Implement graceful worker shutdown

docs/gateway-process-design.md

@@ -175,6 +175,12 @@ Behavior:
 `CloseSession` should be idempotent. Closing an already closed session should
 return a successful close result with the final known state.
 
+`WorkerClient.ShutdownAsync` sends `WorkerShutdown`, waits for the worker read,
+write, and heartbeat loops to stop, and waits for the launched worker process to
+exit within the same shutdown timeout. If the pipe loops or process exit exceed
+the timeout, the close operation fails with `ShutdownTimeout`; `GatewaySession`
+then kills the worker process tree before surfacing the close failure.
+
 ### Invoke
 
 `Invoke` forwards one MXAccess command to the worker that owns the session.
@@ -515,6 +521,11 @@ It handles:
 The write loop should fail the session if a pipe write fails outside normal
 shutdown.
 
+During shutdown the worker client treats `WorkerShutdownAck` as the protocol
+close signal, but the process handle remains authoritative for process lifetime.
+The client waits for both the protocol close and process exit before reporting a
+clean shutdown to `GatewaySession`.
+
 ## Command Correlation
 
 Each command gets:

docs/mxaccess-worker-instance-design.md

@@ -321,6 +321,13 @@ If COM creation fails, the worker should send a structured fault with:
 when the exception exposes one, and does not send `WorkerReady` after a failed
 COM creation attempt.
 
+After `WorkerReady`, `WorkerPipeSession` continues reading gateway frames for
+the lifetime of the process. `WorkerCommand` frames are dispatched to
+`MxAccessStaSession`, replies are written as `WorkerCommandReply`, and queued
+worker events are drained after command replies. `WorkerShutdown` starts the
+graceful shutdown path and returns `WorkerShutdownAck` only after the STA
+cleanup path completes.
+
 ## Event Sink
 
 The worker must subscribe to every public MXAccess event family:
@@ -663,6 +670,29 @@ Graceful shutdown sequence:
 If shutdown wedges, the gateway kills the process. The worker should be written
 so process kill does not corrupt other sessions.
 
+`MxAccessStaSession.ShutdownGracefullyAsync` implements the current cleanup
+path. It first calls `StaCommandDispatcher.RequestShutdown()` so new commands
+are rejected and queued commands that have not started receive
+`ProtocolStatusCode.WorkerUnavailable`. The command already executing on the
+STA is allowed to finish until the shutdown grace period expires.
+
+After command dispatch is closed, cleanup runs on the STA in MXAccess handle
+order:
+
+1. one `UnAdvise` call per advised server/item pair,
+2. `RemoveItem` for active item handles,
+3. `Unregister` for active server handles,
+4. event sink detach,
+5. COM release.
+
+Each cleanup call is best effort. A failed cleanup operation is recorded as an
+`MxAccessShutdownFailure`, logged by `WorkerPipeSession`, and does not prevent
+later cleanup calls from running. A shutdown with cleanup failures still returns
+`WorkerShutdownAck` with `ProtocolStatusCode.Ok` because the worker reached the
+controlled release path. If the grace period expires before cleanup can run or
+finish, the worker reports `WorkerFaultCategory.ShutdownTimeout` when possible
+and relies on the gateway to kill the process.
+
 ## Fault Handling
 
 Worker fault categories:

src/MxGateway.Server/Workers/WorkerClient.cs

@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ public sealed class WorkerClient : IWorkerClient
         try
         {
             await WaitForBackgroundTasksAsync(timeoutCts.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            await WaitForProcessExitAsync(timeoutCts.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
             MarkClosed("shutdown");
         }
         catch (OperationCanceledException) when (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
@@ -717,6 +718,17 @@ public sealed class WorkerClient : IWorkerClient
         await Task.WhenAll(tasks).WaitAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
     }
 
+    private async Task WaitForProcessExitAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        WorkerProcessHandle? processHandle = _connection.ProcessHandle;
+        if (processHandle is null || processHandle.Process.HasExited)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        await processHandle.Process.WaitForExitAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+    }
+
     private void ThrowIfDisposed()
     {
         ObjectDisposedException.ThrowIf(_disposed, this);

src/MxGateway.Tests/Gateway/Sessions/SessionManagerTests.cs

@@ -86,6 +86,26 @@ public sealed class SessionManagerTests
         Assert.Equal(0, metrics.GetSnapshot().OpenSessions);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task CloseSessionAsync_WhenWorkerShutdownFails_KillsWorker()
+    {
+        FakeWorkerClient workerClient = new()
+        {
+            ShutdownException = new WorkerClientException(
+                WorkerClientErrorCode.ShutdownTimeout,
+                "Worker shutdown timed out."),
+        };
+        SessionManager manager = CreateManager(new FakeSessionWorkerClientFactory(workerClient));
+        GatewaySession session = await manager.OpenSessionAsync(CreateOpenRequest(), "client-1", CancellationToken.None);
+
+        SessionManagerException exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<SessionManagerException>(
+            async () => await manager.CloseSessionAsync(session.SessionId, CancellationToken.None));
+
+        Assert.Equal(SessionManagerErrorCode.CloseFailed, exception.ErrorCode);
+        Assert.Equal(1, workerClient.ShutdownCount);
+        Assert.Equal(1, workerClient.KillCount);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task OpenSessionAsync_WhenWorkerCreationFails_RemovesSessionFromRegistry()
     {
@@ -266,6 +286,8 @@ public sealed class SessionManagerTests
 
         public int KillCount { get; private set; }
 
+        public Exception? ShutdownException { get; init; }
+
         public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
             return Task.CompletedTask;
@@ -302,6 +324,11 @@ public sealed class SessionManagerTests
             CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
             ShutdownCount++;
+            if (ShutdownException is not null)
+            {
+                throw ShutdownException;
+            }
+
             State = WorkerClientState.Closed;
             return Task.CompletedTask;
         }

src/MxGateway.Worker.Tests/Ipc/WorkerPipeSessionTests.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
@@ -147,6 +148,29 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSessionTests
         Assert.Equal(ProtocolStatusCode.WorkerUnavailable, written[1].WorkerFault.ProtocolStatus.Code);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task RunAsync_WithWorkerShutdown_WritesShutdownAckAndReturns()
+    {
+        WorkerFrameProtocolOptions options = CreateOptions();
+        MemoryStream inbound = new();
+        WorkerFrameWriter inboundWriter = new(inbound, options);
+        await inboundWriter.WriteAsync(CreateGatewayHelloEnvelope());
+        await inboundWriter.WriteAsync(CreateWorkerShutdownEnvelope());
+        inbound.Position = 0;
+        MemoryStream outbound = new();
+        WorkerPipeSession session = CreateSession(inbound, outbound, options);
+
+        await session.CompleteStartupHandshakeAsync(_ => Task.CompletedTask);
+        await session.RunAsync();
+
+        WorkerEnvelope[] written = ReadWrittenFrames(outbound, options);
+        Assert.Equal(3, written.Length);
+        Assert.Equal(WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.WorkerHello, written[0].BodyCase);
+        Assert.Equal(WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.WorkerReady, written[1].BodyCase);
+        Assert.Equal(WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.WorkerShutdownAck, written[2].BodyCase);
+        Assert.Equal(ProtocolStatusCode.Ok, written[2].WorkerShutdownAck.Status.Code);
+    }
+
     private static WorkerPipeSession CreateSession(
         Stream inbound,
         Stream outbound,
@@ -185,6 +209,21 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSessionTests
         };
     }
 
+    private static WorkerEnvelope CreateWorkerShutdownEnvelope()
+    {
+        return new WorkerEnvelope
+        {
+            ProtocolVersion = GatewayContractInfo.WorkerProtocolVersion,
+            SessionId = SessionId,
+            Sequence = 2,
+            WorkerShutdown = new WorkerShutdown
+            {
+                GracePeriod = Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes.Duration.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1)),
+                Reason = "test-shutdown",
+            },
+        };
+    }
+
     private static WorkerEnvelope[] ReadWrittenFrames(
         MemoryStream stream,
         WorkerFrameProtocolOptions options)

src/MxGateway.Worker.Tests/MxAccess/MxAccessCommandExecutorTests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using MxGateway.Contracts.Proto;
@@ -414,6 +416,57 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
         Assert.Equal(MxAccessAdviceKind.Plain, adviceHandle.AdviceKind);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ShutdownGracefullyAsync_CleansHandlesInAdviceItemServerOrder()
+    {
+        FakeMxAccessComObject fakeComObject = new(
+            registerHandle: 58,
+            addItemHandle: 510);
+        FakeMxAccessComObjectFactory factory = new(fakeComObject);
+        using StaRuntime runtime = CreateRuntime();
+        using MxAccessStaSession session = new(runtime, factory, new NoopEventSink());
+        await session.StartAsync(workerProcessId: 1234);
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateRegisterCommand("register-before-shutdown", "client-a"));
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateAddItemCommand("add-before-shutdown", 58, "Galaxy.Tag.Value"));
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateAdviseCommand("advise-before-shutdown", 58, 510));
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateAdviseSupervisoryCommand("supervisory-before-shutdown", 58, 510));
+
+        MxAccessShutdownResult result = await session.ShutdownGracefullyAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
+
+        Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
+        Assert.Equal(
+            new[] { "UnAdvise:58:510", "RemoveItem:58:510", "Unregister:58" },
+            fakeComObject.OperationNames.Where(name => name.StartsWith("Un", StringComparison.Ordinal)
+                || name.StartsWith("Remove", StringComparison.Ordinal)));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ShutdownGracefullyAsync_RecordsCleanupFailuresAndContinues()
+    {
+        const int hresult = unchecked((int)0x80070057);
+        COMException cleanupException = new("Invalid handle.", hresult);
+        FakeMxAccessComObject fakeComObject = new(
+            registerHandle: 59,
+            addItemHandle: 511,
+            unregisterException: cleanupException,
+            removeItemException: cleanupException,
+            unAdviseException: cleanupException);
+        FakeMxAccessComObjectFactory factory = new(fakeComObject);
+        using StaRuntime runtime = CreateRuntime();
+        using MxAccessStaSession session = new(runtime, factory, new NoopEventSink());
+        await session.StartAsync(workerProcessId: 1234);
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateRegisterCommand("register-before-shutdown-failure", "client-a"));
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateAddItemCommand("add-before-shutdown-failure", 59, "Galaxy.Tag.Value"));
+        await session.DispatchAsync(CreateAdviseCommand("advise-before-shutdown-failure", 59, 511));
+
+        MxAccessShutdownResult result = await session.ShutdownGracefullyAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
+
+        Assert.False(result.Succeeded);
+        Assert.Equal(new[] { "UnAdvise", "RemoveItem", "Unregister" }, result.Failures.Select(failure => failure.Operation));
+        Assert.All(result.Failures, failure => Assert.Equal(hresult, failure.HResult));
+        Assert.Contains("Unregister:59", fakeComObject.OperationNames);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task DispatchAsync_RegisterWithoutPayload_ReturnsInvalidRequest()
     {
@@ -644,6 +697,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
         private readonly Exception? adviseException;
         private readonly Exception? unAdviseException;
         private readonly Exception? adviseSupervisoryException;
+        private readonly List<string> operationNames = new();
 
         public FakeMxAccessComObject(
             int registerHandle,
@@ -715,8 +769,11 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
 
         public int? AdviseSupervisoryThreadId { get; private set; }
 
+        public IReadOnlyList<string> OperationNames => operationNames.ToArray();
+
         public int Register(string clientName)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"Register:{clientName}");
             RegisteredClientName = clientName;
             RegisterThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
 
@@ -725,6 +782,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
 
         public void Unregister(int serverHandle)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"Unregister:{serverHandle}");
             UnregisteredServerHandle = serverHandle;
             UnregisterThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
 
@@ -738,6 +796,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
             int serverHandle,
             string itemDefinition)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"AddItem:{serverHandle}:{itemDefinition}");
             AddItemServerHandle = serverHandle;
             AddItemDefinition = itemDefinition;
             AddItemThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
@@ -755,6 +814,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
             string itemDefinition,
             string itemContext)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"AddItem2:{serverHandle}:{itemDefinition}:{itemContext}");
             AddItem2ServerHandle = serverHandle;
             AddItem2Definition = itemDefinition;
             AddItem2Context = itemContext;
@@ -772,6 +832,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
             int serverHandle,
             int itemHandle)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"RemoveItem:{serverHandle}:{itemHandle}");
             RemoveItemServerHandle = serverHandle;
             RemovedItemHandle = itemHandle;
             RemoveItemThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
@@ -786,6 +847,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
             int serverHandle,
             int itemHandle)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"Advise:{serverHandle}:{itemHandle}");
             AdviseServerHandle = serverHandle;
             AdvisedItemHandle = itemHandle;
             AdviseThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
@@ -800,6 +862,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
             int serverHandle,
             int itemHandle)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"UnAdvise:{serverHandle}:{itemHandle}");
             UnAdviseServerHandle = serverHandle;
             UnAdvisedItemHandle = itemHandle;
             UnAdviseThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;
@@ -814,6 +877,7 @@ public sealed class MxAccessCommandExecutorTests
             int serverHandle,
             int itemHandle)
         {
+            operationNames.Add($"AdviseSupervisory:{serverHandle}:{itemHandle}");
             AdviseSupervisoryServerHandle = serverHandle;
             AdviseSupervisoryItemHandle = itemHandle;
             AdviseSupervisoryThreadId = Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId;

src/MxGateway.Worker.Tests/Sta/StaCommandDispatcherTests.cs

@@ -110,6 +110,27 @@ public sealed class StaCommandDispatcherTests
         Assert.Equal("correlation-1", reply.CorrelationId);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task RequestShutdown_RejectsQueuedCommandButLetsCurrentCommandFinish()
+    {
+        using StaRuntime runtime = CreateRuntime();
+        runtime.Start();
+        BlockingCommandExecutor executor = new();
+        StaCommandDispatcher dispatcher = new(runtime, executor);
+        Task<MxCommandReply> current = dispatcher.DispatchAsync(CreateCommand("current", MxCommandKind.Register));
+        Assert.True(executor.Started.Wait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2)));
+        Task<MxCommandReply> pending = dispatcher.DispatchAsync(CreateCommand("pending", MxCommandKind.AddItem));
+
+        dispatcher.RequestShutdown();
+        MxCommandReply pendingReply = await pending;
+        executor.Release();
+        MxCommandReply currentReply = await current;
+
+        Assert.Equal(ProtocolStatusCode.WorkerUnavailable, pendingReply.ProtocolStatus.Code);
+        Assert.Equal(ProtocolStatusCode.Ok, currentReply.ProtocolStatus.Code);
+        Assert.Equal(new[] { "current" }, executor.CorrelationIds);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task PopulateHeartbeat_ReportsCurrentCorrelationAndPendingCount()
     {

src/MxGateway.Worker/Ipc/WorkerPipeClient.cs

@@ -11,13 +11,26 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeClient : IWorkerPipeClient
     public const int DefaultConnectTimeoutMilliseconds = 30000;
 
     private readonly int _connectTimeoutMilliseconds;
+    private readonly IWorkerLogger? _logger;
 
     public WorkerPipeClient()
-        : this(DefaultConnectTimeoutMilliseconds)
+        : this(null, DefaultConnectTimeoutMilliseconds)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public WorkerPipeClient(IWorkerLogger? logger)
+        : this(logger, DefaultConnectTimeoutMilliseconds)
     {
     }
 
     public WorkerPipeClient(int connectTimeoutMilliseconds)
+        : this(null, connectTimeoutMilliseconds)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public WorkerPipeClient(
+        IWorkerLogger? logger,
+        int connectTimeoutMilliseconds)
     {
         if (connectTimeoutMilliseconds <= 0)
         {
@@ -27,6 +40,7 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeClient : IWorkerPipeClient
         }
 
         _connectTimeoutMilliseconds = connectTimeoutMilliseconds;
+        _logger = logger;
     }
 
     public async Task RunAsync(
@@ -48,8 +62,9 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeClient : IWorkerPipeClient
 
         await ConnectAsync(pipe, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
-        WorkerPipeSession session = new(pipe, frameOptions);
+        WorkerPipeSession session = new(pipe, frameOptions, _logger);
         await session.CompleteStartupHandshakeAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        await session.RunAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
     }
 
     private Task ConnectAsync(

src/MxGateway.Worker/Ipc/WorkerPipeSession.cs

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
 using MxGateway.Contracts.Proto;
+using MxGateway.Worker.Bootstrap;
 using MxGateway.Worker.MxAccess;
+using MxGateway.Worker.Sta;
 
 namespace MxGateway.Worker.Ipc;
 
@@ -13,19 +16,24 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
 {
     private readonly WorkerFrameProtocolOptions _options;
     private readonly Func<int> _processIdProvider;
+    private readonly IWorkerLogger? _logger;
     private readonly WorkerFrameReader _reader;
     private readonly WorkerFrameWriter _writer;
     private MxAccessStaSession? _mxAccessStaSession;
     private long _nextSequence;
+    private bool _shutdownCompleted;
+    private bool _shutdownTimedOut;
 
     public WorkerPipeSession(
         Stream stream,
-        WorkerFrameProtocolOptions options)
+        WorkerFrameProtocolOptions options,
+        IWorkerLogger? logger = null)
         : this(
             new WorkerFrameReader(stream, options),
             new WorkerFrameWriter(stream, options),
             options,
-            () => Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id)
+            () => Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id,
+            logger)
     {
     }
 
@@ -33,12 +41,14 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         WorkerFrameReader reader,
         WorkerFrameWriter writer,
         WorkerFrameProtocolOptions options,
-        Func<int> processIdProvider)
+        Func<int> processIdProvider,
+        IWorkerLogger? logger = null)
     {
         _reader = reader ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(reader));
         _writer = writer ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(writer));
         _options = options ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options));
         _processIdProvider = processIdProvider ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(processIdProvider));
+        _logger = logger;
     }
 
     public Task CompleteStartupHandshakeAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
@@ -95,6 +105,44 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         }
     }
 
+    public async Task RunAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            while (true)
+            {
+                WorkerEnvelope envelope = await _reader.ReadAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                switch (envelope.BodyCase)
+                {
+                    case WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.WorkerCommand:
+                        await HandleCommandAsync(envelope, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                        break;
+                    case WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.WorkerShutdown:
+                        await HandleShutdownAsync(envelope.WorkerShutdown, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                        return;
+                    case WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.WorkerCancel:
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        throw new WorkerFrameProtocolException(
+                            WorkerFrameProtocolErrorCode.UnexpectedEnvelopeBody,
+                            $"Worker received unexpected gateway envelope body {envelope.BodyCase} after startup.");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        catch (WorkerFrameProtocolException exception)
+        {
+            await TryWriteFaultAsync(exception, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            throw;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (!_shutdownCompleted && !_shutdownTimedOut)
+            {
+                _mxAccessStaSession?.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private void ValidateGatewayHello(WorkerEnvelope envelope)
     {
         if (envelope.BodyCase != WorkerEnvelope.BodyOneofCase.GatewayHello)
@@ -178,6 +226,25 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         }
     }
 
+    private async Task TryWriteFaultAsync(
+        WorkerFault fault,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            await _writer
+                .WriteAsync(CreateEnvelope(fault), cancellationToken)
+                .ConfigureAwait(false);
+        }
+        catch (Exception faultWriteException) when (
+            faultWriteException is IOException
+            || faultWriteException is ObjectDisposedException
+            || faultWriteException is WorkerFrameProtocolException)
+        {
+            // The shutdown timeout is the actionable error.
+        }
+    }
+
     private WorkerEnvelope CreateEnvelope(WorkerHello hello)
     {
         return CreateBaseEnvelope(hello);
@@ -193,6 +260,21 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         return CreateBaseEnvelope(fault);
     }
 
+    private WorkerEnvelope CreateEnvelope(WorkerCommandReply reply)
+    {
+        return CreateBaseEnvelope(reply);
+    }
+
+    private WorkerEnvelope CreateEnvelope(WorkerEvent workerEvent)
+    {
+        return CreateBaseEnvelope(workerEvent);
+    }
+
+    private WorkerEnvelope CreateEnvelope(WorkerShutdownAck shutdownAck)
+    {
+        return CreateBaseEnvelope(shutdownAck);
+    }
+
     private WorkerEnvelope CreateBaseEnvelope(WorkerHello body)
     {
         WorkerEnvelope envelope = CreateBaseEnvelope();
@@ -214,6 +296,28 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         return envelope;
     }
 
+    private WorkerEnvelope CreateBaseEnvelope(WorkerCommandReply body)
+    {
+        WorkerEnvelope envelope = CreateBaseEnvelope();
+        envelope.CorrelationId = body.Reply?.CorrelationId ?? string.Empty;
+        envelope.WorkerCommandReply = body;
+        return envelope;
+    }
+
+    private WorkerEnvelope CreateBaseEnvelope(WorkerEvent body)
+    {
+        WorkerEnvelope envelope = CreateBaseEnvelope();
+        envelope.WorkerEvent = body.Clone();
+        return envelope;
+    }
+
+    private WorkerEnvelope CreateBaseEnvelope(WorkerShutdownAck body)
+    {
+        WorkerEnvelope envelope = CreateBaseEnvelope();
+        envelope.WorkerShutdownAck = body;
+        return envelope;
+    }
+
     private WorkerEnvelope CreateBaseEnvelope()
     {
         return new WorkerEnvelope
@@ -246,6 +350,75 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         }
     }
 
+    private async Task HandleCommandAsync(
+        WorkerEnvelope envelope,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        if (_mxAccessStaSession is null)
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("MXAccess STA session is not initialized.");
+        }
+
+        StaCommand command = new(
+            _options.SessionId,
+            envelope.CorrelationId,
+            envelope.WorkerCommand.Command,
+            envelope.WorkerCommand.EnqueueTimestamp,
+            cancellationToken);
+
+        MxCommandReply mxReply = await _mxAccessStaSession
+            .DispatchAsync(command)
+            .ConfigureAwait(false);
+        WorkerCommandReply reply = new()
+        {
+            Reply = mxReply,
+            CompletedTimestamp = Timestamp.FromDateTime(DateTime.UtcNow),
+        };
+
+        await _writer.WriteAsync(CreateEnvelope(reply), cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        await DrainEventsAsync(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+    }
+
+    private async Task HandleShutdownAsync(
+        WorkerShutdown shutdown,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        TimeSpan gracePeriod = ResolveGracePeriod(shutdown);
+        try
+        {
+            MxAccessShutdownResult result = _mxAccessStaSession is null
+                ? new MxAccessShutdownResult(Array.Empty<MxAccessShutdownFailure>())
+                : await _mxAccessStaSession
+                    .ShutdownGracefullyAsync(gracePeriod, cancellationToken)
+                    .ConfigureAwait(false);
+
+            LogShutdownFailures(result.Failures);
+            await _writer
+                .WriteAsync(CreateEnvelope(CreateShutdownAck(result)), cancellationToken)
+                .ConfigureAwait(false);
+            _shutdownCompleted = true;
+        }
+        catch (TimeoutException exception)
+        {
+            _shutdownTimedOut = true;
+            await TryWriteFaultAsync(CreateShutdownTimeoutFault(exception), cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            throw;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private async Task DrainEventsAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        if (_mxAccessStaSession is null)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        foreach (WorkerEvent workerEvent in _mxAccessStaSession.DrainEvents(maxEvents: 0))
+        {
+            await _writer.WriteAsync(CreateEnvelope(workerEvent), cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        }
+    }
+
     private WorkerReady CreateWorkerReady()
     {
         return new WorkerReady
@@ -257,6 +430,49 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         };
     }
 
+    private static TimeSpan ResolveGracePeriod(WorkerShutdown shutdown)
+    {
+        if (shutdown.GracePeriod is null)
+        {
+            return TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);
+        }
+
+        TimeSpan gracePeriod = shutdown.GracePeriod.ToTimeSpan();
+        return gracePeriod <= TimeSpan.Zero
+            ? TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)
+            : gracePeriod;
+    }
+
+    private static WorkerShutdownAck CreateShutdownAck(MxAccessShutdownResult result)
+    {
+        return new WorkerShutdownAck
+        {
+            Status = new ProtocolStatus
+            {
+                Code = ProtocolStatusCode.Ok,
+                Message = result.Succeeded
+                    ? "Graceful shutdown completed."
+                    : $"Graceful shutdown completed with {result.Failures.Count} cleanup failure(s).",
+            },
+        };
+    }
+
+    private void LogShutdownFailures(IReadOnlyList<MxAccessShutdownFailure> failures)
+    {
+        foreach (MxAccessShutdownFailure failure in failures)
+        {
+            _logger?.Error("WorkerGracefulShutdownCleanupFailed", new Dictionary<string, object?>
+            {
+                ["session_id"] = _options.SessionId,
+                ["operation"] = failure.Operation,
+                ["server_handle"] = failure.ServerHandle,
+                ["item_handle"] = failure.ItemHandle,
+                ["exception_type"] = failure.ExceptionType,
+                ["hresult"] = failure.HResult,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
     private static WorkerFault CreateFault(WorkerFrameProtocolException exception)
     {
         return new WorkerFault
@@ -295,6 +511,22 @@ public sealed class WorkerPipeSession
         return fault;
     }
 
+    private static WorkerFault CreateShutdownTimeoutFault(TimeoutException exception)
+    {
+        string message = exception.Message;
+        return new WorkerFault
+        {
+            Category = WorkerFaultCategory.ShutdownTimeout,
+            ExceptionType = exception.GetType().FullName ?? string.Empty,
+            DiagnosticMessage = message,
+            ProtocolStatus = new ProtocolStatus
+            {
+                Code = ProtocolStatusCode.WorkerUnavailable,
+                Message = message,
+            },
+        };
+    }
+
     private static WorkerFaultCategory MapFaultCategory(WorkerFrameProtocolErrorCode errorCode)
     {
         return errorCode switch

src/MxGateway.Worker/MxAccess/MxAccessSession.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
 using MxGateway.Contracts.Proto;
@@ -188,6 +189,23 @@ public sealed class MxAccessSession : IDisposable
             MxAccessAdviceKind.Supervisory);
     }
 
+    public MxAccessShutdownResult ShutdownGracefully()
+    {
+        if (disposed)
+        {
+            return new MxAccessShutdownResult(Array.Empty<MxAccessShutdownFailure>());
+        }
+
+        List<MxAccessShutdownFailure> failures = new();
+
+        CleanupAdviceHandles(failures);
+        CleanupItemHandles(failures);
+        CleanupServerHandles(failures);
+        DisposeCore(failures);
+
+        return new MxAccessShutdownResult(failures);
+    }
+
     public void Dispose()
     {
         if (disposed)
@@ -195,11 +213,112 @@ public sealed class MxAccessSession : IDisposable
             return;
         }
 
-        eventSink.Detach();
+        DisposeCore(failures: null);
+    }
 
-        if (Marshal.IsComObject(mxAccessComObject))
+    private void CleanupAdviceHandles(ICollection<MxAccessShutdownFailure> failures)
+    {
+        HashSet<long> cleanedPairs = new();
+        foreach (RegisteredAdviceHandle adviceHandle in handleRegistry.AdviceHandles)
         {
-            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(mxAccessComObject);
+            long key = CreateItemKey(adviceHandle.ServerHandle, adviceHandle.ItemHandle);
+            if (!cleanedPairs.Add(key))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            try
+            {
+                mxAccessServer.UnAdvise(adviceHandle.ServerHandle, adviceHandle.ItemHandle);
+                handleRegistry.RemoveAdviceHandles(adviceHandle.ServerHandle, adviceHandle.ItemHandle);
+            }
+            catch (Exception exception)
+            {
+                failures.Add(new MxAccessShutdownFailure(
+                    nameof(UnAdvise),
+                    adviceHandle.ServerHandle,
+                    adviceHandle.ItemHandle,
+                    exception));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void CleanupItemHandles(ICollection<MxAccessShutdownFailure> failures)
+    {
+        foreach (RegisteredItemHandle itemHandle in handleRegistry.ItemHandles)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                mxAccessServer.RemoveItem(itemHandle.ServerHandle, itemHandle.ItemHandle);
+                handleRegistry.RemoveItemHandle(itemHandle.ServerHandle, itemHandle.ItemHandle);
+            }
+            catch (Exception exception)
+            {
+                failures.Add(new MxAccessShutdownFailure(
+                    nameof(RemoveItem),
+                    itemHandle.ServerHandle,
+                    itemHandle.ItemHandle,
+                    exception));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void CleanupServerHandles(ICollection<MxAccessShutdownFailure> failures)
+    {
+        foreach (RegisteredServerHandle serverHandle in handleRegistry.ServerHandles)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                mxAccessServer.Unregister(serverHandle.ServerHandle);
+                handleRegistry.UnregisterServerHandle(serverHandle.ServerHandle);
+            }
+            catch (Exception exception)
+            {
+                failures.Add(new MxAccessShutdownFailure(
+                    nameof(Unregister),
+                    serverHandle.ServerHandle,
+                    itemHandle: null,
+                    exception));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static long CreateItemKey(
+        int serverHandle,
+        int itemHandle)
+    {
+        return ((long)serverHandle << 32) | (uint)itemHandle;
+    }
+
+    private void DisposeCore(ICollection<MxAccessShutdownFailure>? failures)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            eventSink.Detach();
+        }
+        catch (Exception exception) when (failures is not null)
+        {
+            failures.Add(new MxAccessShutdownFailure(
+                "DetachEvents",
+                serverHandle: null,
+                itemHandle: null,
+                exception));
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            if (Marshal.IsComObject(mxAccessComObject))
+            {
+                Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(mxAccessComObject);
+            }
+        }
+        catch (Exception exception) when (failures is not null)
+        {
+            failures.Add(new MxAccessShutdownFailure(
+                "ReleaseComObject",
+                serverHandle: null,
+                itemHandle: null,
+                exception));
         }
 
         disposed = true;

src/MxGateway.Worker/MxAccess/MxAccessShutdownFailure.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace MxGateway.Worker.MxAccess;
+
+public sealed class MxAccessShutdownFailure
+{
+    public MxAccessShutdownFailure(
+        string operation,
+        int? serverHandle,
+        int? itemHandle,
+        Exception exception)
+    {
+        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(operation))
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException("Shutdown failure operation is required.", nameof(operation));
+        }
+
+        Operation = operation;
+        ServerHandle = serverHandle;
+        ItemHandle = itemHandle;
+        ExceptionType = exception?.GetType().FullName ?? string.Empty;
+        HResult = exception?.HResult;
+    }
+
+    public string Operation { get; }
+
+    public int? ServerHandle { get; }
+
+    public int? ItemHandle { get; }
+
+    public string ExceptionType { get; }
+
+    public int? HResult { get; }
+}

src/MxGateway.Worker/MxAccess/MxAccessShutdownResult.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace MxGateway.Worker.MxAccess;
+
+public sealed class MxAccessShutdownResult
+{
+    public MxAccessShutdownResult(IReadOnlyList<MxAccessShutdownFailure> failures)
+    {
+        Failures = failures ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(failures));
+    }
+
+    public IReadOnlyList<MxAccessShutdownFailure> Failures { get; }
+
+    public bool Succeeded => Failures.Count == 0;
+}

src/MxGateway.Worker/MxAccess/MxAccessStaSession.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using MxGateway.Contracts.Proto;
@@ -141,6 +142,61 @@ public sealed class MxAccessStaSession : IDisposable
             cancellationToken);
     }
 
+    public async Task<MxAccessShutdownResult> ShutdownGracefullyAsync(
+        TimeSpan timeout,
+        CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
+    {
+        if (timeout <= TimeSpan.Zero)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
+                nameof(timeout),
+                "MXAccess graceful shutdown timeout must be greater than zero.");
+        }
+
+        if (disposed)
+        {
+            return new MxAccessShutdownResult(Array.Empty<MxAccessShutdownFailure>());
+        }
+
+        commandDispatcher?.RequestShutdown();
+
+        Stopwatch stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+        MxAccessShutdownResult result;
+        if (session is null)
+        {
+            result = new MxAccessShutdownResult(Array.Empty<MxAccessShutdownFailure>());
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            using CancellationTokenSource shutdownCancellation =
+                CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(cancellationToken);
+            shutdownCancellation.CancelAfter(timeout);
+
+            Task<MxAccessShutdownResult> cleanupTask = staRuntime.InvokeAsync(
+                () => session.ShutdownGracefully(),
+                shutdownCancellation.Token);
+            Task delayTask = Task.Delay(timeout, cancellationToken);
+            Task completedTask = await Task.WhenAny(cleanupTask, delayTask).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            if (completedTask != cleanupTask)
+            {
+                cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+                throw new TimeoutException($"MXAccess graceful shutdown exceeded {timeout}.");
+            }
+
+            result = await cleanupTask.ConfigureAwait(false);
+        }
+
+        TimeSpan remaining = timeout - stopwatch.Elapsed;
+        if (remaining <= TimeSpan.Zero || !staRuntime.Shutdown(remaining))
+        {
+            throw new TimeoutException($"MXAccess graceful shutdown exceeded {timeout}.");
+        }
+
+        staRuntime.Dispose();
+        disposed = true;
+        return result;
+    }
+
     public void Dispose()
     {
         if (disposed)

src/MxGateway.Worker/Sta/StaCommandDispatcher.cs

@@ -91,6 +91,14 @@ public sealed class StaCommandDispatcher
         lock (gate)
         {
             shutdownRequested = true;
+            while (commandQueue.Count > 0)
+            {
+                QueuedStaCommand queuedCommand = commandQueue.Dequeue();
+                queuedCommand.Complete(CreateRejectedReply(
+                    queuedCommand.Command,
+                    ProtocolStatusCode.WorkerUnavailable,
+                    "The STA command dispatcher is shutting down."));
+            }
         }
     }
 

src/MxGateway.Worker/WorkerApplication.cs

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ public static class WorkerApplication
         return Run(
             args,
             new EnvironmentVariableWorkerEnvironment(),
-            new WorkerConsoleLogger(Console.Error),
+            new WorkerConsoleLogger(Console.Error));
-            new WorkerPipeClient());
     }
 
     public static int Run(
@@ -26,7 +25,7 @@ public static class WorkerApplication
             args,
             environment,
             logger,
-            new WorkerPipeClient());
+            new WorkerPipeClient(logger));
     }
 
     public static int Run(