diff --git a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Ab.Transport/Cip/CipConnection.cs b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Ab.Transport/Cip/CipConnection.cs
index c9c87752..5004d731 100644
--- a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Ab.Transport/Cip/CipConnection.cs
+++ b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Ab.Transport/Cip/CipConnection.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Ab.Transport.Eip;
 namespace ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Ab.Transport.Cip;
 
@@ -23,9 +24,55 @@ public sealed class CipConnection : ICipChannel, IAsyncDisposable
     /// <summary>Forward Open frames sent by every connection in the process (fallback included). Gate diagnostics.</summary>
     internal static int ForwardOpenCount;
 
+    /// <summary>Forward Close requests put on the wire by every connection in the process. Gate diagnostics.</summary>
+    internal static int ForwardClosesSent;
+
+    /// <summary>Forward Close requests that got a reply within their budget. Gate diagnostics.</summary>
+    internal static int ForwardClosesAcked;
+
     /// <summary>Channel sends by every connection in the process (keep-alives included). Gate diagnostics.</summary>
     internal static int RequestsSent;
 
+    // Round-trip statistics of completed exchanges, process-wide (gate diagnostics: T21 latency attribution).
+    // Two Stopwatch reads and four interlocked ops per request; reset by the harness between timed passes.
+    private static long _exchangeCount;
+    private static long _exchangeTotalTicks;
+    private static long _exchangeMinTicks = long.MaxValue;
+    private static long _exchangeMaxTicks;
+
+    /// <summary>Round-trip statistics of the exchanges completed since the last <see cref="ResetExchangeStats"/>.</summary>
+    internal readonly record struct ExchangeStats(long Count, double MinMs, double MaxMs, double MeanMs);
+
+    /// <summary>Clears the process-wide round-trip statistics. Gate diagnostics.</summary>
+    internal static void ResetExchangeStats()
+    {
+        Interlocked.Exchange(ref _exchangeCount, 0);
+        Interlocked.Exchange(ref _exchangeTotalTicks, 0);
+        Interlocked.Exchange(ref _exchangeMinTicks, long.MaxValue);
+        Interlocked.Exchange(ref _exchangeMaxTicks, 0);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Snapshot of the process-wide round-trip statistics. Gate diagnostics.</summary>
+    internal static ExchangeStats ReadExchangeStats()
+    {
+        var count = Interlocked.Read(ref _exchangeCount);
+        if (count == 0) return new ExchangeStats(0, 0, 0, 0);
+        static double Ms(long ticks) => ticks * 1000.0 / Stopwatch.Frequency;
+        return new ExchangeStats(count, Ms(Interlocked.Read(ref _exchangeMinTicks)), Ms(Interlocked.Read(ref _exchangeMaxTicks)),
+            Ms(Interlocked.Read(ref _exchangeTotalTicks)) / count);
+    }
+
+    private static void RecordExchange(long ticks)
+    {
+        Interlocked.Increment(ref _exchangeCount);
+        Interlocked.Add(ref _exchangeTotalTicks, ticks);
+        long seen;
+        while (ticks < (seen = Interlocked.Read(ref _exchangeMinTicks))
+               && Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _exchangeMinTicks, ticks, seen) != seen) { }
+        while (ticks > (seen = Interlocked.Read(ref _exchangeMaxTicks))
+               && Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _exchangeMaxTicks, ticks, seen) != seen) { }
+    }
+
     /// <summary>Open attempts (TCP connect + RegisterSession + Forward Open, a fallback open included) started by
     /// every connection in the process — counted before any I/O, so a refused attempt counts too. Gate diagnostics.</summary>
     internal static int OpenAttempts;
@@ -246,14 +293,17 @@ public sealed class CipConnection : ICipChannel, IAsyncDisposable
         Interlocked.Exchange(ref _lastSendTimestamp, _time.GetTimestamp());
         using var deadline = new CancellationTokenSource(ExchangeBudget, _time);
         using var linked = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(ct, deadline.Token);
+        var started = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp();
         try
         {
-            return _o.Routing switch
+            var reply = _o.Routing switch
             {
                 CipRouting.Connected => await open.Client.SendUnitDataAsync(open.Conn!.OTConnectionId, cip, _o.Timeout, linked.Token).ConfigureAwait(false),
                 CipRouting.UnconnectedSend => await open.Client.SendRRDataAsync(ConnectionManagerServices.UnconnectedSend(cip.Span, _route), _o.Timeout, linked.Token).ConfigureAwait(false),
                 _ => await open.Client.SendRRDataAsync(cip, _o.Timeout, linked.Token).ConfigureAwait(false),
             };
+            RecordExchange(Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() - started);
+            return reply;
         }
         catch (OperationCanceledException) when (!ct.IsCancellationRequested && deadline.IsCancellationRequested)
         {
@@ -346,9 +396,11 @@ public sealed class CipConnection : ICipChannel, IAsyncDisposable
             {
                 var budget = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);
                 using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(budget, _time);
+                Interlocked.Increment(ref ForwardClosesSent);
                 await open.Client.SendRRDataAsync(
                     ConnectionManagerServices.ForwardClose(open.ConnectionSerial, _o.VendorId, _o.OriginatorSerial, _route),
                     budget, cts.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                Interlocked.Increment(ref ForwardClosesAcked);
             }
             catch (Exception ex) when (ex is AbTransportException or OperationCanceledException)
             {