Merge stream A (session lifecycle: startup orphan, sweep metrics, stopping gate, kill-fallback Closed, unattached grace, worker-exit faults session)

This commit is contained in:
Joseph Doherty
2026-10-22 08:21:47 -04:00
15 changed files with 1669 additions and 169 deletions
+87 -44
View File
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ private void EnsureSessionCapacity()
}
```
`SessionManager` also defines five close-reason constants — `DefaultCloseReason` (`"client-close"`), `GatewayShutdownReason` (`"gateway-shutdown"`), `LeaseExpiredReason` (`"lease-expired"`), `FaultedReason` (`"faulted-reaped"`), and `DetachGraceExpiredReason` (`"detach-grace-expired"`) — so that the metrics and worker shutdown paths agree on a fixed vocabulary.
`SessionManager` also defines six close-reason constants — `DefaultCloseReason` (`"client-close"`), `GatewayShutdownReason` (`"gateway-shutdown"`), `LeaseExpiredReason` (`"lease-expired"`), `FaultedReason` (`"faulted-reaped"`), `DetachGraceExpiredReason` (`"detach-grace-expired"`), and `UnattachedGraceExpiredReason` (`"unattached-grace-expired"`) — so that the metrics and worker shutdown paths agree on a fixed vocabulary.
### SessionRegistry (ISessionRegistry)
@@ -137,18 +137,19 @@ public sealed record SessionOpenRequest(
### SessionCloseResult
`SessionCloseResult` is the record returned from a successful close. `AlreadyClosed` distinguishes "this call closed the session" from "the session was already closed when we acquired the close lock", which the metrics layer uses to avoid double-counting.
`SessionCloseResult` is the record returned from a successful close. `AlreadyClosed` distinguishes "this call closed the session" from "the session was already closed when we acquired the close lock", which the metrics layer uses to avoid double-counting. `WorkerShutdownFailure` is set when the worker refused a graceful shutdown and was killed instead — still a successful close (see [Close](#close)); the manager logs it and the gRPC reply does not expose it.
```csharp
public sealed record SessionCloseResult(
string SessionId,
SessionState FinalState,
bool AlreadyClosed);
bool AlreadyClosed,
Exception? WorkerShutdownFailure = null);
```
### SessionCloseStartedException
`SessionCloseStartedException` is `internal` and is only thrown from inside `GatewaySession.CloseAsync` when the close path has already begun mutating worker state and a subsequent step fails. `SessionManager.CloseSessionCoreAsync` catches it, marks the session faulted, increments the close-failed metric, removes the session from the registry, and rethrows it wrapped as `SessionManagerException` with `CloseFailed`. The intermediate type exists so the public API surface only ever exposes `SessionManagerException`.
`SessionCloseStartedException` is `internal` and is only thrown from inside `GatewaySession.CloseAsync` when the close path has already begun mutating worker state and a subsequent step fails — in practice, when the worker's graceful shutdown failed *and* the kill fall-back failed too, so a worker may still be running. `SessionManager.CloseSessionCoreAsync` catches it, marks the session faulted, increments the close-failed metric, removes the session from the registry, and rethrows it wrapped as `SessionManagerException` with `CloseFailed`. The intermediate type exists so the public API surface only ever exposes `SessionManagerException`.
### SessionManagerException and SessionManagerErrorCode
@@ -163,7 +164,9 @@ public sealed record SessionCloseResult(
| `EventQueueOverflow` | Reserved for the worker event channel overflow path. |
| `SessionLimitExceeded` | `MaxSessions` is in use. |
| `OpenFailed` | `OpenSessionAsync` failed; the inner exception carries the cause. |
| `CloseFailed` | A close started but did not complete cleanly; the session is removed and faulted. |
| `CloseFailed` | A close started but did not complete cleanly — the worker's graceful shutdown and the kill fall-back both failed (or a kill threw); the session is removed and faulted. A shutdown failure whose kill succeeded is a successful close, not this. |
| `PermissionDenied` | The caller may not perform the operation on this session (for example, attaching `StreamEvents` to a session opened by a different API key). |
| `GatewayStopping` | The gateway is stopping and refuses new sessions (see [Shutdown Coordination](#shutdown-coordination)). Maps to gRPC `Unavailable`; not recorded as a fault. |
## Lifecycle
@@ -174,14 +177,7 @@ public sealed record SessionCloseResult(
```csharp
catch (Exception exception)
{
session?.MarkFaulted(exception.Message);
if (session is not null)
{
_registry.TryRemove(session.SessionId, out _);
await session.DisposeAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
}
ReleaseSessionSlot();
await RollBackOpenAsync(session, registered, exception).ConfigureAwait(false);
_metrics.Fault(SessionManagerErrorCode.OpenFailed.ToString());
_logger.LogWarning(
exception,
@@ -195,7 +191,17 @@ catch (Exception exception)
}
```
The order — fault, deregister, dispose, release slot, record metric, log, rethrow — matters because releasing the semaphore before disposal would let the next open race the worker process tear-down on the same machine.
`RollBackOpenAsync` faults the session and, when it had been registered, routes it through `RemoveSessionAsync` — the single removal path every teardown uses, which deregisters, drops the session's per-session event metrics, releases the slot and disposes, in that order. The order matters because releasing the semaphore before disposal would let the next open race the worker process tear-down on the same machine. A session that was never registered (id collision) releases the slot and disposes directly. The open-session gauge is not touched by the rollback: `SessionOpened` is recorded inside the attach gate described next, after which nothing in the open sequence can fail.
#### Close or kill during worker startup
The session is registered — and therefore visible to the dashboard's Kill button, the lease sweep and the host drain — for the whole worker startup, which can last up to `MxGateway:Worker:StartupTimeoutSeconds`. A kill or drain that lands in that window finds no worker client to stop, flips the session to `Closed`, removes it and disposes it. The worker client that `SessionWorkerClientFactory.CreateAsync` then returns must not be stored on that dead session and handed back to the caller as a successful open: nothing would ever shut the worker down (the close already ran) and the client would hold a `Closed` session.
`GatewaySession.AttachWorkerClient` therefore returns `false`, under `_syncRoot`, when the session is already `Closing`, `Closed` or `Faulted` or has been disposed. The manager runs the end of the open sequence — attach, `MarkReady`, `SessionOpened` — through `TryAttachWorkerClientAndMarkReadyAsync`, which holds the per-session close gate (`_closeLock`) so a concurrent `CloseAsync` / `KillWorkerWithCloseGateAsync` runs either entirely before it (the attach is refused) or entirely after it (an ordinary close of a Ready session). On a refused attach the manager kills and disposes the late worker client and the open fails with `OpenFailed`; the registry is already empty and the slot was released by whichever teardown closed the session.
Once `CreateAsync` has returned, a live worker exists that only the open path knows about, so the gate wait is **not cancellable** (it waits on `CancellationToken.None`; the gate is only ever held for the duration of one close or kill) and the manager discards the client on *any* exception out of the attach step — the caller's own cancellation (checked before the attach, so an abandoned open never yields a session), a disposed gate, anything thrown while becoming Ready. The failure then surfaces as `OpenFailed` with the cause as inner exception. An exception that escaped before the discard would be an orphaned x86 worker, which a restarted gateway terminates rather than adopts.
Because such a session was never counted as opened, it must not be counted as closed either. `GatewaySession.OpenRecorded` is set inside the same gate right after `SessionOpened` is recorded, and every teardown path (`KillWorkerAsync`, `CloseSessionCoreAsync`, the close-failed branch) records `SessionClosed` / `SessionRemoved` only when it is set — so `sessions.opened`, `sessions.closed` and the `sessions.open` gauge stay consistent across the startup window.
### Run
@@ -215,11 +221,13 @@ The repair transitions the monitor's reconcile broadcasts on the alarm feed (Rai
The same one-distributor-per-session rule is enforced at the other end of the lifecycle. Session disposal disposes the distributor and latches the fact, so an attach that passed its readiness gate and then lost the CPU until the session was torn down throws `SessionNotReady` rather than constructing a replacement distributor. A replacement can never be pumped — the pump-start flag is a one-way latch — so its subscriber would block on an empty channel that is never completed until the client's own deadline expired, with no error, log or metric to explain it. Every attach entry point (`AttachEventSubscriber`, `AttachEventSubscriberWithReplay`, `AttachInternalEventSubscriber`) fails this way, and each rolls back the subscriber-count slot it took, so a caller that loses the race to teardown sees the same failure it would have seen a moment later from the readiness gate.
Sessions open with `MxGateway:Sessions:DefaultLeaseSeconds` (default 1800) added to the open timestamp. Unary client activity refreshes the lease by the same duration. `ExtendLease` and `IsLeaseExpired` cooperate with `SessionManager.CloseExpiredLeasesAsync`, which iterates a registry snapshot and closes any session whose lease has expired with `LeaseExpiredReason`. `SessionLeaseMonitorHostedService` runs that sweep every `MxGateway:Sessions:LeaseSweepIntervalSeconds` seconds (default 30).
Sessions open with `MxGateway:Sessions:DefaultLeaseSeconds` (default 1800) added to the open timestamp. Unary client activity refreshes the lease by the same duration (`TouchClientActivity` is the only path that moves the lease). `IsLeaseExpired` cooperates with `SessionManager.CloseExpiredLeasesAsync`, which iterates a registry snapshot and closes any session whose lease has expired with `LeaseExpiredReason`. `SessionLeaseMonitorHostedService` runs that sweep every `MxGateway:Sessions:LeaseSweepIntervalSeconds` seconds (default 30).
#### Teardown parallelism
A sweep pass is two phases. *Selection* stays a single sequential pass over the snapshot, because that is what gives the precedence rule (lease-expiry, then faulted, then detach-grace) and the `TryBeginCloseIfExpired` TOCTOU re-check their meaning. *Closing* then runs over the already-selected set with `Parallel.ForEachAsync` at `MaxParallelSessionCloses`, a compile-time constant of `4` in `SessionManager`. Each close is bounded by `MxGateway:Worker:ShutdownTimeoutSeconds` (default 10), so a one-at-a-time sweep lets a few hung workers serialize reaping and starve session slots for the rest. Parallel closing is safe because `TryBeginCloseIfExpired` already flipped each selected session to `Closing` under its own lock — that idempotent begin-close is the per-session exclusivity invariant, so no two teardowns can ever run against one session. The degree is a fixed constant rather than an option, and bounded rather than unlimited, because every concurrent close is one x86 worker process being shut down or killed; the fan-out exists to hide a few hung workers, not to tear the whole registry down at once.
A sweep pass is two phases. *Selection* stays a single sequential pass over the snapshot, because that is what gives the precedence rule (lease-expiry, then faulted, then detach-grace, then unattached-grace) and the `TryBeginCloseIfExpired` TOCTOU re-check their meaning. *Closing* then runs over the already-selected set with `Parallel.ForEachAsync` at `MaxParallelSessionCloses`, a compile-time constant of `4` in `SessionManager`. Each close is bounded by `MxGateway:Worker:ShutdownTimeoutSeconds` (default 10), so a one-at-a-time sweep lets a few hung workers serialize reaping and starve session slots for the rest. Parallel closing is safe because `TryBeginCloseIfExpired` already flipped each selected session to `Closing` under its own lock — that idempotent begin-close is the per-session exclusivity invariant, so no two teardowns can ever run against one session. The degree is a fixed constant rather than an option, and bounded rather than unlimited, because every concurrent close is one x86 worker process being shut down or killed; the fan-out exists to hide a few hung workers, not to tear the whole registry down at once.
`TryBeginCloseIfExpired` is a *reservation*, not the close: it writes `Closing` but leaves the session's close-started flag alone, so the `CloseAsync` the sweep issues next is the first close to run and reports `AlreadyClosed: false`. That is what lets `CloseSessionCoreAsync` account `SessionClosed` for lease-expired, faulted-reaped and detach-grace-expired closes exactly once; a reservation that also set the flag made every sweep-driven close look like a second concurrent close, and swept sessions never left the `sessions.open` gauge. A client close that races the reservation still counts once: whichever `CloseAsync` takes the close lock first does the accounting, and the other finds the session `Closed`.
Splitting the phases moves the TOCTOU re-check earlier, and that is an accepted trade rather than an unchanged behavior: selection now flips **every** chosen session to `Closing` up front, before any teardown runs, whereas the sequential sweep re-checked session *N* only after sessions *1..N-1* had finished closing. A client that re-attaches a subscriber while the close phase is running therefore loses a race it could previously win — the eligibility snapshot is taken at one instant for the whole pass. Expiry evaluation itself is unaffected, because `now` is a parameter and is not re-read per session.
@@ -239,9 +247,21 @@ Mechanically: when the last external subscriber detaches and `DetachGraceSeconds
`DetachGraceSeconds` controls retention and expiry only; the reconnect/replay path that re-attaches a dropped client to a retained session is described in [Reconnect and replay](#reconnect-and-replay).
#### Worker exit outside a gateway close
`IWorkerClient` has no state-change callback, so a worker that reached `Closed` or `Faulted` *without the gateway closing it* — the client sent the `ShutdownWorker` control command and the worker exited cleanly, the worker crashed, its pipe broke, a heartbeat timed out — used to leave the session reporting `Ready` until its lease expired (a live finding: `WorkerClient` was `Closed` on the shutdown ack, the session still `Ready`, even with an event stream attached). The session now observes it from its own worker-event pump source (`MapWorkerEventsAsync`): the single distributor pump is the session's one always-on view of the worker (it runs from `MarkReady` via the dashboard mirror), and `WorkerClient` enters its terminal state *before* it completes the event channel, so when the enumeration ends the terminal state is visible. `ObserveWorkerTerminalState` then faults a `Ready` session whose worker is `Closed`/`Faulted`.
The choice is **`Faulted`, not `Closed`**: `Closed` means the gateway closed the session, and a `Closed` session left in the registry would linger until its lease expired with nothing reaping it. A faulted session is permanently unusable (every command fails the readiness check, as the worker is gone), stays observable via `GetSessionStatus` with `FinalFault` naming the worker state, and is reaped by the faulted-session sweep below after `FaultedGraceSeconds` — which is where `SessionClosed` is accounted, exactly once, through the ordinary `CloseSessionCoreAsync` path (`WorkerClient.ShutdownAsync` on a `Closed` client returns immediately, so no kill fallback or warning). Only a `Ready` session follows its worker: during a gateway-initiated close the worker closing is the expected outcome, not a fault.
#### Faulted-session reaping
A session that faults (for example, a slow single-subscriber client that overflows its event queue under the `FailFast` backpressure policy) is left permanently unusable — every command fails `EvaluateReadyUnderLock` — but its worker keeps running and it still pins one of `MxGateway:Sessions:MaxSessions` slots. Rather than waiting up to `DefaultLeaseSeconds` for the lease to expire, `SessionManager.CloseExpiredLeasesAsync` also checks `IsFaultedReapable(now)` and reaps a faulted session through the same `TryBeginCloseIfExpired` → `CloseSessionCoreAsync` teardown, with the distinct `FaultedReason` (`"faulted-reaped"`). `MarkFaulted` stamps a fault timestamp from the session's `TimeProvider`; `MxGateway:Sessions:FaultedGraceSeconds` (default `0`) bounds how long the faulted session is retained before the next sweep reaps it — `0` reaps it on the next sweep, a positive value keeps it observable via `GetSessionStatus` for that window first. Sweep precedence when several conditions fire at once is lease-expiry, then faulted, then detach-grace.
A session that faults (for example, a slow single-subscriber client that overflows its event queue under the `FailFast` backpressure policy) is left permanently unusable — every command fails `EvaluateReadyUnderLock` — but its worker keeps running and it still pins one of `MxGateway:Sessions:MaxSessions` slots. Rather than waiting up to `DefaultLeaseSeconds` for the lease to expire, `SessionManager.CloseExpiredLeasesAsync` also checks `IsFaultedReapable(now)` and reaps a faulted session through the same `TryBeginCloseIfExpired` → `CloseSessionCoreAsync` teardown, with the distinct `FaultedReason` (`"faulted-reaped"`). `MarkFaulted` stamps a fault timestamp from the session's `TimeProvider`; `MxGateway:Sessions:FaultedGraceSeconds` (default `0`) bounds how long the faulted session is retained before the next sweep reaps it — `0` reaps it on the next sweep, a positive value keeps it observable via `GetSessionStatus` for that window first. Sweep precedence when several conditions fire at once is lease-expiry, then faulted, then detach-grace, then unattached-grace.
#### Never-subscribed session reaping
Detach-grace only helps a session that *had* a subscriber. A client that opens a session and then disappears before it ever calls `StreamEvents` — OtOpcUa's `GalaxyDriver` failing part-way through its start-up is the motivating case — leaves a `Ready` session with no subscriber, no detach timestamp and a lease 30 minutes out, pinning one of `MaxSessions` and a live x86 worker for all of `DefaultLeaseSeconds`. `MxGateway:Sessions:UnattachedSessionGraceSeconds` (default `0`, off) closes that gap: when positive, `CloseExpiredLeasesAsync` also checks `IsUnattachedGraceExpired(now)` and reaps, with the distinct `UnattachedGraceExpiredReason` (`"unattached-grace-expired"`), any `Ready` session that has never had a subscriber of either kind and has been idle for the window.
Four deliberate limits keep the rule from catching legitimate sessions. It applies only to `Ready` sessions, and its idle clock starts at `Ready` (`MarkReady` stamps `_readyAtUtc`), so a slow worker start neither reaps the session mid-startup nor eats the window before the client even has the session id. Idle is measured from the later of that Ready stamp and the session's *last client activity* (its most recent unary command), so a unary-only client (reads and writes, never streams) is not reaped while it keeps calling; the rule is an idle timeout for sessions that never streamed, not a deadline to stream. It stops applying the moment the first subscriber attaches, after which detach-grace and the normal lease govern the session. And an *internal* in-process subscriber counts as attached for this rule (`AttachInternalEventSubscriber` sets a separate `_everHadInternalEventSubscriber` latch): the gateway's own `GatewayAlarmMonitor` session only ever attaches that way, and it must not be reaped by its own gateway every cycle. The latch is separate from `_everHadEventSubscriber` because that one drives detach-grace, which is keyed on external subscribers only. The dashboard mirror, which every session registers at `MarkReady`, is deliberately *not* a subscriber for this rule. Like the other sweep conditions it is re-verified inside `TryBeginCloseIfExpired`, so a subscriber that attaches between selection and the close wins the race. Operators should set the window comfortably above a well-behaved client's open-to-first-`StreamEvents` time; the close lands on the next sweep after the window elapses, up to `LeaseSweepIntervalSeconds` later.
#### Reconnect and replay
@@ -270,6 +290,7 @@ The ReplayGap sentinel is emitted **only** on the `StreamEvents` server stream a
`GatewaySession.CloseAsync` is serialized by a per-session `SemaphoreSlim` (`_closeLock`) so only one close runs at a time, but every read/write of `_state` still passes through `_syncRoot` (via `TryBeginClose` and `MarkClosed`). The close path therefore obeys the same lock discipline as `TransitionTo` / `MarkFaulted`: it transitions to `Closing`, asks the worker client to shut down within `ShutdownTimeout`, and on success transitions to `Closed`. `DisposeAsync` waits on `_closeLock` once before disposing the semaphore so an in-flight close's `Release()` cannot race against the dispose. `WorkerClient.ShutdownAsync` is bounded by `ShutdownTimeout` end to end — queuing the `WorkerShutdown` envelope included, since a worker that stopped reading the pipe can leave the bounded outbound channel full with no watchdog left to clear it once the client is `Closing` — so a close never holds `_closeLock` longer than the timeout before reaching the fallback. If `WorkerClient.ShutdownAsync` throws, the session falls back to `IWorkerClient.Kill` (forced close):
```csharp
Exception? workerShutdownFailure = null;
if (_workerClient is not null)
{
try
@@ -289,54 +310,76 @@ if (_workerClient is not null)
new AggregateException(exception, killException));
}
throw;
workerShutdownFailure = exception;
}
}
MarkClosed();
return new SessionCloseResult(SessionId, SessionState.Closed, alreadyClosing, workerShutdownFailure);
```
If both graceful shutdown and the kill fall-back fail, the original and kill exceptions are bundled into an `AggregateException` and surfaced as `SessionCloseStartedException`. `SessionManager.CloseSessionCoreAsync` then translates that into a `SessionManagerException` with `CloseFailed` and removes the session.
A kill that succeeds completes the close **successfully**: the worker is gone and the session is `Closed`, exactly as if the shutdown had worked, and the caller's `CloseSession` reply says so. The graceful failure is not lost — it travels back as `SessionCloseResult.WorkerShutdownFailure`, and `SessionManager.CloseSessionCoreAsync` logs it at warning level ("did not shut down gracefully and was killed"), which is the operator signal that workers are hanging on shutdown. The kill itself is counted by `WorkerClient.Kill` (`mxgateway.workers.killed`). Nothing is faulted and no `CloseFailed` fault is recorded, because nothing failed from the session's point of view; reporting the common hung-worker case that way had made every such close look like a teardown failure.
`GatewaySession.KillWorker` is the unconditional forced-close path used by shutdown when graceful close itself throws, and also by `SessionManager.KillWorkerAsync` — the explicit kill path that the dashboard's admin Kill button invokes. `KillWorkerAsync` skips `WorkerClient.ShutdownAsync` entirely, so `KillCount` increments while `ShutdownCount` does not; the session is then removed from the registry and the open-session slot is released, identical to the cleanup that follows a successful `CloseSessionAsync`.
Only if both the graceful shutdown and the kill fall-back fail are the original and kill exceptions bundled into an `AggregateException` and surfaced as `SessionCloseStartedException`. `SessionManager.CloseSessionCoreAsync` then translates that into a `SessionManagerException` with `CloseFailed`, faults the session, records the fault metric and removes the session — a worker may still be running, which is what `CloseFailed` is reserved for.
**Losing a race to a concurrent close.** A caller that looked a session up (a kill, a client close, a sweep's snapshot) and then found its close gate already disposed — because a concurrent close finished, removed the session, accounted `SessionClosed` and disposed it in between — sees `ObjectDisposedException` from the gate. Both `KillWorkerAsync` and `CloseSessionCoreAsync` catch that case *when the session is no longer registered* and return `AlreadyClosed: true` with no accounting, no fault and no log: the close that won already did all of it. (The old kill catch recorded a fault, faulted the session and decremented the open gauge a second time; the sweep rethrew it as a sweep failure.) A sweep does not count such a session among the sessions it closed. A disposed gate on a session that *is* still registered is a real failure and takes the normal `CloseFailed` path.
`SessionManager.KillWorkerAsync` is the explicit kill path that the dashboard's admin Kill button invokes and that `ShutdownAsync` falls back to when a graceful close throws. It goes through `GatewaySession.KillWorkerWithCloseGateAsync`, which skips `WorkerClient.ShutdownAsync` entirely, so `KillCount` increments while `ShutdownCount` does not; the session is then removed from the registry and the open-session slot is released, identical to the cleanup that follows a successful `CloseSessionAsync`.
## Shutdown Coordination
`SessionShutdownHostedService.StopAsync` calls `SessionManager.ShutdownAsync`, which closes every registered session with `GatewayShutdownReason`. Sessions are drained with the same bounded fan-out the lease sweep uses (`MaxParallelSessionCloses`), because a one-at-a-time drain of a full registry at a worst-case worker shutdown timeout each outruns any host stop-timeout and leaves the tail to the orphan killer. Each iteration catches its own exceptions — *every* exception, including from the fallback — calls `KillWorkerAsync` on an uncancellable token, and removes the session, so that neither one stuck worker nor one failing teardown can block or abort the rest of the host's drain:
```csharp
await Parallel.ForEachAsync(
_registry.Snapshot(),
new ParallelOptions { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = MaxParallelSessionCloses },
async (session, _) =>
MarkStopping();
for (int pass = 0; pass < MaxShutdownDrainPasses; pass++)
{
if (_registry.Count == 0)
{
try
return;
}
await Parallel.ForEachAsync(
_registry.Snapshot(),
new ParallelOptions { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = MaxParallelSessionCloses },
async (session, _) =>
{
await CloseSessionCoreAsync(session, GatewayShutdownReason, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
_logger.LogWarning(
exception,
"Graceful shutdown failed for session {SessionId}; killing worker.",
session.SessionId);
if (_registry.TryGet(session.SessionId, out GatewaySession? registeredSession)
&& registeredSession is not null)
try
{
try
await CloseSessionCoreAsync(session, GatewayShutdownReason, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
_logger.LogWarning(
exception,
"Graceful shutdown failed for session {SessionId}; killing worker.",
session.SessionId);
if (_registry.TryGet(session.SessionId, out GatewaySession? registeredSession)
&& registeredSession is not null)
{
// Not the caller's token: the kill is the last-resort orphan preventer.
await KillWorkerAsync(session.SessionId, GatewayShutdownReason, CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
catch (Exception killException)
{
_logger.LogWarning(killException, "Worker kill fallback failed for session {SessionId}.", session.SessionId);
try
{
// Not the caller's token: the kill is the last-resort orphan preventer.
await KillWorkerAsync(session.SessionId, GatewayShutdownReason, CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
catch (Exception killException)
{
_logger.LogWarning(killException, "Worker kill fallback failed for session {SessionId}.", session.SessionId);
}
}
}
}
}).ConfigureAwait(false);
}).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
```
Iterating over `Snapshot` rather than the live dictionary lets `RemoveSessionAsync` mutate the registry from inside the loop without throwing, and gives the parallel drain a stable, already-materialized source.
### Stopping gate
A drain that only ever looked at one snapshot could be outrun by `OpenSession`: the host raises `ApplicationStopping` *before* hosted services stop, and Kestrel keeps accepting gRPC calls until its own `StopAsync` runs, so a session opened behind the snapshot would have nobody left to close it and its x86 worker would survive the gateway as an orphan. `SessionManager` therefore keeps a stopping flag that is set by the host's `IHostApplicationLifetime.ApplicationStopping` (the manager registers for it in its constructor when the lifetime is injected) and, as a fallback for hosts without one, at the start of `ShutdownAsync`. Once set it is never cleared. `OpenSessionAsync` checks it twice: on entry, before a slot is taken, and again right after the session is registered. The second check is what closes the race — the flag is written before the drain takes its registry snapshot, so an open that does not observe it there registered its session before that snapshot and is drained, while one that does observe it rolls its own session back. Either way the caller receives `SessionManagerException` with `GatewayStopping`, which the gRPC layer maps to `Unavailable` so the client retries against the restarted gateway; it is not an open failure and records no fault metric.
The drain loop above is the backstop to that gate: it re-snapshots until the registry is empty, bounded at `MaxShutdownDrainPasses` (`3`) so a session that somehow cannot be removed cannot hold the host stop forever. Anything still registered after the last pass is logged and left to the orphan terminator on the next start.
## Dependency Injection
`SessionServiceCollectionExtensions.AddGatewaySessions` registers the four singletons and the hosted service: