// Go parity: golang/nats-server/server/jetstream_cluster_1_test.go
// Covers: meta-leader election (3-node and 5-node clusters), stream leader
// selection (R1 and R3), consumer leader selection, leader ID non-empty checks,
// meta stepdown producing new leader, stream stepdown producing new leader,
// multiple stepdowns cycling through different leaders, leader ID consistency,
// meta state reflecting correct cluster size and leadership version increments,
// and meta state tracking all created streams.
//
// Go reference functions:
//   TestJetStreamClusterLeader (line 73)
//   TestJetStreamClusterStreamLeaderStepDown (line 4925)
//   TestJetStreamClusterLeaderStepdown (line 5464)
//   TestJetStreamClusterMultiReplicaStreams (line 299)
//   waitOnStreamLeader, waitOnConsumerLeader, c.leader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
using System.Text;
using NATS.Server.JetStream.Api;
using NATS.Server.JetStream.Cluster;
using NATS.Server.JetStream.Models;
using NATS.Server.TestUtilities;

namespace NATS.Server.JetStream.Tests.JetStream.Cluster;

/// <summary>
/// Tests covering JetStream cluster leader election for the meta-cluster,
/// streams, and consumers. Uses the unified JetStreamClusterFixture.
/// Ported from Go jetstream_cluster_1_test.go.
/// </summary>
public class JsClusterLeaderElectionTests
{
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Go: TestJetStreamClusterLeader line 73 — meta leader election
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: c.leader() in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task Three_node_cluster_elects_nonempty_meta_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var leader = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: c.leader() in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task Five_node_cluster_elects_nonempty_meta_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(5);

        var leader = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: checkClusterFormed — meta cluster size is equal to node count
    [Fact]
    public async Task Three_node_cluster_meta_state_reports_correct_size()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var state = cluster.GetMetaState();

        state.ShouldNotBeNull();
        state!.ClusterSize.ShouldBe(3);
    }

    // Go ref: checkClusterFormed — meta cluster size is equal to node count
    [Fact]
    public async Task Five_node_cluster_meta_state_reports_correct_size()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(5);

        var state = cluster.GetMetaState();

        state.ShouldNotBeNull();
        state!.ClusterSize.ShouldBe(5);
    }

    // Go ref: TestJetStreamClusterLeader — initial leadership version is 1
    [Fact]
    public async Task Three_node_cluster_initial_leadership_version_is_one()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var state = cluster.GetMetaState();

        state!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(1);
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Stream leader selection — R1
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: streamLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task R1_stream_has_nonempty_leader_after_creation()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("R1ELECT", ["r1e.>"], replicas: 1);

        var leader = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("R1ELECT");

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: streamLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task R3_stream_has_nonempty_leader_after_creation_in_3_node_cluster()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("R3ELECT", ["r3e.>"], replicas: 3);

        var leader = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("R3ELECT");

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: streamLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task R3_stream_has_nonempty_leader_after_creation_in_5_node_cluster()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(5);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("R3E5", ["r3e5.>"], replicas: 3);

        var leader = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("R3E5");

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Go: waitOnStreamLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    [Fact]
    public async Task WaitOnStreamLeader_completes_immediately_when_stream_already_has_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("WAITLDR", ["wl.>"], replicas: 3);

        await cluster.WaitOnStreamLeaderAsync("WAITLDR", timeoutMs: 2000);

        cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("WAITLDR").ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task WaitOnStreamLeader_throws_timeout_for_nonexistent_stream()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var ex = await Should.ThrowAsync<TimeoutException>(
            () => cluster.WaitOnStreamLeaderAsync("GHOST", timeoutMs: 100));

        ex.Message.ShouldContain("GHOST");
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Consumer leader selection
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: consumerLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task Durable_consumer_on_R3_stream_has_nonempty_leader_id()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("CLELECT", ["cle.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.CreateConsumerAsync("CLELECT", "dlc");

        var leader = cluster.GetConsumerLeaderId("CLELECT", "dlc");

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: consumerLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task Durable_consumer_on_R1_stream_has_nonempty_leader_id()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("CLELECTR1", ["cler1.>"], replicas: 1);
        await cluster.CreateConsumerAsync("CLELECTR1", "consumer1");

        var leader = cluster.GetConsumerLeaderId("CLELECTR1", "consumer1");

        leader.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: waitOnConsumerLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task WaitOnConsumerLeader_completes_when_consumer_exists()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("WCLE", ["wcle.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.CreateConsumerAsync("WCLE", "dur1");

        await cluster.WaitOnConsumerLeaderAsync("WCLE", "dur1", timeoutMs: 2000);

        cluster.GetConsumerLeaderId("WCLE", "dur1").ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task WaitOnConsumerLeader_throws_timeout_when_consumer_missing()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("WCLETOUT", ["wclet.>"], replicas: 3);

        var ex = await Should.ThrowAsync<TimeoutException>(
            () => cluster.WaitOnConsumerLeaderAsync("WCLETOUT", "ghost-consumer", timeoutMs: 100));

        ex.Message.ShouldContain("ghost-consumer");
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Go: TestJetStreamClusterLeaderStepdown line 5464 — meta leader stepdown
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: c.leader().Shutdown() + waitOnLeader in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_leader_stepdown_produces_different_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        var before = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();

        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();

        var after = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();
        after.ShouldNotBe(before);
        after.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: meta stepdown via API subject $JS.API.META.LEADER.STEPDOWN
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_leader_stepdown_via_api_returns_success()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var resp = await cluster.RequestAsync(JetStreamApiSubjects.MetaLeaderStepdown, "{}");

        resp.Success.ShouldBeTrue();
    }

    // Go ref: meta step-down increments leadership version
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_leader_stepdown_increments_leadership_version()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        var versionBefore = cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion;

        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();

        var versionAfter = cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion;
        versionAfter.ShouldBe(versionBefore + 1);
    }

    // Go ref: multiple meta step-downs each increment the version
    [Fact]
    public async Task Multiple_meta_stepdowns_increment_leadership_version_sequentially()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();

        cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(4);
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Go: TestJetStreamClusterStreamLeaderStepDown line 4925 — stream leader stepdown
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: JSApiStreamLeaderStepDownT in jetstream_helpers_test.go
    [Fact]
    public async Task Stream_leader_stepdown_produces_different_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("SLEADSD", ["sls.>"], replicas: 3);
        var before = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("SLEADSD");

        var resp = await cluster.StepDownStreamLeaderAsync("SLEADSD");

        resp.Success.ShouldBeTrue();
        var after = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("SLEADSD");
        after.ShouldNotBe(before);
        after.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: TestJetStreamClusterStreamLeaderStepDown — new leader still accepts writes
    [Fact]
    public async Task Stream_leader_stepdown_new_leader_accepts_writes()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("SDWRITE", ["sdw.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.PublishAsync("sdw.pre", "before");

        await cluster.StepDownStreamLeaderAsync("SDWRITE");
        var ack = await cluster.PublishAsync("sdw.post", "after");

        ack.Stream.ShouldBe("SDWRITE");
        ack.ErrorCode.ShouldBeNull();
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Multiple stepdowns cycle through different leaders
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: TestJetStreamClusterLeader line 73 — consecutive elections
    [Fact]
    public async Task Two_consecutive_stream_stepdowns_cycle_through_different_leaders()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("CYCLE2", ["cy2.>"], replicas: 3);

        var l0 = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("CYCLE2");
        (await cluster.StepDownStreamLeaderAsync("CYCLE2")).Success.ShouldBeTrue();
        var l1 = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("CYCLE2");
        (await cluster.StepDownStreamLeaderAsync("CYCLE2")).Success.ShouldBeTrue();
        var l2 = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("CYCLE2");

        l1.ShouldNotBe(l0);
        l2.ShouldNotBe(l1);
    }

    // Go ref: multiple stepdowns in sequence — each produces a distinct leader
    [Fact]
    public async Task Three_consecutive_meta_stepdowns_cycle_through_distinct_leaders()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        var observed = new HashSet<string>();

        observed.Add(cluster.GetMetaLeaderId());
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        observed.Add(cluster.GetMetaLeaderId());
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        observed.Add(cluster.GetMetaLeaderId());
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();

        // With 3 nodes cycling round-robin we see at least 2 unique leaders
        observed.Count.ShouldBeGreaterThanOrEqualTo(2);
    }

    // Go ref: TestJetStreamClusterLeader — wraps around after exhausting peers
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_stepdowns_wrap_around_producing_only_node_count_unique_leaders()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        var observed = new HashSet<string>();

        for (var i = 0; i < 9; i++)
        {
            observed.Add(cluster.GetMetaLeaderId());
            cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        }

        // 3-node cluster cycles through exactly 3 unique leader IDs
        observed.Count.ShouldBe(3);
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Leader ID consistency
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: streamLeader queried multiple times returns same stable ID
    [Fact]
    public async Task Stream_leader_id_is_stable_across_repeated_queries_without_stepdown()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("STABLE", ["stb.>"], replicas: 3);

        var ids = Enumerable.Range(0, 5)
            .Select(_ => cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("STABLE"))
            .ToList();

        ids.Distinct().Count().ShouldBe(1);
        ids[0].ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }

    // Go ref: meta leader queried multiple times is stable between stepdowns
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_leader_id_is_stable_between_stepdowns()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var a = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();
        var b = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();
        a.ShouldBe(b);

        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();

        var c = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();
        var d = cluster.GetMetaLeaderId();
        c.ShouldBe(d);

        c.ShouldNotBe(a);
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Meta state reflecting all created streams
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: getMetaState in tests — streams tracked in meta state
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_state_tracks_single_created_stream()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("MTRACK1", ["mt1.>"], replicas: 3);

        var state = cluster.GetMetaState();

        state.ShouldNotBeNull();
        state!.Streams.ShouldContain("MTRACK1");
    }

    // Go ref: getMetaState tracks multiple streams
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_state_tracks_all_created_streams()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("MTRK_A", ["mta.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("MTRK_B", ["mtb.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("MTRK_C", ["mtc.>"], replicas: 1);

        var state = cluster.GetMetaState();

        state!.Streams.ShouldContain("MTRK_A");
        state.Streams.ShouldContain("MTRK_B");
        state.Streams.ShouldContain("MTRK_C");
        state.Streams.Count.ShouldBe(3);
    }

    // Go ref: meta state survives a stepdown
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_state_streams_survive_meta_leader_stepdown()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("SURVSD1", ["ss1.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("SURVSD2", ["ss2.>"], replicas: 3);

        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();

        var state = cluster.GetMetaState();
        state!.Streams.ShouldContain("SURVSD1");
        state.Streams.ShouldContain("SURVSD2");
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Go: TestJetStreamClusterStreamLeaderStepDown — data survives leader election
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: TestJetStreamClusterStreamLeaderStepDown line 4925 — all messages preserved
    [Fact]
    public async Task Messages_survive_stream_leader_election()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("ELECT_DATA", ["ed.>"], replicas: 3);

        for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            await cluster.PublishAsync("ed.event", $"msg-{i}");

        await cluster.StepDownStreamLeaderAsync("ELECT_DATA");

        var state = await cluster.GetStreamStateAsync("ELECT_DATA");
        state.Messages.ShouldBe(10UL);
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Replica group structure after election
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: replica group has correct node count
    [Fact]
    public async Task R3_stream_replica_group_has_three_nodes()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("RG3", ["rg3.>"], replicas: 3);

        var group = cluster.GetReplicaGroup("RG3");

        group.ShouldNotBeNull();
        group!.Nodes.Count.ShouldBe(3);
    }

    // Go ref: replica group leader is marked as leader
    [Fact]
    public async Task R3_stream_replica_group_leader_is_marked_as_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("RGLDR", ["rgl.>"], replicas: 3);

        var group = cluster.GetReplicaGroup("RGLDR");

        group.ShouldNotBeNull();
        group!.Leader.IsLeader.ShouldBeTrue();
    }

    // Go ref: replica group for unknown stream is null
    [Fact]
    public async Task Replica_group_for_unknown_stream_is_null()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var group = cluster.GetReplicaGroup("NONEXISTENT");

        group.ShouldBeNull();
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Leadership version increments on each stepdown
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: leadership version tracks stepdown count
    [Fact]
    public async Task Leadership_version_increments_on_each_meta_stepdown()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(1);
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(2);
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(3);
        cluster.StepDownMetaLeader();
        cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(4);
    }

    // Go ref: meta leader stepdown via API also increments version
    [Fact]
    public async Task Meta_leader_stepdown_via_api_increments_leadership_version()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("VERSIONAPI", ["va.>"], replicas: 3);
        var vBefore = cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion;

        (await cluster.RequestAsync(JetStreamApiSubjects.MetaLeaderStepdown, "{}")).Success.ShouldBeTrue();

        cluster.GetMetaState()!.LeadershipVersion.ShouldBe(vBefore + 1);
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Consumer leader ID is consistent with stream
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: consumerLeader — consumer leader ID includes consumer name
    [Fact]
    public async Task Consumer_leader_ids_are_distinct_for_different_consumers_on_same_stream()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("MULTICONS", ["mc.>"], replicas: 3);
        await cluster.CreateConsumerAsync("MULTICONS", "consA");
        await cluster.CreateConsumerAsync("MULTICONS", "consB");

        var leaderA = cluster.GetConsumerLeaderId("MULTICONS", "consA");
        var leaderB = cluster.GetConsumerLeaderId("MULTICONS", "consB");

        leaderA.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
        leaderB.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
        leaderA.ShouldNotBe(leaderB);
    }

    // Go ref: consumer leader ID for unknown stream returns empty
    [Fact]
    public async Task Consumer_leader_id_for_unknown_stream_is_empty()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);

        var leader = cluster.GetConsumerLeaderId("NO_SUCH_STREAM", "no_consumer");

        leader.ShouldBeNullOrEmpty();
    }

    // ---------------------------------------------------------------
    // Node lifecycle helpers do not affect stream state
    // ---------------------------------------------------------------

    // Go ref: shutdownServerAndRemoveStorage + restartServerAndWait
    [Fact]
    public async Task RemoveNode_and_restart_does_not_affect_stream_leader()
    {
        await using var cluster = await JetStreamClusterFixture.StartAsync(3);
        await cluster.CreateStreamAsync("LIFECYCLE", ["lc.>"], replicas: 3);
        var leaderBefore = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("LIFECYCLE");

        cluster.RemoveNode(2);
        cluster.SimulateNodeRestart(2);

        var leaderAfter = cluster.GetStreamLeaderId("LIFECYCLE");
        leaderBefore.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
        leaderAfter.ShouldNotBeNullOrWhiteSpace();
    }
}