using System.Globalization;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Grpc.Core;

namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.Gateway;

/// <summary>
///     The HistorianGateway's raw-read row ceiling (<c>Historian:ReadLimits:MaxValuesCeiling</c>, default 1,000,000) as seen
///     from this side of the wire. With <c>AllowStreamingBeyondCeiling=false</c> (a "strict" gateway) the gateway refuses
///     any <c>ReadRaw</c> whose <c>max_values</c> exceeds the ceiling with <c>InvalidArgument</c> — BEFORE it streams a row
///     — and names the ceiling in the refusal (<c>"max_values exceeds the server ceiling of {n}; …"</c>). The gateway has
///     no RPC that reports the ceiling, so the refusal is how it is learned (#691.3).
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
///     A read whose budget the gateway refuses is re-issued ONCE with the ceiling as its budget, and the ceiling is
///     remembered per data source (<see cref="GatewayRowCeiling"/>); the caller treats a stream that delivered the whole
///     ceiling as possibly truncated (never answered from).
/// </remarks>
internal static class GatewayReadLimits
{
    private const string CeilingRejectionText = "max_values exceeds the server ceiling";

    private static readonly Regex CeilingNumber = new(@"max_values exceeds the server ceiling of (\d+)",
        RegexOptions.CultureInvariant | RegexOptions.Compiled);

    /// <summary>
    ///     True when <paramref name="ex"/> (or an inner exception — the client package wraps the <see cref="RpcException"/>)
    ///     is the gateway's <c>InvalidArgument</c> "max_values exceeds the server ceiling" rejection.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ex">The exception.</param>
    /// <returns>Whether it is the ceiling rejection.</returns>
    public static bool IsCeilingRejection(Exception ex) => Rejection(ex) is not null;

    /// <summary>
    ///     The ceiling a ceiling rejection names, or — when <paramref name="ex"/> is a ceiling rejection that does not
    ///     carry a parseable number — the gateway's default (<see cref="RawAggregateReader.GatewayDefaultMaxValuesCeiling"/>).
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ex">The exception.</param>
    /// <param name="ceiling">The ceiling (&gt; 0) when this returns true.</param>
    /// <returns>Whether <paramref name="ex"/> is a ceiling rejection.</returns>
    public static bool TryGetCeiling(Exception ex, out int ceiling)
    {
        ceiling = 0;
        if (Rejection(ex) is not { } rpc) return false;
        var m = CeilingNumber.Match(rpc.Status.Detail);
        ceiling = m.Success && int.TryParse(m.Groups[1].Value, NumberStyles.None, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out var n) && n > 0
            ? n
            : RawAggregateReader.GatewayDefaultMaxValuesCeiling;
        return true;
    }

    private static RpcException? Rejection(Exception ex)
    {
        for (var e = ex; e is not null; e = e.InnerException)
            if (e is RpcException { StatusCode: StatusCode.InvalidArgument } rpc
                && rpc.Status.Detail.Contains(CeilingRejectionText, StringComparison.Ordinal))
                return rpc;
        return null;
    }
}

/// <summary>
///     A strict gateway's row ceiling as learned by ONE data source (#691.3 review): every refused attempt counts as an
///     error in the gateway's own outcome metrics, so the ceiling a refusal names is remembered and later reads ask for at
///     most it — no refusal per read in the steady state. Thread-safe (one <see cref="int"/>, read/written atomically; a
///     race costs at most one extra refusal or re-probe, never a wrong answer).
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
///     <para>
///         <b>Rules.</b> (1) Unknown ceiling: ask for the full budget; a refusal naming <c>N</c> &lt; budget learns <c>N</c> and
///         the read is re-issued once at <c>N</c>. (2) Learned ceiling <c>C</c> below the budget: ask for <c>C</c> — a refusal
///         there (the gateway was LOWERED) re-learns its <c>N</c> as in (1). (3) If that <c>C</c>-bounded read came back
///         full but not provably complete, the gateway may have been RAISED (or switched to streaming) since <c>C</c> was
///         learned, and answering <c>BadTooManyOperations</c> from a stale ceiling would be wrong: the read is re-probed ONCE
///         at the full budget — served ⇒ the ceiling is forgotten; refused naming a larger <c>N</c> ⇒ <c>N</c> is learned and
///         the read is re-issued at <c>N</c>; refused naming <c>C</c> again ⇒ the <c>C</c>-bounded result stands (no repeat).
///     </para>
///     <para>
///         <b>Why no TTL.</b> A raise only matters to a read that needs more than <c>C</c>, and such a read re-probes anyway
///         (rule 3), so a timer would only add refusals for reads that fit. The cost of the rule is one refused re-probe per
///         genuinely over-ceiling read — a read that fails <c>BadTooManyOperations</c> whatever is done.
///     </para>
/// </remarks>
internal sealed class GatewayRowCeiling
{
    private int _learned; // 0 = unknown / not strict

    /// <summary>The learned ceiling (0 = none).</summary>
    public int Learned => Volatile.Read(ref _learned);

    /// <summary>Runs a drained read under the rules above.</summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">The pass result.</typeparam>
    /// <param name="budget">The <c>max_values</c> the read wants.</param>
    /// <param name="pass">One drained read with the given budget.</param>
    /// <param name="needsMore">True when a pass with the given budget delivered it all without proving completeness.</param>
    /// <returns>The result and the budget it was read with.</returns>
    public async Task<(T Result, int Budget)> ReadAsync<T>(int budget, Func<int, Task<T>> pass, Func<T, int, bool> needsMore)
    {
        var learned = Learned;
        if (learned <= 0 || learned >= budget) return await AttemptAsync(budget, pass).ConfigureAwait(false);

        var bounded = await AttemptAsync(learned, pass).ConfigureAwait(false);
        if (bounded.Budget < learned || !needsMore(bounded.Result, bounded.Budget)) return bounded;

        // Rule 3: full at a possibly stale ceiling — re-probe once at the full budget.
        int fresh;
        try
        {
            var full = await pass(budget).ConfigureAwait(false);
            Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _learned, 0, learned);
            return (full, budget);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) when (GatewayReadLimits.TryGetCeiling(ex, out fresh) && fresh < budget)
        {
            // fall through (outside the catch)
        }
        Volatile.Write(ref _learned, fresh);
        return fresh > learned ? (await pass(fresh).ConfigureAwait(false), fresh) : bounded;
    }

    private async Task<(T Result, int Budget)> AttemptAsync<T>(int budget, Func<int, Task<T>> pass)
    {
        int ceiling;
        try
        {
            return (await pass(budget).ConfigureAwait(false), budget);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) when (GatewayReadLimits.TryGetCeiling(ex, out ceiling) && ceiling < budget)
        {
            // fall through to the retry (outside the catch, so a second refusal is not nested in this one)
        }
        Volatile.Write(ref _learned, ceiling);
        return (await pass(ceiling).ConfigureAwait(false), ceiling);
    }
}