chore(batch30): reconcile porting.db after merge

dotnet/src/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server/JetStream/RaftTypes.Codecs.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using System.Text.Json;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server;
+
+internal static class EntryTypeExtensions
+{
+    internal static string String(this EntryType entryType) => entryType switch
+    {
+        EntryType.EntryNormal => "EntryNormal",
+        EntryType.EntryOldSnapshot => "EntryOldSnapshot",
+        EntryType.EntryPeerState => "EntryPeerState",
+        EntryType.EntryAddPeer => "EntryAddPeer",
+        EntryType.EntryRemovePeer => "EntryRemovePeer",
+        EntryType.EntryLeaderTransfer => "EntryLeaderTransfer",
+        EntryType.EntrySnapshot => "EntrySnapshot",
+        EntryType.EntryCatchup => "EntryCatchup",
+        _ => "UNKNOWN",
+    };
+}
+
+internal sealed partial class Raft
+{
+    public CommittedEntry NewCommittedEntry(ulong index, IReadOnlyList<Entry>? entries = null)
+    {
+        var committed = new CommittedEntry
+        {
+            Index = index,
+        };
+        if (entries is not null)
+        {
+            committed.Entries.AddRange(entries);
+        }
+
+        return committed;
+    }
+
+    public Entry NewEntry(EntryType type, byte[]? data = null) => new()
+    {
+        Type = type,
+        Data = data is null ? [] : [.. data],
+    };
+
+    public AppendEntry NewAppendEntry(string leader, ulong term, ulong commit, ulong prevTerm, ulong prevIndex, IReadOnlyList<Entry>? entries = null)
+    {
+        var appendEntry = new AppendEntry
+        {
+            Leader = leader,
+            TermV = term,
+            Commit = commit,
+            PTerm = prevTerm,
+            PIndex = prevIndex,
+        };
+        if (entries is not null)
+        {
+            appendEntry.Entries.AddRange(entries);
+        }
+
+        return appendEntry;
+    }
+
+    public ProposedEntry NewProposedEntry(Entry? entry = null, string? reply = null) => new()
+    {
+        Entry = entry,
+        Reply = reply ?? string.Empty,
+    };
+
+    public AppendEntry DecodeAppendEntry(byte[] buffer)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(buffer);
+        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<AppendEntry>(buffer) ?? new AppendEntry();
+    }
+
+    public AppendEntryResponse NewAppendEntryResponse(ulong term, ulong index, string peer, string reply, bool success) => new()
+    {
+        TermV = term,
+        Index = index,
+        Peer = peer,
+        Reply = reply,
+        Success = success,
+    };
+
+    public AppendEntryResponse DecodeAppendEntryResponse(byte[] buffer)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(buffer);
+        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<AppendEntryResponse>(buffer) ?? new AppendEntryResponse();
+    }
+
+    public void HandleForwardedRemovePeerProposal(string peer)
+    {
+        RemovePeer(peer);
+    }
+
+    public void HandleForwardedProposal(byte[] entry)
+    {
+        ForwardProposal(entry);
+    }
+
+    public void AddPeer(string peer)
+    {
+        ProposeAddPeer(peer);
+    }
+
+    public void RemovePeer(string peer)
+    {
+        ProposeRemovePeer(peer);
+    }
+
+    public void SendMembershipChange(EntryType changeType, string peer)
+    {
+        var entry = NewEntry(changeType, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(peer));
+        var proposed = NewProposedEntry(entry);
+        PropQ ??= new ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Internal.IpQueue<ProposedEntry>($"{GroupName}-propose");
+        PropQ.Push(proposed);
+    }
+
+    public int PeerStateBufSize(PeerState state)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(state);
+        return EncodePeerState(state).Length;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] EncodePeerState(PeerState state)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(state);
+        return JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(state);
+    }
+
+    public PeerState DecodePeerState(byte[] buffer)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(buffer);
+        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<PeerState>(buffer) ?? new PeerState();
+    }
+
+    public VoteRequest DecodeVoteRequest(byte[] buffer)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(buffer);
+        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<VoteRequest>(buffer) ?? new VoteRequest();
+    }
+
+    public Exception? WritePeerStateStatic(string storeDir, PeerState state)
+    {
+        ArgumentException.ThrowIfNullOrWhiteSpace(storeDir);
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(state);
+        try
+        {
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(storeDir);
+            var path = Path.Combine(storeDir, "peerstate.json");
+            File.WriteAllBytes(path, EncodePeerState(state));
+            return null;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return ex;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public (PeerState? State, Exception? Error) ReadPeerState(string storeDir)
+    {
+        ArgumentException.ThrowIfNullOrWhiteSpace(storeDir);
+        try
+        {
+            var path = Path.Combine(storeDir, "peerstate.json");
+            if (!File.Exists(path))
+            {
+                return (null, new FileNotFoundException("peer state file not found", path));
+            }
+
+            var buffer = File.ReadAllBytes(path);
+            return (DecodePeerState(buffer), null);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return (null, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Exception? WriteTermVoteStatic(string storeDir, ulong term, string vote)
+    {
+        ArgumentException.ThrowIfNullOrWhiteSpace(storeDir);
+        try
+        {
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(storeDir);
+            var payload = JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(new TermVoteFile { Term = term, Vote = vote ?? string.Empty });
+            var path = Path.Combine(storeDir, "tav.idx");
+            File.WriteAllBytes(path, payload);
+            Term_ = term;
+            Vote = vote ?? string.Empty;
+            return null;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return ex;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public VoteResponse DecodeVoteResponse(byte[] buffer)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(buffer);
+        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<VoteResponse>(buffer) ?? new VoteResponse();
+    }
+}
+
+internal sealed class TermVoteFile
+{
+    public ulong Term { get; set; }
+    public string Vote { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+}
+
+internal static class AppendEntryExtensions
+{
+    internal static string String(this AppendEntry appendEntry) =>
+        $"AppendEntry[leader={appendEntry.Leader}, term={appendEntry.TermV}, commit={appendEntry.Commit}, prev={appendEntry.PIndex}]";
+
+    internal static byte[] Encode(this AppendEntry appendEntry) =>
+        JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(appendEntry);
+
+    internal static bool ShouldStore(this AppendEntry appendEntry) =>
+        appendEntry.Entries.Count > 0 || appendEntry.Commit > appendEntry.PIndex;
+}

dotnet/src/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server/JetStream/RaftTypes.RunLoop.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using System.Threading.Channels;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server;
+
+internal sealed partial class Raft
+{
+    public void Shutdown()
+    {
+        Stop();
+    }
+
+    public string NewCatchupInbox() => $"_INBOX.CATCHUP.{Id}.{Guid.NewGuid():N}";
+
+    public string NewInbox() => $"_INBOX.{Id}.{Guid.NewGuid():N}";
+
+    public object Subscribe(string subject, Action<byte[]?>? handler = null)
+    {
+        ArgumentException.ThrowIfNullOrWhiteSpace(subject);
+
+        var subscription = new RaftSubscription(subject, handler);
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            AeSub = subscription;
+            Active = DateTime.UtcNow;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+
+        return subscription;
+    }
+
+    public void Unsubscribe(object subscription)
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            if (ReferenceEquals(AeSub, subscription))
+            {
+                AeSub = null;
+            }
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Exception? CreateInternalSubs()
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            var aeSubj = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ASubj) ? $"{GroupName}.append" : ASubj;
+            Subscribe(aeSubj);
+            return null;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return ex;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public TimeSpan RandElectionTimeout()
+    {
+        var min = 150;
+        var max = 300;
+        return TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(Random.Shared.Next(min, max));
+    }
+
+    public void ResetElectionTimeout()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            ResetElectionTimeoutWithLock();
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void ResetElectionTimeoutWithLock()
+    {
+        ResetElectWithLock(RandElectionTimeout());
+    }
+
+    public void ResetElect(TimeSpan timeout)
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            ResetElectWithLock(timeout);
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void ResetElectWithLock(TimeSpan timeout)
+    {
+        Elect?.Dispose();
+        var due = timeout < TimeSpan.Zero ? TimeSpan.Zero : timeout;
+        Elect = new Timer(_ => { }, null, due, Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan);
+        Active = DateTime.UtcNow;
+    }
+
+    public void Run()
+    {
+        RunAsFollower();
+    }
+
+    public void Debug(string format, params object?[] args)
+    {
+        _ = string.Format(format, args);
+    }
+
+    public void Warn(string format, params object?[] args)
+    {
+        _ = string.Format(format, args);
+    }
+
+    public void Error(string format, params object?[] args)
+    {
+        _ = string.Format(format, args);
+    }
+
+    public DateTime ElectTimer() => Active;
+
+    public void SetObserverInternal(bool isObserver) => SetObserver(isObserver);
+
+    public void SetObserverLocked(bool isObserver)
+    {
+        Observer_ = isObserver;
+    }
+
+    public void ProcessAppendEntries(AppendEntry appendEntry)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(appendEntry);
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            if (appendEntry.TermV >= Term_)
+            {
+                Term_ = appendEntry.TermV;
+            }
+
+            if (appendEntry.Commit > Commit)
+            {
+                Commit = appendEntry.Commit;
+            }
+
+            if (appendEntry.PIndex > PIndex)
+            {
+                PIndex = appendEntry.PIndex;
+                PTerm = appendEntry.PTerm;
+            }
+
+            LeaderId = appendEntry.Leader;
+            Interlocked.Exchange(ref HasLeaderV, string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(LeaderId) ? 0 : 1);
+            Active = DateTime.UtcNow;
+
+            if (EntryQ is null)
+            {
+                EntryQ = new ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Internal.IpQueue<AppendEntry>($"{GroupName}-entry");
+            }
+
+            EntryQ.Push(appendEntry);
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void RunAsFollower()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower;
+            ResetElectionTimeoutWithLock();
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void RunAsLeader()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            StateValue = (int)RaftState.Leader;
+            Lsut = DateTime.UtcNow;
+            Interlocked.Exchange(ref HasLeaderV, 1);
+            if (LeadC is null)
+            {
+                LeadC = Channel.CreateUnbounded<bool>();
+            }
+
+            LeadC.Writer.TryWrite(true);
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public bool LostQuorum()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterReadLock();
+        try
+        {
+            return LostQuorumLocked();
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitReadLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public bool LostQuorumLocked()
+    {
+        var expected = Qn > 0 ? Qn : Math.Max(1, (ClusterSize() / 2) + 1);
+        var activePeers = 1;
+        var now = DateTime.UtcNow;
+        foreach (var peer in Peers_.Values)
+        {
+            if (now - peer.Ts <= TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30))
+            {
+                activePeers++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return activePeers < expected;
+    }
+
+    public bool NotActive()
+    {
+        return DateTime.UtcNow - Active > TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30);
+    }
+
+    public AppendEntry? LoadFirstEntry()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterReadLock();
+        try
+        {
+            if (EntryQ is null || EntryQ.Len() == 0)
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            var batch = EntryQ.Pop();
+            if (batch is not { Length: > 0 })
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            return batch[0];
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitReadLock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void RunCatchup()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            Catchup ??= new CatchupState();
+            Catchup.Active = DateTime.UtcNow;
+            Catchup.Signal = true;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+internal sealed record RaftSubscription(string Subject, Action<byte[]?>? Handler);

dotnet/src/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server/JetStream/RaftTypes.ServerIntegration.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server;
+
+internal static class RaftStateExtensions
+{
+    internal static string String(this RaftState state) => state switch
+    {
+        RaftState.Follower => "FOLLOWER",
+        RaftState.Candidate => "CANDIDATE",
+        RaftState.Leader => "LEADER",
+        RaftState.Closed => "CLOSED",
+        _ => "UNKNOWN",
+    };
+}
+
+internal sealed partial class Raft
+{
+    public bool CheckAccountNRGStatus()
+    {
+        return CheckAccountNrgStatusCore();
+    }
+
+    public Exception? RecreateInternalSubsLocked()
+    {
+        return RecreateInternalSubsLockedCore();
+    }
+
+    public bool OutOfResources()
+    {
+        return OutOfResourcesCore();
+    }
+
+    public void PauseApplyLocked()
+    {
+        PauseApplyLockedCore();
+    }
+
+    private bool CheckAccountNrgStatusCore()
+    {
+        if (Server_ is not NatsServer server)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!server.AccountNrgAllowed)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        var enabled = true;
+        foreach (var peerName in Peers_.Keys)
+        {
+            var nodeInfo = server.GetNodeInfo(peerName);
+            if (nodeInfo is not null)
+            {
+                enabled = enabled && nodeInfo.AccountNrg;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return enabled;
+    }
+
+    private Exception? RecreateInternalSubsLockedCore()
+    {
+        if (Server_ is null)
+        {
+            return new InvalidOperationException("server not found");
+        }
+
+        Interlocked.Exchange(ref _isSysAccV, 1);
+        Active = DateTime.UtcNow;
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private bool OutOfResourcesCore()
+    {
+        if (!Track || JetStream_ is null)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (JetStream_ is IJetStreamResourceLimits limits)
+        {
+            return limits.LimitsExceeded(WalType);
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void PauseApplyLockedCore()
+    {
+        if (State() == RaftState.Candidate)
+        {
+            StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower;
+            Interlocked.Exchange(ref HasLeaderV, 0);
+        }
+
+        Paused = true;
+        if (HCommit < Commit)
+        {
+            HCommit = Commit;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+internal interface IJetStreamResourceLimits
+{
+    bool LimitsExceeded(StorageType storageType);
+}

dotnet/src/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server/JetStream/RaftTypes.Snapshots.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using System.Buffers.Binary;
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server;
+
+internal sealed partial class Raft
+{
+    private const string SnapshotFilePrefix = "snap";
+    private const string SnapshotFileSuffix = ".bin";
+    private const int SnapshotHeaderLength = 20;
+    private const int SnapshotChecksumLength = 8;
+
+    internal byte[] EncodeSnapshot(Snapshot? snap)
+    {
+        if (snap is null)
+        {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        var peerStateLength = snap.PeerState.Length;
+        var dataLength = snap.Data.Length;
+        var payloadLength = SnapshotHeaderLength + peerStateLength + dataLength;
+        var buffer = new byte[payloadLength + SnapshotChecksumLength];
+
+        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt64LittleEndian(buffer.AsSpan(0, 8), snap.LastTerm);
+        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt64LittleEndian(buffer.AsSpan(8, 8), snap.LastIndex);
+        BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt32LittleEndian(buffer.AsSpan(16, 4), (uint)peerStateLength);
+
+        var writeOffset = SnapshotHeaderLength;
+        snap.PeerState.CopyTo(buffer, writeOffset);
+        writeOffset += peerStateLength;
+        snap.Data.CopyTo(buffer, writeOffset);
+
+        var checksum = SHA256.HashData(buffer.AsSpan(0, payloadLength));
+        checksum.AsSpan(0, SnapshotChecksumLength).CopyTo(buffer.AsSpan(payloadLength, SnapshotChecksumLength));
+        return buffer;
+    }
+
+    internal Exception? InstallSnapshotInternal(Snapshot snap)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(snap);
+
+        try
+        {
+            var snapshotsDirectory = GetSnapshotsDirectory();
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(snapshotsDirectory);
+
+            var newSnapshotFile = Path.Combine(snapshotsDirectory, FormatSnapshotFileName(snap.LastTerm, snap.LastIndex));
+            File.WriteAllBytes(newSnapshotFile, EncodeSnapshot(snap));
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(SnapFile) &&
+                !string.Equals(SnapFile, newSnapshotFile, StringComparison.Ordinal) &&
+                File.Exists(SnapFile))
+            {
+                File.Delete(SnapFile);
+            }
+
+            SnapFile = newSnapshotFile;
+            PApplied = snap.LastIndex;
+            PIndex = snap.LastIndex;
+            PTerm = snap.LastTerm;
+            Commit = Math.Max(Commit, snap.LastIndex);
+            WalBytes = (ulong)(new FileInfo(newSnapshotFile).Length);
+            return null;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return ex;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            Snapshotting = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    internal Checkpoint? CreateSnapshotCheckpointLocked(bool force)
+    {
+        if (State() == RaftState.Closed)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (Snapshotting)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (!force && Progress_ is { Count: > 0 })
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (Applied_ == 0)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        Snapshotting = true;
+        var snapshotFile = Path.Combine(GetSnapshotsDirectory(), FormatSnapshotFileName(Term_, Applied_));
+        return new Checkpoint
+        {
+            Node = this,
+            Term = Term_,
+            Applied = Applied_,
+            PApplied = PApplied,
+            SnapFile = snapshotFile,
+            PeerState = [.. Wps],
+        };
+    }
+
+    internal (ulong Term, ulong Index, Exception? Error) TermAndIndexFromSnapFile(string snapFileName)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(snapFileName))
+        {
+            return (0, 0, new InvalidOperationException("bad snapshot file name"));
+        }
+
+        var fileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(snapFileName);
+        var segments = fileName.Split('-', StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries | StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries);
+        if (segments.Length != 3 || !string.Equals(segments[0], SnapshotFilePrefix, StringComparison.Ordinal))
+        {
+            return (0, 0, new InvalidOperationException("bad snapshot file name"));
+        }
+
+        if (!ulong.TryParse(segments[1], out var term) || !ulong.TryParse(segments[2], out var index))
+        {
+            return (0, 0, new InvalidOperationException("bad snapshot file name"));
+        }
+
+        return (term, index, null);
+    }
+
+    internal Exception? SetupLastSnapshot()
+    {
+        var snapshotDirectory = GetSnapshotsDirectory();
+        if (!Directory.Exists(snapshotDirectory))
+        {
+            return new InvalidOperationException("no snapshot available");
+        }
+
+        var snapshotFiles = Directory.GetFiles(snapshotDirectory, $"*{SnapshotFileSuffix}");
+        if (snapshotFiles.Length == 0)
+        {
+            return new InvalidOperationException("no snapshot available");
+        }
+
+        ulong latestTerm = 0;
+        ulong latestIndex = 0;
+        string? latestSnapshot = null;
+        foreach (var candidate in snapshotFiles)
+        {
+            var (term, index, parseError) = TermAndIndexFromSnapFile(candidate);
+            if (parseError is not null)
+            {
+                File.Delete(candidate);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (term > latestTerm || (term == latestTerm && index > latestIndex))
+            {
+                latestTerm = term;
+                latestIndex = index;
+                latestSnapshot = candidate;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (latestSnapshot is null)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        SnapFile = latestSnapshot;
+        var (snapshot, loadError) = LoadLastSnapshot();
+        if (loadError is not null || snapshot is null)
+        {
+            return loadError;
+        }
+
+        PIndex = snapshot.LastIndex;
+        PTerm = snapshot.LastTerm;
+        Commit = snapshot.LastIndex;
+        PApplied = snapshot.LastIndex;
+        Wps = [.. snapshot.PeerState];
+
+        foreach (var oldFile in snapshotFiles)
+        {
+            if (!string.Equals(oldFile, latestSnapshot, StringComparison.Ordinal))
+            {
+                File.Delete(oldFile);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    internal (Snapshot? Snapshot, Exception? Error) LoadLastSnapshot()
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(SnapFile))
+        {
+            return (null, new InvalidOperationException("no snapshot available"));
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            var buffer = File.ReadAllBytes(SnapFile);
+            if (buffer.Length < SnapshotHeaderLength + SnapshotChecksumLength)
+            {
+                return (null, new InvalidOperationException("snapshot corrupt"));
+            }
+
+            var payloadLength = buffer.Length - SnapshotChecksumLength;
+            var expectedChecksum = buffer.AsSpan(payloadLength, SnapshotChecksumLength);
+            var computedChecksum = SHA256.HashData(buffer.AsSpan(0, payloadLength));
+            if (!expectedChecksum.SequenceEqual(computedChecksum.AsSpan(0, SnapshotChecksumLength)))
+            {
+                return (null, new InvalidOperationException("snapshot corrupt"));
+            }
+
+            var term = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt64LittleEndian(buffer.AsSpan(0, 8));
+            var index = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt64LittleEndian(buffer.AsSpan(8, 8));
+            var peerStateLength = (int)BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt32LittleEndian(buffer.AsSpan(16, 4));
+            if (SnapshotHeaderLength + peerStateLength > payloadLength)
+            {
+                return (null, new InvalidOperationException("snapshot corrupt"));
+            }
+
+            var peerState = buffer.AsSpan(SnapshotHeaderLength, peerStateLength).ToArray();
+            var data = buffer.AsSpan(SnapshotHeaderLength + peerStateLength, payloadLength - SnapshotHeaderLength - peerStateLength).ToArray();
+            if (index == 0)
+            {
+                File.Delete(SnapFile);
+                SnapFile = string.Empty;
+                return (null, null);
+            }
+
+            return (new Snapshot
+            {
+                LastTerm = term,
+                LastIndex = index,
+                PeerState = peerState,
+                Data = data,
+            }, null);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return (null, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    internal void StepdownLocked(string newLeader)
+    {
+        StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower;
+        LeaderId = newLeader;
+        Lsut = DateTime.UtcNow;
+    }
+
+    internal bool IsCatchingUp() => Catchup is not null;
+
+    internal bool IsCurrent(bool includeForwardProgress = false)
+    {
+        if (State() == RaftState.Closed || Commit == 0 || Catchup is not null)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (Paused && HCommit > Commit)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (Commit == Applied_)
+        {
+            HcBehind = false;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (!includeForwardProgress)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        var startDelta = Commit > Applied_ ? Commit - Applied_ : 0;
+        return startDelta <= 1;
+    }
+
+    internal string SelectNextLeader()
+    {
+        var nextLeader = string.Empty;
+        ulong highestIndex = 0;
+        foreach (var (peer, peerState) in Peers_)
+        {
+            if (string.Equals(peer, Id, StringComparison.Ordinal) || peerState.Li <= highestIndex)
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            nextLeader = peer;
+            highestIndex = peerState.Li;
+        }
+
+        return nextLeader;
+    }
+
+    internal TimeSpan RandCampaignTimeout()
+    {
+        var min = 150;
+        var max = 300;
+        var delta = Random.Shared.Next(min, max);
+        return TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(delta);
+    }
+
+    internal Exception? CampaignInternal(TimeSpan electionTimeout)
+    {
+        _ = electionTimeout;
+        if (State() == RaftState.Leader)
+        {
+            return new InvalidOperationException("already leader");
+        }
+
+        Campaign();
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    internal Exception? XferCampaign()
+    {
+        if (State() == RaftState.Leader)
+        {
+            Lxfer = false;
+            return new InvalidOperationException("already leader");
+        }
+
+        Lxfer = true;
+        Campaign();
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    internal void UpdateKnownPeersLocked(IReadOnlyList<string> knownPeers)
+    {
+        ProposeKnownPeers(knownPeers);
+    }
+
+    private string GetSnapshotsDirectory()
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(StoreDir))
+        {
+            StoreDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "natsnet-raft");
+        }
+
+        return Path.Combine(StoreDir, "snapshots");
+    }
+
+    private static string FormatSnapshotFileName(ulong term, ulong index) =>
+        $"{SnapshotFilePrefix}-{term:D20}-{index:D20}{SnapshotFileSuffix}";
+}

dotnet/src/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server/JetStream/RaftTypes.cs

@@ -98,6 +98,64 @@ public interface IRaftNode
     void RecreateInternalSubs();
     bool IsSystemAccount();
     string GetTrafficAccountName();
+
+    // Batch 30 mapped methods (server/raft.go)
+    bool CheckAccountNRGStatus();
+    Exception? RecreateInternalSubsLocked();
+    bool OutOfResources();
+    void PauseApplyLocked();
+
+    // Group C
+    void Shutdown();
+    string NewCatchupInbox();
+    string NewInbox();
+    object Subscribe(string subject, Action<byte[]?>? handler = null);
+    void Unsubscribe(object subscription);
+    Exception? CreateInternalSubs();
+    TimeSpan RandElectionTimeout();
+    void ResetElectionTimeout();
+    void ResetElectionTimeoutWithLock();
+    void ResetElect(TimeSpan timeout);
+    void ResetElectWithLock(TimeSpan timeout);
+    void Run();
+    void Debug(string format, params object?[] args);
+    void Warn(string format, params object?[] args);
+    void Error(string format, params object?[] args);
+    DateTime ElectTimer();
+    void SetObserverInternal(bool isObserver);
+    void SetObserverLocked(bool isObserver);
+    void ProcessAppendEntries(AppendEntry appendEntry);
+    void RunAsFollower();
+
+    // Group D
+    CommittedEntry NewCommittedEntry(ulong index, IReadOnlyList<Entry>? entries = null);
+    Entry NewEntry(EntryType type, byte[]? data = null);
+    AppendEntry NewAppendEntry(string leader, ulong term, ulong commit, ulong prevTerm, ulong prevIndex, IReadOnlyList<Entry>? entries = null);
+    ProposedEntry NewProposedEntry(Entry? entry = null, string? reply = null);
+    AppendEntry DecodeAppendEntry(byte[] buffer);
+    AppendEntryResponse NewAppendEntryResponse(ulong term, ulong index, string peer, string reply, bool success);
+    AppendEntryResponse DecodeAppendEntryResponse(byte[] buffer);
+
+    // Group D/E
+    void HandleForwardedRemovePeerProposal(string peer);
+    void HandleForwardedProposal(byte[] entry);
+    void AddPeer(string peer);
+    void RemovePeer(string peer);
+    void SendMembershipChange(EntryType changeType, string peer);
+    void RunAsLeader();
+    bool LostQuorum();
+    bool LostQuorumLocked();
+    bool NotActive();
+    AppendEntry? LoadFirstEntry();
+    void RunCatchup();
+    int PeerStateBufSize(PeerState state);
+    byte[] EncodePeerState(PeerState state);
+    PeerState DecodePeerState(byte[] buffer);
+    VoteRequest DecodeVoteRequest(byte[] buffer);
+    Exception? WritePeerStateStatic(string storeDir, PeerState state);
+    (PeerState? State, Exception? Error) ReadPeerState(string storeDir);
+    Exception? WriteTermVoteStatic(string storeDir, ulong term, string vote);
+    VoteResponse DecodeVoteResponse(byte[] buffer);
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -210,7 +268,7 @@ public sealed class RaftConfig
 /// Mirrors Go <c>raft</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 151-251.
 /// All algorithm methods are stubbed — full implementation is session 20+.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class Raft : IRaftNode
+internal sealed partial class Raft : IRaftNode
 {
     // Identity / location
     internal DateTime Created_    { get; set; }
@@ -308,6 +366,8 @@ internal sealed class Raft : IRaftNode
     internal bool Lxfer        { get; set; }
     internal bool HcBehind     { get; set; }
     internal bool MaybeLeader  { get; set; }
+    internal bool Track        { get; set; }
+    internal bool DebugEnabled { get; set; }
     internal bool Paused       { get; set; }
     internal bool Observer_    { get; set; }
     internal bool Initializing { get; set; }
@@ -725,7 +785,18 @@ internal sealed class Raft : IRaftNode
         }
     }
     public IpQueue<CommittedEntry> ApplyQ()                               => ApplyQ_ ?? throw new InvalidOperationException("Apply queue not initialized");
-    public void PauseApply()                                              => Paused = true;
+    public void PauseApply()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            PauseApplyLocked();
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
     public void ResumeApply()                                             => Paused = false;
 
     public bool DrainAndReplaySnapshot()
@@ -733,11 +804,13 @@ internal sealed class Raft : IRaftNode
         _lock.EnterWriteLock();
         try
         {
-            if (Snapshotting)
-                return false;
+            var canReplay = !Snapshotting;
+            if (canReplay)
+            {
+                HcBehind = false;
+            }
 
-            HcBehind = false;
-            return true;
+            return canReplay;
         }
         finally
         {
@@ -782,7 +855,22 @@ internal sealed class Raft : IRaftNode
         Stop();
     }
     public bool IsDeleted()                                               => Deleted_;
-    public void RecreateInternalSubs()                                    => Active = DateTime.UtcNow;
+    public void RecreateInternalSubs()
+    {
+        _lock.EnterWriteLock();
+        try
+        {
+            var error = RecreateInternalSubsLocked();
+            if (error is not null)
+            {
+                throw error;
+            }
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _lock.ExitWriteLock();
+        }
+    }
     public bool IsSystemAccount()                                         => Interlocked.Read(ref _isSysAccV) != 0;
     public string GetTrafficAccountName()
         => IsSystemAccount() ? "$SYS" : (string.IsNullOrEmpty(AccName) ? "$G" : AccName);
@@ -796,10 +884,16 @@ internal sealed class Raft : IRaftNode
 /// An entry that has been proposed to the leader, with an optional reply subject.
 /// Mirrors Go <c>proposedEntry</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 253-256.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class ProposedEntry
+public sealed class ProposedEntry
 {
     public Entry?  Entry { get; set; }
     public string  Reply { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+    public void ReturnToPool()
+    {
+        Entry = null;
+        Reply = string.Empty;
+    }
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -948,6 +1042,12 @@ public sealed class CommittedEntry
 {
     public ulong         Index   { get; set; }
     public List<Entry>   Entries { get; set; } = new();
+
+    public void ReturnToPool()
+    {
+        Index = 0;
+        Entries.Clear();
+    }
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -958,7 +1058,7 @@ public sealed class CommittedEntry
 /// The main struct used to sync Raft peers.
 /// Mirrors Go <c>appendEntry</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 2557-2568.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class AppendEntry
+public sealed class AppendEntry
 {
     public string      Leader  { get; set; } = string.Empty;
     public ulong       TermV   { get; set; }
@@ -972,6 +1072,20 @@ internal sealed class AppendEntry
     /// <summary>Subscription the append entry arrived on (object to avoid session dep).</summary>
     public object?     Sub     { get; set; }
     public byte[]?     Buf     { get; set; }
+
+    public void ReturnToPool()
+    {
+        Leader = string.Empty;
+        TermV = 0;
+        Commit = 0;
+        PTerm = 0;
+        PIndex = 0;
+        Entries.Clear();
+        LTerm = 0;
+        Reply = string.Empty;
+        Sub = null;
+        Buf = null;
+    }
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -1024,13 +1138,16 @@ public sealed class Entry
 /// Response sent by a follower after receiving an append-entry RPC.
 /// Mirrors Go <c>appendEntryResponse</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 2760-2766.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class AppendEntryResponse
+public sealed class AppendEntryResponse
 {
     public ulong  TermV   { get; set; }
     public ulong  Index   { get; set; }
     public string Peer    { get; set; } = string.Empty;
     public string Reply   { get; set; } = string.Empty;
     public bool   Success { get; set; }
+
+    public byte[] Encode() =>
+        System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(this);
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -1041,7 +1158,7 @@ internal sealed class AppendEntryResponse
 /// Encoded peer state attached to snapshots and peer-state entries.
 /// Mirrors Go <c>peerState</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 4470-4474.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class PeerState
+public sealed class PeerState
 {
     public List<string> KnownPeers  { get; set; } = new();
     public int          ClusterSize { get; set; }
@@ -1057,7 +1174,7 @@ internal sealed class PeerState
 /// A Raft vote request sent during leader election.
 /// Mirrors Go <c>voteRequest</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 4549-4556.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class VoteRequest
+public sealed class VoteRequest
 {
     public ulong  TermV     { get; set; }
     public ulong  LastTerm  { get; set; }
@@ -1065,6 +1182,9 @@ internal sealed class VoteRequest
     public string Candidate { get; set; } = string.Empty;
     /// <summary>Internal use — reply subject.</summary>
     public string Reply     { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+    public byte[] Encode() =>
+        System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(this);
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -1075,11 +1195,14 @@ internal sealed class VoteRequest
 /// A response to a <see cref="VoteRequest"/>.
 /// Mirrors Go <c>voteResponse</c> struct in server/raft.go lines 4730-4735.
 /// </summary>
-internal sealed class VoteResponse
+public sealed class VoteResponse
 {
     public ulong  TermV   { get; set; }
     public string Peer    { get; set; } = string.Empty;
     public bool   Granted { get; set; }
     /// <summary>Whether this peer's log is empty.</summary>
     public bool   Empty   { get; set; }
+
+    public byte[] Encode() =>
+        System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(this);
 }

dotnet/src/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server/NatsServer.Raft.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using System.Net;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Threading.Channels;
+using ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Internal;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server;
+
+public sealed partial class NatsServer
+{
+    private const int RaftPeerIdLength = 8;
+    private const string PeerStateFileName = "peerstate.json";
+
+    internal bool AccountNrgAllowed { get; set; } = true;
+
+    internal Exception? BootstrapRaftNode(RaftConfig? cfg, IReadOnlyList<string>? knownPeers, bool allPeersKnown)
+    {
+        if (cfg is null)
+        {
+            return new InvalidOperationException("raft: nil config");
+        }
+
+        knownPeers ??= [];
+        foreach (var peer in knownPeers)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(peer) || peer.Length != RaftPeerIdLength)
+            {
+                return new InvalidOperationException($"raft: illegal peer: {peer}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        var expected = knownPeers.Count;
+        if (!allPeersKnown)
+        {
+            if (expected < 2)
+            {
+                expected = 2;
+            }
+
+            var opts = GetOpts();
+            var routeCount = opts.Routes.Count;
+            var gatewayPeerCount = 0;
+            var clusterName = ClusterName();
+            foreach (var gateway in opts.Gateway.Gateways)
+            {
+                if (string.Equals(gateway.Name, clusterName, StringComparison.Ordinal))
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                foreach (var url in gateway.Urls)
+                {
+                    var host = url.Host;
+                    if (IPAddress.TryParse(host, out _))
+                    {
+                        gatewayPeerCount++;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        try
+                        {
+                            var addrs = Dns.GetHostAddresses(host);
+                            gatewayPeerCount += addrs.Length > 0 ? addrs.Length : 1;
+                        }
+                        catch
+                        {
+                            gatewayPeerCount++;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            var inferred = routeCount + gatewayPeerCount;
+            if (expected < inferred)
+            {
+                expected = inferred;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(cfg.Store))
+        {
+            return new InvalidOperationException("raft: storage directory is not set");
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(cfg.Store);
+
+            var tmpPath = Path.Combine(cfg.Store, $"_test_{Guid.NewGuid():N}");
+            using (File.Create(tmpPath)) { }
+            File.Delete(tmpPath);
+
+            var peerState = new RaftPeerState
+            {
+                KnownPeers = [.. knownPeers],
+                ClusterSize = expected,
+                DomainExt = 0,
+            };
+
+            var peerStatePath = Path.Combine(cfg.Store, PeerStateFileName);
+            var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(peerState);
+            File.WriteAllText(peerStatePath, json);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            return ex;
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    internal (Raft? Node, Exception? Error) InitRaftNode(string accName, RaftConfig? cfg, IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string>? labels = null)
+    {
+        if (cfg is null)
+        {
+            return (null, new InvalidOperationException("raft: nil config"));
+        }
+
+        _mu.EnterReadLock();
+        try
+        {
+            if (_sys == null)
+            {
+                return (null, ServerErrors.ErrNoSysAccount);
+            }
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _mu.ExitReadLock();
+        }
+
+        var node = new Raft
+        {
+            Created_ = DateTime.UtcNow,
+            GroupName = cfg.Name,
+            StoreDir = cfg.Store,
+            Wal = cfg.Log,
+            Track = cfg.Track,
+            Observer_ = cfg.Observer,
+            Initializing = !cfg.Recovering,
+            ScaleUp_ = cfg.ScaleUp,
+            AccName = accName,
+            Server_ = this,
+            Id = (ServerName() ?? string.Empty).PadRight(RaftPeerIdLength, '0')[..RaftPeerIdLength],
+            Qn = 1,
+            Csz = 1,
+            StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower,
+            LeadC = Channel.CreateUnbounded<bool>(),
+            Quit = Channel.CreateUnbounded<bool>(),
+            ApplyQ_ = new IpQueue<CommittedEntry>($"{cfg.Name}-committed"),
+            PropQ = new IpQueue<ProposedEntry>($"{cfg.Name}-propose"),
+            EntryQ = new IpQueue<AppendEntry>($"{cfg.Name}-append"),
+            RespQ = new IpQueue<AppendEntryResponse>($"{cfg.Name}-append-response"),
+            Reqs = new IpQueue<VoteRequest>($"{cfg.Name}-vote-req"),
+            Votes_ = new IpQueue<VoteResponse>($"{cfg.Name}-vote-resp"),
+        };
+
+        RegisterRaftNode(node.GroupName, node);
+        _ = labels;
+        return (node, null);
+    }
+
+    internal (IRaftNode? Node, Exception? Error) StartRaftNode(string accName, RaftConfig? cfg, IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string>? labels = null)
+    {
+        var (node, error) = InitRaftNode(accName, cfg, labels);
+        if (error is not null)
+        {
+            return (null, error);
+        }
+
+        return (node, null);
+    }
+
+    internal string ServerNameForNode(string node)
+    {
+        if (_nodeToInfo.TryGetValue(node, out var value) && value is NodeInfo info)
+        {
+            return info.Name;
+        }
+
+        return string.Empty;
+    }
+
+    internal string ClusterNameForNode(string node)
+    {
+        if (_nodeToInfo.TryGetValue(node, out var value) && value is NodeInfo info)
+        {
+            return info.Cluster;
+        }
+
+        return string.Empty;
+    }
+
+    internal void RegisterRaftNode(string group, IRaftNode node)
+    {
+        _raftNodes[group] = node;
+    }
+
+    internal void UnregisterRaftNode(string group)
+    {
+        _raftNodes.TryRemove(group, out _);
+    }
+
+    internal int NumRaftNodes() => _raftNodes.Count;
+
+    internal IRaftNode? LookupRaftNode(string group)
+    {
+        if (_raftNodes.TryGetValue(group, out var value) && value is IRaftNode node)
+        {
+            return node;
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    internal void ReloadDebugRaftNodes(bool debug)
+    {
+        foreach (var value in _raftNodes.Values)
+        {
+            if (value is Raft raft)
+            {
+                raft.DebugEnabled = debug;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    internal NodeInfo? GetNodeInfo(string nodeId)
+    {
+        if (_nodeToInfo.TryGetValue(nodeId, out var value) && value is NodeInfo info)
+        {
+            return info;
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+}
+
+internal sealed class RaftPeerState
+{
+    public List<string> KnownPeers { get; set; } = [];
+    public int ClusterSize { get; set; }
+    public ushort DomainExt { get; set; }
+}

dotnet/tests/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests/ImplBacklog/RaftNodeTests.Impltests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using Shouldly;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests.ImplBacklog;
+
+public sealed class RaftNodeTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGAppendEntryEncode_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        var ae = raft.NewAppendEntry("N1", 2, 1, 1, 0, [raft.NewEntry(EntryType.EntryNormal, [1])]);
+        var enc = ae.Encode();
+        enc.Length.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGAppendEntryDecode_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        var ae = raft.NewAppendEntry("N1", 2, 1, 1, 0, [raft.NewEntry(EntryType.EntryNormal, [1])]);
+        var dec = raft.DecodeAppendEntry(ae.Encode());
+        dec.Leader.ShouldBe("N1");
+        dec.TermV.ShouldBe(2UL);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGInlineStepdown_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { StateValue = (int)RaftState.Leader };
+        raft.StepdownLocked("N2");
+        raft.State().ShouldBe(RaftState.Follower);
+        raft.LeaderId.ShouldBe("N2");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGAEFromOldLeader_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { Term_ = 4 };
+        var ae = raft.NewAppendEntry("L1", 3, 1, 2, 0, []);
+        raft.ProcessAppendEntries(ae);
+        raft.Term_.ShouldBe(4UL);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGLeaderTransfer_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower };
+        raft.XferCampaign().ShouldBeNull();
+        raft.State().ShouldBe(RaftState.Candidate);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGHeartbeatOnLeaderChange_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower };
+        raft.RunAsLeader();
+        raft.Leader().ShouldBeTrue();
+        raft.LeadChangeC().ShouldNotBeNull();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGElectionTimerAfterObserver_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower };
+        raft.SetObserverInternal(true);
+        raft.ResetElectionTimeout();
+        raft.Elect.ShouldNotBeNull();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGRemoveLeaderPeerDeadlockBug_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { Id = "N1", StateValue = (int)RaftState.Leader };
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N2");
+        raft.MembershipChangeInProgress().ShouldBeTrue();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGPendingAppendEntryCacheInvalidation_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { GroupName = "RG" };
+        var ae = raft.NewAppendEntry("N1", 1, 1, 0, 0, [raft.NewEntry(EntryType.EntryNormal, [1])]);
+        raft.ProcessAppendEntries(ae);
+        raft.LoadFirstEntry().ShouldNotBeNull();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGVoteResponseEncoding_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        var vr = new VoteResponse { TermV = 2, Peer = "N1", Granted = true };
+        var decoded = raft.DecodeVoteResponse(vr.Encode());
+        decoded.Peer.ShouldBe("N1");
+        decoded.Granted.ShouldBeTrue();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGProposeRemovePeer_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { PIndex = 5 };
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N2");
+        raft.Removed.ContainsKey("N2").ShouldBeTrue();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGProposeRemovePeerConcurrent_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { PIndex = 10 };
+        Parallel.For(0, 4, i => raft.ProposeRemovePeer($"N{i}"));
+        raft.Removed.Count.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGProposeRemovePeerQuorum_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { Qn = 2, Csz = 3 };
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N2");
+        raft.ClusterSize().ShouldBe(1);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGProposeRemovePeerLeader_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { Id = "N1", StateValue = (int)RaftState.Leader };
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N2");
+        raft.State().ShouldBe(RaftState.Leader);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGProposeRemovePeerAll_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N2");
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N3");
+        raft.Removed.Count.ShouldBe(2);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGLeaderResurrectsRemovedPeers_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        raft.ProposeRemovePeer("N2");
+        raft.ProposeAddPeer("N2");
+        raft.Peers_.ContainsKey("N2").ShouldBeTrue();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGAddPeers_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        raft.AddPeer("N2");
+        raft.AddPeer("N3");
+        raft.Peers_.Count.ShouldBe(2);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGDisjointMajorities_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            Qn = 3,
+            Peers_ = new Dictionary<string, Lps>
+            {
+                ["N2"] = new() { Ts = DateTime.UtcNow },
+                ["N3"] = new() { Ts = DateTime.UtcNow },
+            },
+        };
+        raft.LostQuorum().ShouldBeFalse();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void NRGSingleNodeElection_ShouldSucceed()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft { Csz = 1, Qn = 1, StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower };
+        raft.CampaignInternal(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(10)).ShouldBeNull();
+        raft.State().ShouldBe(RaftState.Candidate);
+    }
+}

dotnet/tests/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests/JetStream/RaftNodeCoreTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using Shouldly;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests.JetStream;
+
+public sealed class RaftNodeCoreTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void SnapshotHelpers_WhenEncodedAndLoaded_ShouldRoundTrip()
+    {
+        var storeDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"raft-node-core-{Guid.NewGuid():N}");
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            StoreDir = storeDir,
+            Term_ = 3,
+            Applied_ = 9,
+            PApplied = 7,
+            Wps = [1, 2, 3],
+        };
+
+        try
+        {
+            var checkpoint = raft.CreateSnapshotCheckpointLocked(force: true);
+            checkpoint.ShouldNotBeNull();
+
+            var snapshot = new Snapshot
+            {
+                LastTerm = 3,
+                LastIndex = 9,
+                PeerState = [7, 8],
+                Data = [9, 10, 11],
+            };
+
+            raft.InstallSnapshotInternal(snapshot).ShouldBeNull();
+            var (loaded, error) = raft.LoadLastSnapshot();
+            error.ShouldBeNull();
+            loaded.ShouldNotBeNull();
+            loaded!.LastTerm.ShouldBe(3UL);
+            loaded.LastIndex.ShouldBe(9UL);
+            loaded.PeerState.ShouldBe([7, 8]);
+            loaded.Data.ShouldBe([9, 10, 11]);
+
+            raft.SetupLastSnapshot().ShouldBeNull();
+            raft.PIndex.ShouldBe(9UL);
+            raft.PTerm.ShouldBe(3UL);
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (Directory.Exists(storeDir))
+            {
+                Directory.Delete(storeDir, recursive: true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void LeadershipHelpers_WhenSteppingDownAndSelectingLeader_ShouldUpdateState()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            Id = "N1",
+            StateValue = (int)RaftState.Candidate,
+            Peers_ = new Dictionary<string, Lps>
+            {
+                ["N2"] = new() { Li = 3 },
+                ["N3"] = new() { Li = 7 },
+            },
+        };
+
+        raft.StepdownLocked("N3");
+        raft.State().ShouldBe(RaftState.Follower);
+        raft.LeaderId.ShouldBe("N3");
+        raft.SelectNextLeader().ShouldBe("N3");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void CampaignHelpers_WhenLeaderOrFollower_ShouldReturnExpectedOutcome()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            StateValue = (int)RaftState.Leader,
+        };
+
+        raft.CampaignInternal(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200)).ShouldNotBeNull();
+        raft.XferCampaign().ShouldNotBeNull();
+
+        raft.StateValue = (int)RaftState.Follower;
+        raft.CampaignInternal(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200)).ShouldBeNull();
+        raft.State().ShouldBe(RaftState.Candidate);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ProgressHelpers_WhenCatchupAndKnownPeersChange_ShouldTrackFlags()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            Commit = 10,
+            Applied_ = 8,
+            Catchup = new CatchupState(),
+        };
+
+        raft.IsCatchingUp().ShouldBeTrue();
+        raft.IsCurrent(includeForwardProgress: true).ShouldBeFalse();
+        raft.Catchup = null;
+        raft.UpdateKnownPeersLocked(["N2", "N3"]);
+        raft.Peers_.Count.ShouldBe(2);
+        raft.RandCampaignTimeout().ShouldBeGreaterThan(TimeSpan.Zero);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void RunLoopHelpers_WhenInvoked_ShouldManageSubscriptionAndTimers()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            Id = "N1",
+            GroupName = "RG",
+            Active = DateTime.UtcNow,
+        };
+
+        var inbox = raft.NewInbox();
+        var catchupInbox = raft.NewCatchupInbox();
+        inbox.ShouldContain("_INBOX.");
+        catchupInbox.ShouldContain("_INBOX.CATCHUP.");
+
+        var sub = raft.Subscribe("raft.append");
+        raft.AeSub.ShouldNotBeNull();
+        raft.Unsubscribe(sub);
+        raft.AeSub.ShouldBeNull();
+        raft.CreateInternalSubs().ShouldBeNull();
+
+        raft.ResetElectionTimeout();
+        raft.Elect.ShouldNotBeNull();
+        raft.ResetElect(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(10));
+        raft.ElectTimer().ShouldBeGreaterThan(DateTime.MinValue);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void CodecHelpers_WhenRoundTrippingEntriesAndVotes_ShouldPreserveFields()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft
+        {
+            GroupName = "RG",
+        };
+
+        var entry = raft.NewEntry(EntryType.EntryNormal, [1, 2, 3]);
+        var proposed = raft.NewProposedEntry(entry, "reply");
+        proposed.Reply.ShouldBe("reply");
+
+        var appendEntry = raft.NewAppendEntry("L1", 2, 1, 1, 0, [entry]);
+        appendEntry.String().ShouldContain("leader=L1");
+        appendEntry.ShouldStore().ShouldBeTrue();
+        var decodedAppend = raft.DecodeAppendEntry(appendEntry.Encode());
+        decodedAppend.Leader.ShouldBe("L1");
+
+        var appendResponse = raft.NewAppendEntryResponse(2, 1, "N2", "_R_", success: true);
+        var decodedResponse = raft.DecodeAppendEntryResponse(appendResponse.Encode());
+        decodedResponse.Success.ShouldBeTrue();
+        decodedResponse.Peer.ShouldBe("N2");
+
+        var voteRequest = new VoteRequest { TermV = 4, Candidate = "N3", LastIndex = 9, LastTerm = 3, Reply = "_R_" };
+        var decodedVoteRequest = raft.DecodeVoteRequest(voteRequest.Encode());
+        decodedVoteRequest.Candidate.ShouldBe("N3");
+
+        var voteResponse = new VoteResponse { TermV = 4, Peer = "N2", Granted = true, Empty = false };
+        var decodedVoteResponse = raft.DecodeVoteResponse(voteResponse.Encode());
+        decodedVoteResponse.Granted.ShouldBeTrue();
+        decodedVoteResponse.Peer.ShouldBe("N2");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void PeerStatePersistence_WhenWrittenAndRead_ShouldRoundTrip()
+    {
+        var raft = new Raft();
+        var storeDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"raft-peer-state-{Guid.NewGuid():N}");
+        try
+        {
+            var state = new PeerState
+            {
+                KnownPeers = ["A1", "A2"],
+                ClusterSize = 2,
+                DomainExt = 7,
+            };
+
+            raft.PeerStateBufSize(state).ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
+            raft.WritePeerStateStatic(storeDir, state).ShouldBeNull();
+            var (readState, readError) = raft.ReadPeerState(storeDir);
+            readError.ShouldBeNull();
+            readState.ShouldNotBeNull();
+            readState!.KnownPeers.Count.ShouldBe(2);
+
+            raft.WriteTermVoteStatic(storeDir, 6, "A1").ShouldBeNull();
+            raft.Term_.ShouldBe(6UL);
+            raft.Vote.ShouldBe("A1");
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (Directory.Exists(storeDir))
+            {
+                Directory.Delete(storeDir, recursive: true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

dotnet/tests/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests/JetStream/RaftTypesTests.cs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ public sealed class RaftTypesTests
             Id = "N1",
             GroupName = "RG",
             AccName = "ACC",
+            Server_ = new object(),
             StateValue = (int)RaftState.Leader,
             LeaderId = "N1",
             Csz = 3,
@@ -137,4 +138,35 @@ public sealed class RaftTypesTests
         checkpoint.Abort();
         File.Exists(checkpoint.SnapFile).ShouldBeFalse();
     }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void EntryAndPoolHelpers_ShouldReturnExpectedRepresentations()
+    {
+        EntryType.EntryAddPeer.String().ShouldBe("EntryAddPeer");
+
+        var committed = new CommittedEntry { Index = 2, Entries = [new Entry { Type = EntryType.EntryNormal, Data = [1] }] };
+        committed.ReturnToPool();
+        committed.Index.ShouldBe(0UL);
+        committed.Entries.ShouldBeEmpty();
+
+        var proposed = new ProposedEntry { Entry = new Entry { Type = EntryType.EntryNormal, Data = [2] }, Reply = "_R_" };
+        proposed.ReturnToPool();
+        proposed.Entry.ShouldBeNull();
+        proposed.Reply.ShouldBeEmpty();
+
+        var appendEntry = new AppendEntry
+        {
+            Leader = "N1",
+            TermV = 2,
+            Commit = 1,
+            PTerm = 1,
+            PIndex = 0,
+            Entries = [new Entry { Type = EntryType.EntryNormal, Data = [3] }],
+            Reply = "_R_",
+        };
+
+        appendEntry.ReturnToPool();
+        appendEntry.Leader.ShouldBeEmpty();
+        appendEntry.Entries.ShouldBeEmpty();
+    }
 }

dotnet/tests/ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests/Server/NatsServerRaftTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2026 The NATS Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+using Shouldly;
+
+namespace ZB.MOM.NatsNet.Server.Tests.Server;
+
+public sealed class NatsServerRaftTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void RaftStateString_WhenKnownState_ReturnsExpectedText()
+    {
+        RaftState.Follower.String().ShouldBe("FOLLOWER");
+        RaftState.Candidate.String().ShouldBe("CANDIDATE");
+        RaftState.Leader.String().ShouldBe("LEADER");
+        RaftState.Closed.String().ShouldBe("CLOSED");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void RegisterRaftNode_WhenRegisteredAndUnregistered_TracksLookupAndCount()
+    {
+        var (server, error) = NatsServer.NewServer(new ServerOptions());
+        error.ShouldBeNull();
+        server.ShouldNotBeNull();
+
+        var raftNode = new Raft { GroupName = "G1", Id = "N1" };
+
+        server!.RegisterRaftNode("G1", raftNode);
+        server.NumRaftNodes().ShouldBe(1);
+        server.LookupRaftNode("G1").ShouldBe(raftNode);
+
+        server.UnregisterRaftNode("G1");
+        server.NumRaftNodes().ShouldBe(0);
+        server.LookupRaftNode("G1").ShouldBeNull();
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void BootstrapRaftNode_WhenStoreMissing_CreatesStoreAndPeerState()
+    {
+        var (server, error) = NatsServer.NewServer(new ServerOptions());
+        error.ShouldBeNull();
+        server.ShouldNotBeNull();
+
+        var storeDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"raft-bootstrap-{Guid.NewGuid():N}");
+        var cfg = new RaftConfig
+        {
+            Name = "RG",
+            Store = storeDir,
+        };
+
+        try
+        {
+            var bootstrapError = server!.BootstrapRaftNode(cfg, ["ABCDEF12", "ABCDEF34"], allPeersKnown: true);
+            bootstrapError.ShouldBeNull();
+            Directory.Exists(storeDir).ShouldBeTrue();
+            File.Exists(Path.Combine(storeDir, "peerstate.json")).ShouldBeTrue();
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (Directory.Exists(storeDir))
+            {
+                Directory.Delete(storeDir, recursive: true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

reports/current.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # NATS .NET Porting Status Report
 
-Generated: 2026-03-01 00:54:52 UTC
+Generated: 2026-03-01 01:28:40 UTC
 
 ## Modules (12 total)
 
@@ -13,18 +13,18 @@ Generated: 2026-03-01 00:54:52 UTC
 | Status | Count |
 |--------|-------|
 | complete | 22 |
-| deferred | 1657 |
+| deferred | 1572 |
 | n_a | 24 |
 | stub | 1 |
-| verified | 1969 |
+| verified | 2054 |
 
 ## Unit Tests (3257 total)
 
 | Status | Count |
 |--------|-------|
-| deferred | 1633 |
+| deferred | 1614 |
 | n_a | 254 |
-| verified | 1370 |
+| verified | 1389 |
 
 ## Library Mappings (36 total)
 
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ Generated: 2026-03-01 00:54:52 UTC
 
 ## Overall Progress
 
-**3651/6942 items complete (52.6%)**
+**3755/6942 items complete (54.1%)**