = _eventPump;
if (old is null) return; // pump never started — nothing to restart
_eventPump = null;
}
// Detach + dispose the faulted pump outside the lock so a slow shutdown doesn't
// block a concurrent EnsureEventPumpStarted; the old loop already exited on fault.
old.OnDataChange -= OnPumpDataChange;
try { old.DisposeAsync().AsTask().GetAwaiter().GetResult(); }
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogWarning(ex,
"GalaxyDriver {InstanceId} faulted EventPump dispose failed during replay — continuing.",
_driverInstanceId);
}
// EnsureEventPumpStarted creates + starts a fresh pump under the lock. Skip the
// recreate if the driver is being disposed — Dispose already tore the pump down
// and a fresh one here would leak past the driver's lifetime.
if (_disposed) return;
EnsureEventPumpStarted();
}
private void OnSupervisorStateChanged(object? sender, StateTransition transition)

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@@ -95,6 +95,47 @@ internal sealed class SubscriptionRegistry
public IReadOnlyList<TagBinding> SnapshotAllBindings() =>
[.. _bySubscriptionId.Values.SelectMany(entry => entry.Bindings)];
/// <summary>
/// Snapshot every active subscription with its bindings, grouped by subscription id.
/// Used by the reconnect replay path so it can re-issue SubscribeBulk per subscription
/// and then <see cref="Rebind"/> each one with the post-reconnect item handles.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<(long SubscriptionId, IReadOnlyList<TagBinding> Bindings)> SnapshotEntries() =>
[.. _bySubscriptionId.Values.Select(entry => (entry.SubscriptionId, entry.Bindings))];
/// <summary>
/// Replace an existing subscription's bindings with the item handles a post-reconnect
/// SubscribeBulk returned, rebuilding the reverse fan-out map so events on the new
/// handles dispatch and the now-dead pre-reconnect handles are dropped. No-op when the
/// subscription id is unknown (it was unsubscribed during the reconnect window).
/// </summary>
public void Rebind(long subscriptionId, IReadOnlyList<TagBinding> newBindings)
{
if (!_bySubscriptionId.TryGetValue(subscriptionId, out var oldEntry)) return;
// Drop this subscription from every reverse-map bag it currently appears in. The
// pre-reconnect item handles are stale once the gw re-issues fresh ones.
foreach (var binding in oldEntry.Bindings)
{
if (binding.ItemHandle <= 0) continue;
if (!_subscribersByItemHandle.TryGetValue(binding.ItemHandle, out var bag)) continue;
var remaining = new ConcurrentBag<long>(bag.Where(id => id != subscriptionId));
if (remaining.IsEmpty) _subscribersByItemHandle.TryRemove(binding.ItemHandle, out _);
else _subscribersByItemHandle[binding.ItemHandle] = remaining;
}
_bySubscriptionId[subscriptionId] = new SubscriptionEntry(subscriptionId, newBindings);
foreach (var binding in newBindings)
{
if (binding.ItemHandle <= 0) continue; // failed gw subscribe — no events expected
_subscribersByItemHandle.AddOrUpdate(
binding.ItemHandle,
_ => [subscriptionId],
(_, bag) => { bag.Add(subscriptionId); return bag; });
}
}
private sealed record SubscriptionEntry(long SubscriptionId, IReadOnlyList<TagBinding> Bindings);
}

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@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
using Shouldly;
using Xunit;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Galaxy.Browse;
namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Galaxy.Tests.Browse;
/// <summary>
/// Regression coverage for Driver.Galaxy-002 (High): every Galaxy <c>mx_data_type</c>
/// code in the contiguous 0..6 scheme must map to the matching <see cref="DriverDataType"/>.
/// The Int64 arm (code 6) was missing, so an Int64 attribute fell through to the
/// <see cref="DriverDataType.String"/> default — a String address-space node while
/// runtime reads decoded a boxed <c>long</c>. <see cref="DataTypeMap"/> must now agree
/// with <c>MxValueDecoder</c> / <c>MxValueEncoder</c>, which both fully support Int64.
/// </summary>
public sealed class DataTypeMapTests
{
[Theory]
[InlineData(0, DriverDataType.Boolean)]
[InlineData(1, DriverDataType.Int32)]
[InlineData(2, DriverDataType.Float32)]
[InlineData(3, DriverDataType.Float64)]
[InlineData(4, DriverDataType.String)]
[InlineData(5, DriverDataType.DateTime)]
[InlineData(6, DriverDataType.Int64)]
public void Map_KnownCode_MapsToExpectedDriverDataType(int mxDataType, DriverDataType expected)
{
DataTypeMap.Map(mxDataType).ShouldBe(expected);
}
[Fact]
public void Map_Int64Code_DoesNotFallThroughToStringDefault()
{
// The bug: Int64 (code 6) used to hit the `_ => String` default.
DataTypeMap.Map(6).ShouldBe(DriverDataType.Int64);
DataTypeMap.Map(6).ShouldNotBe(DriverDataType.String);
}
[Theory]
[InlineData(7)]
[InlineData(99)]
[InlineData(-1)]
public void Map_UnknownCode_FallsBackToString(int mxDataType)
{
// Forward-compatibility fallback for codes the driver doesn't recognise.
DataTypeMap.Map(mxDataType).ShouldBe(DriverDataType.String);
}
}

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@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
using System.Threading.Channels;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
using MxGateway.Contracts.Proto;
using Shouldly;
using Xunit;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Galaxy.Runtime;
namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Galaxy.Tests.Runtime;
@@ -74,6 +76,48 @@ public sealed class EventPumpStreamFaultTests
supervisor.IsDegraded.ShouldBeFalse();
}
[Fact]
public async Task FaultedPump_IsNotRestartableInPlace_ButAFreshPumpResumesDispatch()
{
// Regression coverage for Driver.Galaxy-008 (High): after a stream fault the old
// pump's RunAsync loop has exited and its channel is completed — EventPump.Start()
// is a no-op on a non-null-but-completed loop, so the recovery path must DISPOSE
// the faulted pump and create a FRESH one. This test pins both halves of that:
// (a) the faulted pump is dead, (b) a new pump on a live stream resumes OnDataChange.
var registry = new SubscriptionRegistry();
registry.Register(1, [new TagBinding("Tank.Level", ItemHandle: 7)]);
// --- first pump: faults, then is "restarted" (no-op) and confirmed dead ---
var faulted = new FaultingSubscriber();
var staleObserved = false;
var oldPump = new EventPump(faulted, registry, channelCapacity: 8, clientName: "Restart");
oldPump.OnDataChange += (_, _) => staleObserved = true;
oldPump.Start();
faulted.FaultStream(new IOException("simulated gateway transport drop"));
await Task.Delay(100);
// In-place Start() after a fault is a no-op — the loop task is non-null but done.
oldPump.Start();
await oldPump.DisposeAsync();
// --- fresh pump on a live re-subscribed stream: OnDataChange must resume ---
var resubscribed = new ReplaySubscriber();
var resumed = new TaskCompletionSource<DataChangeEventArgs>(
TaskCreationOptions.RunContinuationsAsynchronously);
await using var newPump = new EventPump(
resubscribed, registry, channelCapacity: 8, clientName: "Restart");
newPump.OnDataChange += (_, args) => resumed.TrySetResult(args);
newPump.Start();
await resubscribed.EmitAsync(itemHandle: 7, value: 123.0);
var completed = await Task.WhenAny(resumed.Task, Task.Delay(WaitMs));
completed.ShouldBe(resumed.Task,
"a fresh EventPump created after a fault must resume dispatching OnDataChange");
(await resumed.Task).FullReference.ShouldBe("Tank.Level");
staleObserved.ShouldBeFalse("the faulted pump must not dispatch after its stream dropped");
}
[Fact]
public async Task CleanShutdown_DoesNotInvokeOnStreamFault()
{
@@ -115,4 +159,34 @@ public sealed class EventPumpStreamFaultTests
/// <summary>Fault the stream so the pump's <c>await foreach</c> throws.</summary>
public void FaultStream(Exception cause) => _stream.Writer.TryComplete(cause);
}
/// <summary>
/// <see cref="IGalaxySubscriber"/> fake modelling the post-reconnect stream — a
/// fresh, healthy StreamEvents the recovery path's new EventPump consumes.
/// </summary>
private sealed class ReplaySubscriber : IGalaxySubscriber
{
private readonly Channel<MxEvent> _stream =
Channel.CreateUnbounded<MxEvent>(new UnboundedChannelOptions { SingleReader = true });
public Task<IReadOnlyList<SubscribeResult>> SubscribeBulkAsync(
IReadOnlyList<string> fullReferences, int bufferedUpdateIntervalMs, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
=> Task.FromResult<IReadOnlyList<SubscribeResult>>([]);
public Task UnsubscribeBulkAsync(IReadOnlyList<int> itemHandles, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
=> Task.CompletedTask;
public IAsyncEnumerable<MxEvent> StreamEventsAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
=> _stream.Reader.ReadAllAsync(cancellationToken);
public ValueTask EmitAsync(int itemHandle, double value) =>
_stream.Writer.WriteAsync(new MxEvent
{
Family = MxEventFamily.OnDataChange,
ItemHandle = itemHandle,
Value = new MxValue { DoubleValue = value },
Quality = 192,
SourceTimestamp = Timestamp.FromDateTime(DateTime.UtcNow),
});
}
}

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@@ -115,6 +115,74 @@ public sealed class SubscriptionRegistryTests
registry.TrackedItemHandleCount.ShouldBe(0);
}
// ===== Driver.Galaxy-008 regression: reconnect replay rebinds with fresh handles =====
[Fact]
public void SnapshotEntries_GroupsBindingsBySubscriptionId()
{
var registry = new SubscriptionRegistryAccess();
registry.Register(1, [new TagBindingAccess("A", 100)]);
registry.Register(2, [new TagBindingAccess("B", 200), new TagBindingAccess("C", 300)]);
var entries = registry.SnapshotEntries();
entries.Count.ShouldBe(2);
entries.Single(e => e.SubscriptionId == 1).Bindings.Count.ShouldBe(1);
entries.Single(e => e.SubscriptionId == 2).Bindings.Count.ShouldBe(2);
}
[Fact]
public void Rebind_ReplacesStaleItemHandles_WithThePostReconnectHandles()
{
// Before reconnect the gw assigned handle 100; after reconnect it issues 555.
var registry = new SubscriptionRegistryAccess();
registry.Register(1, [new TagBindingAccess("Tank.Level", 100)]);
registry.Rebind(1, [new TagBindingAccess("Tank.Level", 555)]);
// The stale handle no longer fans out; the fresh handle does.
registry.ResolveSubscribers(100).ShouldBeEmpty();
var subs = registry.ResolveSubscribers(555);
subs.Count.ShouldBe(1);
subs[0].SubscriptionId.ShouldBe(1);
subs[0].FullReference.ShouldBe("Tank.Level");
}
[Fact]
public void Rebind_LeavesOtherSubscriptionsOnTheSameOldHandleIntact()
{
var registry = new SubscriptionRegistryAccess();
registry.Register(1, [new TagBindingAccess("Tank.Level", 100)]);
registry.Register(2, [new TagBindingAccess("Tank.Level", 100)]);
// Only subscription 1 replays onto a fresh handle.
registry.Rebind(1, [new TagBindingAccess("Tank.Level", 555)]);
registry.ResolveSubscribers(100).Select(s => s.SubscriptionId).ShouldBe(new[] { 2L });
registry.ResolveSubscribers(555).Select(s => s.SubscriptionId).ShouldBe(new[] { 1L });
}
[Fact]
public void Rebind_UnknownSubscription_IsNoOp()
{
var registry = new SubscriptionRegistryAccess();
Should.NotThrow(() => registry.Rebind(999, [new TagBindingAccess("X", 1)]));
registry.ResolveSubscribers(1).ShouldBeEmpty();
}
[Fact]
public void Rebind_FailedItemHandle_NotIndexedForFanOut()
{
var registry = new SubscriptionRegistryAccess();
registry.Register(1, [new TagBindingAccess("Tag", 100)]);
// Post-reconnect the gw rejected the tag — handle 0.
registry.Rebind(1, [new TagBindingAccess("Tag", 0)]);
registry.ResolveSubscribers(100).ShouldBeEmpty();
registry.ResolveSubscribers(0).ShouldBeEmpty();
}
// Internal types are accessed via friend assembly (InternalsVisibleTo); these
// wrapper aliases keep the test code readable.
private sealed class SubscriptionRegistryAccess
@@ -132,6 +200,12 @@ public sealed class SubscriptionRegistryTests
}
public IReadOnlyList<(long SubscriptionId, string FullReference)> ResolveSubscribers(int handle)
=> _inner.ResolveSubscribers(handle);
public void Rebind(long id, IReadOnlyList<TagBindingAccess> bindings)
=> _inner.Rebind(id, [.. bindings.Select(b => new TagBinding(b.FullReference, b.ItemHandle))]);
public IReadOnlyList<(long SubscriptionId, IReadOnlyList<TagBindingAccess> Bindings)> SnapshotEntries()
=> [.. _inner.SnapshotEntries().Select(e =>
(e.SubscriptionId,
(IReadOnlyList<TagBindingAccess>)[.. e.Bindings.Select(b => new TagBindingAccess(b.FullReference, b.ItemHandle))]))];
}
private sealed record TagBindingAccess(string FullReference, int ItemHandle);
}