2a8e2981fe
v2-ci / unit-tests (push) Has been cancelled
Owner decisions §14 #5/#6 as built (design §12.5): - Scripting:Worker:Identity (default unset, Windows only, fail-closed validation): each worker starts under a restricted token derived from the host's. Every privilege but SeChangeNotify is removed; the restricting SIDs are NT SERVICE\OtOpcUaScriptWorker's SID + Everyone + Users + RESTRICTED; the token and default DACLs are host + SYSTEM + identity + RESTRICTED. The worker is created suspended, put in its Job Object before it runs, inherits only its stdio pipes, gets an ACL'd work dir as TEMP, and runs with DOTNET_EnableDiagnostics=0. The identity is granted on the host's window station and desktop, because USER32 init made coreclr.dll fail with ERROR_DLL_INIT_FAILED on windev. The logon SID is not used because the host's process DACL gives it PROCESS_VM_READ. - The worker pipe on Windows always has an explicit protected DACL: host account + identity only. There is no owner ACE, so an elevated host's Administrators gets no access. - The worker treats access denied on its parent-pid poll as alive; the Job Object covers that case. - scripts/install/Install-ScriptWorkerIsolation.ps1 + ScriptWorkerIsolation.psm1 are idempotent and support -WhatIf, -Uninstall and -PlanOnly. They create the disabled anchor service, the PeCacheDir ACL (protected, no Users, key and markers host-only, pe\ Modify for the identity), read+execute on script-worker\, a ReadData deny on the install root, the outbound firewall block on the worker exe, and optionally the host-service env. - Tests: the dry-run harness scripts/install/tests/Test-ScriptWorkerIsolation.ps1 (46 assertions, mutation-checked); ScriptWorkerIdentityTests; WorkerIsolationTests, which cover the pipe ACL, token access and a real restricted worker running a script, all green on windev. Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01GT67AEHd2Acv1YPwGfXEoV
313 lines
18 KiB
PowerShell
313 lines
18 KiB
PowerShell
<#
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ScriptWorker isolation (lmxopcua#780, design §6 + owner decisions §14 #5/#6, §7 PeCacheDir ACL).
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Pure planning functions (no OS calls — the dry-run harness runs them on any OS) plus the Windows apply step.
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Install-ScriptWorkerIsolation.ps1 is the entry point; see its help.
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The worker identity is the virtual account NT SERVICE\<WorkerServiceName>. Its SID is computed from the name
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(Get-OtOpcUaServiceSid, the algorithm behind `sc.exe showsid`), and the host starts each worker with a restricted
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token whose restricting SIDs are that identity + Everyone + BUILTIN\Users + RESTRICTED (ScriptWorkerIdentity.cs,
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RestrictedWorkerLauncher.cs). Every access check the worker makes must therefore pass for the host account AND for
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that set — which is why the ACLs below grant or deny the worker identity specifically.
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#>
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Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
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# Access masks (FileSystemRights) used in the planned ACEs.
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$script:FullControl = 0x1F01FF
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$script:Modify = 0x1301BF # Modify | Synchronize
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$script:ReadAndExecute = 0x1200A9 # ReadAndExecute | Synchronize
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$script:ReadData = 0x000001 # ReadData (files) / ListDirectory (folders)
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$script:FirewallRuleName = 'OtOpcUa-ScriptWorker-BlockOutbound'
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$script:WorkerExeName = 'ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.ScriptWorker.exe'
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$script:EnvIdentity = 'Scripting__Worker__Identity'
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$script:EnvPeCacheDir = 'Scripting__Worker__PeCacheDir'
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function Get-OtOpcUaServiceSid {
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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The SID of the virtual account NT SERVICE\<Name>: S-1-5-80- + SHA-1 of the upper-cased name (UTF-16LE) read as
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five little-endian UInt32 values. Identical to `sc.exe showsid <Name>` and to ScriptWorkerIdentity.ServiceSid.
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#>
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[CmdletBinding()]
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)] [ValidatePattern('^[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]{1,80}$')] [string]$Name)
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$bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes($Name.ToUpperInvariant())
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$sha1 = [System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1]::Create()
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try { $hash = $sha1.ComputeHash($bytes) } finally { $sha1.Dispose() }
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$parts = for ($i = 0; $i -lt 5; $i++) { [BitConverter]::ToUInt32($hash, $i * 4) }
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'S-1-5-80-' + ($parts -join '-')
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}
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function Format-OtOpcUaAce {
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# One SDDL ACE string: (A|D;flags;0xMASK;;;SID).
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param([ValidateSet('A', 'D')] [string]$Type, [string]$Flags, [int]$Mask, [string]$Sid)
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'({0};{1};0x{2:x};;;{3})' -f $Type, $Flags, $Mask, $Sid
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}
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function Get-OtOpcUaPeCacheSddl {
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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The PeCacheDir root's security descriptor: owner Administrators, PROTECTED (no inherited Users/Everyone/
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Authenticated Users), SYSTEM + Administrators + the host account full control (container + object inherit).
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The worker identity gets NOTHING here — the HMAC key (pe-cache.key) and the launch markers (workers\) stay
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host-only; the worker's one writable place is the pe\ subfolder (Get-OtOpcUaPeEntriesAce).
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#>
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$HostSid)
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$aces = @(
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(Format-OtOpcUaAce -Type A -Flags 'OICI' -Mask $script:FullControl -Sid 'SY')
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(Format-OtOpcUaAce -Type A -Flags 'OICI' -Mask $script:FullControl -Sid 'BA')
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)
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if ($HostSid -ne 'S-1-5-18') { $aces += Format-OtOpcUaAce -Type A -Flags 'OICI' -Mask $script:FullControl -Sid $HostSid }
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'O:BAG:SYD:PAI' + ($aces -join '')
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}
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function Get-OtOpcUaPeEntriesAce {
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# pe\ : the worker compiles in-process (owner decision §14 #7) and writes HMAC'd entries here — Modify, inherited.
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$WorkerSid)
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Format-OtOpcUaAce -Type A -Flags 'OICI' -Mask $script:Modify -Sid $WorkerSid
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}
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function Get-OtOpcUaScriptWorkerFolderAce {
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# script-worker\ : the worker's own binaries — read and execute, inherited.
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$WorkerSid)
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Format-OtOpcUaAce -Type A -Flags 'OICI' -Mask $script:ReadAndExecute -Sid $WorkerSid
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}
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function Get-OtOpcUaInstallRootDenyAce {
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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InstallRoot\ : DENY the worker identity ReadData/ListDirectory, inherited — so appsettings*.json, the logs and
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the host binaries are unreadable to the worker even where BUILTIN\Users (one of its restricting SIDs) can read
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them (Program Files grants Users read). script-worker\'s explicit allow is the nearer ACE and wins below it.
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#>
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$WorkerSid)
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Format-OtOpcUaAce -Type D -Flags 'OICI' -Mask $script:ReadData -Sid $WorkerSid
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}
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function New-OtOpcUaPlanStep {
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param([string]$Id, [string]$Target, [string]$Change, [hashtable]$Data = @{})
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[pscustomobject]@{ Id = $Id; Target = $Target; Change = $Change; Data = $Data }
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}
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function Get-ScriptWorkerIsolationPlan {
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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Every change Install-ScriptWorkerIsolation.ps1 makes, in order, as data. Pure: no OS call, so the dry-run harness
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(scripts/install/tests/Test-ScriptWorkerIsolation.ps1) asserts it on any OS and -WhatIf prints it verbatim.
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#>
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[CmdletBinding()]
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param(
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[Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$InstallRoot,
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[Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$HostSid,
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[Parameter(Mandatory)] [string]$PeCacheDir,
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[string]$WorkerServiceName = 'OtOpcUaScriptWorker',
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[string]$HostServiceName = 'OtOpcUaHost',
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[switch]$ConfigureHostService,
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[switch]$Uninstall,
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[switch]$RemovePeCache
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)
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# Windows paths, planned on any OS (the harness runs on macOS/Linux too): drive-rooted or UNC only.
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foreach ($p in @{ InstallRoot = $InstallRoot; PeCacheDir = $PeCacheDir }.GetEnumerator()) {
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if ($p.Value -notmatch '^([A-Za-z]:\\|\\\\[^\\]+\\)') { throw "$($p.Key) '$($p.Value)' must be an absolute Windows path" }
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}
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$root = $InstallRoot.TrimEnd('\')
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$cache = $PeCacheDir.TrimEnd('\')
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if ($cache -ieq $root -or $cache.StartsWith($root + '\', [StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)) {
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throw "PeCacheDir '$PeCacheDir' is inside InstallRoot '$InstallRoot'; the host refuses a cache inside its content root"
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}
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$workerSid = Get-OtOpcUaServiceSid -Name $WorkerServiceName
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$identity = "NT SERVICE\$WorkerServiceName"
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$workerFolder = "$root\script-worker"
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$workerExe = "$workerFolder\$($script:WorkerExeName)"
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$entries = "$cache\pe"
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$steps = [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]::new()
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if (-not $Uninstall) {
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'AnchorService' $WorkerServiceName `
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"register the disabled anchor service '$WorkerServiceName' so the virtual account '$identity' ($workerSid) resolves by name (never started)" `
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@{ Name = $WorkerServiceName; Identity = $identity; BinPath = $workerExe }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'PeCacheDir' $cache `
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"create the PE cache directory and set its ACL (protected; SYSTEM, Administrators, host account full control; no Users; no worker access to the key or markers)" `
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@{ Path = $cache; Sddl = (Get-OtOpcUaPeCacheSddl -HostSid $HostSid) }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'PeEntriesDir' $entries `
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"create the PE entries directory and grant the worker identity Modify (it compiles and writes HMAC'd entries)" `
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@{ Path = $entries; Ace = (Get-OtOpcUaPeEntriesAce -WorkerSid $workerSid); Sid = $workerSid; Mask = $script:Modify; Type = 'Allow' }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'WorkerFolderAcl' $workerFolder `
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"grant the worker identity read+execute on its own binaries" `
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@{ Path = $workerFolder; Ace = (Get-OtOpcUaScriptWorkerFolderAce -WorkerSid $workerSid); Sid = $workerSid; Mask = $script:ReadAndExecute; Type = 'Allow' }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'InstallRootDeny' $root `
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"deny the worker identity ReadData/ListDirectory on the install folder (appsettings, logs, host binaries); script-worker\ stays readable" `
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@{ Path = $root; Ace = (Get-OtOpcUaInstallRootDenyAce -WorkerSid $workerSid); Sid = $workerSid; Mask = $script:ReadData; Type = 'Deny' }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'FirewallBlockOutbound' $script:FirewallRuleName `
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"add a Windows Firewall rule blocking ALL outbound traffic from '$workerExe' (every profile)" `
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@{ Name = $script:FirewallRuleName; Program = $workerExe }))
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if ($ConfigureHostService) {
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'HostServiceEnv' $HostServiceName `
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"set $($script:EnvIdentity)=$identity and $($script:EnvPeCacheDir)=$cache in the '$HostServiceName' service environment (other entries kept; takes effect on the next service start)" `
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@{ Service = $HostServiceName; Set = [ordered]@{ $script:EnvIdentity = $identity; $script:EnvPeCacheDir = $cache } }))
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}
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}
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else {
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if ($ConfigureHostService) {
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'HostServiceEnv' $HostServiceName `
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"remove $($script:EnvIdentity) and $($script:EnvPeCacheDir) from the '$HostServiceName' service environment (workers revert to the host's token on the next start)" `
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@{ Service = $HostServiceName; Remove = @($script:EnvIdentity, $script:EnvPeCacheDir) }))
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}
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'FirewallBlockOutbound' $script:FirewallRuleName `
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"remove the Windows Firewall rule '$($script:FirewallRuleName)'" @{ Name = $script:FirewallRuleName; Remove = $true }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'InstallRootDeny' $root `
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"remove every explicit ACE for the worker identity from the install folder" @{ Path = $root; Sid = $workerSid; Remove = $true }))
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'WorkerFolderAcl' $workerFolder `
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"remove every explicit ACE for the worker identity from script-worker\" @{ Path = $workerFolder; Sid = $workerSid; Remove = $true }))
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if ($RemovePeCache) {
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'PeCacheDir' $cache `
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"delete the PE cache directory (HMAC key, entries, launch markers; the host recreates a fresh cache if still configured)" `
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@{ Path = $cache; Remove = $true }))
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}
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else {
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'PeEntriesDir' $entries `
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"remove every explicit ACE for the worker identity from the PE entries directory (the cache itself is kept; -RemovePeCache deletes it)" `
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@{ Path = $entries; Sid = $workerSid; Remove = $true }))
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}
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$steps.Add((New-OtOpcUaPlanStep 'AnchorService' $WorkerServiceName `
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"delete the anchor service '$WorkerServiceName'" @{ Name = $WorkerServiceName; Remove = $true }))
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}
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$steps
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}
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Apply (Windows only). Each function is idempotent: it reads the current state, changes only what differs, and
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# returns 'changed' or 'unchanged'. Callers gate every call with ShouldProcess, so -WhatIf runs none of them.
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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function Set-OtOpcUaExplicitAce {
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# Ensures exactly one explicit ACE for $Sid on $Path with the given type/mask/inheritance (or none when $Remove).
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param([string]$Path, [string]$Sid, [int]$Mask = 0, [string]$Type = 'Allow', [switch]$Remove)
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if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $Path)) {
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if ($Remove) { return 'unchanged' }
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throw "$Path does not exist"
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}
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$item = Get-Item -LiteralPath $Path
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$acl = $item.GetAccessControl('Access')
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$identity = [System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]::new($Sid)
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$explicit = @($acl.GetAccessRules($true, $false, [System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]) |
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Where-Object { $_.IdentityReference -eq $identity })
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$inherit = [System.Security.AccessControl.InheritanceFlags]'ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit'
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$wanted = if ($Remove) { @() } else {
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, [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule]::new($identity, [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]$Mask,
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$inherit, [System.Security.AccessControl.PropagationFlags]::None, [System.Security.AccessControl.AccessControlType]$Type)
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}
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$same = ($explicit.Count -eq $wanted.Count) -and (
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$wanted.Count -eq 0 -or (
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[int]$explicit[0].FileSystemRights -eq $Mask -and $explicit[0].AccessControlType -eq $wanted[0].AccessControlType -and
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$explicit[0].InheritanceFlags -eq $inherit -and $explicit[0].PropagationFlags -eq 'None'))
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if ($same) { return 'unchanged' }
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$acl.PurgeAccessRules($identity)
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foreach ($rule in $wanted) { $acl.AddAccessRule($rule) }
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$item.SetAccessControl($acl)
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'changed'
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}
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function Set-OtOpcUaStepAce {
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param([hashtable]$Data)
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if ($Data.ContainsKey('Remove')) { return (Set-OtOpcUaExplicitAce -Path $Data.Path -Sid $Data.Sid -Remove) }
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Set-OtOpcUaExplicitAce -Path $Data.Path -Sid $Data.Sid -Mask $Data.Mask -Type $Data.Type
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}
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function Invoke-ScriptWorkerIsolationStep {
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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Applies one plan step on Windows. Idempotent; returns 'changed' or 'unchanged'.
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#>
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[CmdletBinding()]
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)] $Step)
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$d = $Step.Data
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switch ($Step.Id) {
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'AnchorService' {
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$svc = Get-Service -Name $d.Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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if ($d.ContainsKey('Remove')) {
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if (-not $svc) { return 'unchanged' }
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& sc.exe delete $d.Name | Out-Null
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "sc.exe delete $($d.Name) failed ($LASTEXITCODE)" }
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return 'changed'
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}
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$verb = if ($svc) { 'config' } else { 'create' }
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$cfg = Get-CimInstance Win32_Service -Filter "Name='$($d.Name)'" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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if ($cfg -and $cfg.StartMode -eq 'Disabled' -and $cfg.StartName -ieq $d.Identity -and $cfg.PathName -eq "`"$($d.BinPath)`"") {
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return 'unchanged'
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}
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& sc.exe $verb $d.Name binPath= "`"$($d.BinPath)`"" start= disabled obj= $d.Identity `
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DisplayName= 'OtOpcUa ScriptWorker identity (anchor, never started)' | Out-Null
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "sc.exe $verb $($d.Name) failed ($LASTEXITCODE)" }
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& sc.exe sidtype $d.Name unrestricted | Out-Null
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& sc.exe description $d.Name 'Anchors the NT SERVICE virtual account OtOpcUa ScriptWorker processes are restricted to (lmxopcua#780). Never started: the OtOpcUaHost launches workers itself under a restricted token.' | Out-Null
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return 'changed'
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}
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'PeCacheDir' {
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if ($d.ContainsKey('Remove')) {
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if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $d.Path)) { return 'unchanged' }
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Remove-Item -LiteralPath $d.Path -Recurse -Force
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return 'changed'
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}
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$changed = $false
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if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $d.Path)) { New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $d.Path -Force | Out-Null; $changed = $true }
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$item = Get-Item -LiteralPath $d.Path
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$current = $item.GetAccessControl('Access, Owner').GetSecurityDescriptorSddlForm('Access, Owner')
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$desired = [System.Security.AccessControl.DirectorySecurity]::new()
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$desired.SetSecurityDescriptorSddlForm($d.Sddl, 'Access, Owner')
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if ($current -ne $desired.GetSecurityDescriptorSddlForm('Access, Owner')) {
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$item.SetAccessControl($desired) # propagates to the key file, pe\ and workers\ (inherited ACEs)
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$changed = $true
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}
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return $(if ($changed) { 'changed' } else { 'unchanged' })
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}
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'PeEntriesDir' {
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if (-not $d.ContainsKey('Remove') -and -not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $d.Path)) {
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New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $d.Path -Force | Out-Null
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}
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return (Set-OtOpcUaStepAce -Data $d)
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}
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{ $_ -in 'WorkerFolderAcl', 'InstallRootDeny' } {
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return (Set-OtOpcUaStepAce -Data $d)
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}
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'FirewallBlockOutbound' {
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$rule = Get-NetFirewallRule -Name $d.Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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if ($d.ContainsKey('Remove')) {
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if (-not $rule) { return 'unchanged' }
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Remove-NetFirewallRule -Name $d.Name
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return 'changed'
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}
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if ($rule) {
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$app = ($rule | Get-NetFirewallApplicationFilter).Program
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if ($rule.Direction -eq 'Outbound' -and $rule.Action -eq 'Block' -and $rule.Enabled -eq 'True' -and
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$rule.Profile -eq 'Any' -and $app -ieq $d.Program) { return 'unchanged' }
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Remove-NetFirewallRule -Name $d.Name
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}
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New-NetFirewallRule -Name $d.Name -DisplayName 'OtOpcUa ScriptWorker - block outbound' `
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-Description 'lmxopcua#780 design §6: OtOpcUa script workers never need the network; scripts are also denied System.Net at compile time.' `
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-Direction Outbound -Action Block -Program $d.Program -Profile Any -Enabled True | Out-Null
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return 'changed'
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}
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'HostServiceEnv' {
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$key = "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\$($d.Service)"
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if (-not (Test-Path $key)) {
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if ($d.ContainsKey('Remove')) { return 'unchanged' }
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throw "service '$($d.Service)' is not installed (run Install-Services.ps1 first)"
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}
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$current = @((Get-ItemProperty -Path $key -Name Environment -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Environment | Where-Object { $_ })
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$names = if ($d.ContainsKey('Remove')) { $d.Remove } else { @($d.Set.Keys) }
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$next = @($current | Where-Object { $n = ($_ -split '=', 2)[0]; $names -notcontains $n })
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if (-not $d.ContainsKey('Remove')) { foreach ($k in $d.Set.Keys) { $next += "$k=$($d.Set[$k])" } }
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if ((@($current) -join "`n") -eq (@($next) -join "`n")) { return 'unchanged' }
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Set-ItemProperty -Path $key -Name Environment -Type MultiString -Value ([string[]]$next)
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return 'changed'
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}
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default { throw "unknown plan step '$($Step.Id)'" }
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}
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}
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Export-ModuleMember -Function Get-OtOpcUaServiceSid, Get-OtOpcUaPeCacheSddl, Get-OtOpcUaPeEntriesAce,
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Get-OtOpcUaScriptWorkerFolderAce, Get-OtOpcUaInstallRootDenyAce, Get-ScriptWorkerIsolationPlan,
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Invoke-ScriptWorkerIsolationStep
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