lmxopcua/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Modbus/ModbusDriverProbe.cs

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Core.Abstractions;

namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Modbus;

/// <summary>
///     Modbus FC03 probe for the <see cref="ModbusDriverOptions"/>-shaped driver config.
///     Opens a TCP connection to the configured endpoint and sends a one-shot FC03
///     (Read Holding Registers, qty 1 @ address 0) handshake. A normal FC03 response
///     or a Modbus exception PDU both confirm a live Modbus device (green + latency);
///     TCP failure surfaces the SocketError; a Modbus-level handshake failure after
///     TCP succeeds surfaces a targeted message; timeout surfaces "timed out after Ns."
/// </summary>
public sealed class ModbusDriverProbe : IDriverProbe
{
    private static readonly JsonSerializerOptions _opts = new()
    {
        PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true,
        UnmappedMemberHandling = JsonUnmappedMemberHandling.Skip,
    };

    // FC03 Read Holding Registers: function=0x03, addr-hi=0, addr-lo=0, qty-hi=0, qty-lo=1
    private static readonly byte[] Fc03Pdu = [0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01];

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public string DriverType => "ModbusTcp";

    /// <inheritdoc />
    public async Task<DriverProbeResult> ProbeAsync(string configJson, TimeSpan timeout, CancellationToken ct)
    {
        ModbusDriverOptions? opts;
        try { opts = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<ModbusDriverOptions>(configJson, _opts); }
        catch (Exception ex) { return new(false, $"Config JSON is invalid: {ex.Message}", null); }
        if (opts is null) return new(false, "Config JSON deserialized to null.", null);

        var (host, port) = ExtractTarget(opts);
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(host) || port <= 0)
            return new(false, "Config has no host/port to probe.", null);

        var unitId = opts.UnitId;

        var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
        using var cts = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(ct);
        cts.CancelAfter(timeout);

        // Phase 1 — TCP connect (using ModbusTcpTransport which handles IPv4 preference).
        // autoReconnect=false: this is a one-shot probe, no retry loops.
        var transport = new ModbusTcpTransport(host, port, timeout, autoReconnect: false);
        await using (transport.ConfigureAwait(false))
        {
            try
            {
                await transport.ConnectAsync(cts.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
            }
            catch (SocketException ex)
            {
                return new(false, $"Connect failed: {ex.SocketErrorCode}", null);
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException)
            {
                return new(false, $"Probe timed out after {timeout.TotalSeconds:F0}s.", null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return new(false, ex.Message, null);
            }

            // Phase 2 — FC03 handshake. TCP is up; now prove a Modbus device is answering.
            try
            {
                await transport.SendAsync(unitId, Fc03Pdu, cts.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
                sw.Stop();
                return new(true, "Modbus FC03 OK", sw.Elapsed);
            }
            catch (ModbusException)
            {
                // Device replied with an exception PDU — it IS a real Modbus device.
                sw.Stop();
                return new(true, "Modbus FC03 OK (device returned exception PDU)", sw.Elapsed);
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException)
            {
                return new(false, $"Probe timed out after {timeout.TotalSeconds:F0}s.", null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                sw.Stop();
                return new(false, $"Reachable at {host}:{port} but Modbus FC03 handshake failed: {ex.Message}", null);
            }
        }
    }

    private static (string host, int port) ExtractTarget(ModbusDriverOptions opts)
        => (opts.Host, opts.Port);
}