diff --git a/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.QuestDb.IntegrationTests/TrailMarkerTests.cs b/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.QuestDb.IntegrationTests/TrailMarkerTests.cs
index 745e159b..a985b742 100644
--- a/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.QuestDb.IntegrationTests/TrailMarkerTests.cs
+++ b/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.Historian.QuestDb.IntegrationTests/TrailMarkerTests.cs
@@ -111,6 +111,94 @@ public sealed class TrailMarkerTests(QuestDbFixture fx)
         (await ModifiedAsync(rig, "t")).Count.ShouldBe(3);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     The paged-vs-unpaged fuzz for the reconciled modified read: a random trail (several modifications per source
+    ///     time, a random mix of applied, orphaned and landed-without-marker rows) paged at random caps, forward and
+    ///     reverse, through the cursor, must concatenate to the unpaged read — the window function's partition must never be
+    ///     cut by the resume position — and the unpaged read must equal an independent oracle of the marker rule.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Paged_modified_reads_equal_the_unpaged_read_over_a_random_marker_mix()
+    {
+        fx.SkipIfUnavailable();
+        var rig = UpdateTests.MakeRig(fx);
+        await rig.Tags.Bootstrap.EnsureAsync(Ct);
+        await rig.Tags.EnsureAsync("t", HistorianDataTypes.FromKind(HistorianValueKind.Double), Ct);
+        var rng = new Random(746);
+        var expected = new List<(DateTime Ts, long Id)>();
+        var trailSql = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
+        var sampleSql = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
+        long id = 1_000;
+        var mod0 = new DateTime(2026, 5, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+        for (var t = 0; t < 40; t++)
+        {
+            var ts = T0.AddSeconds(t);
+            var rows = new List<(long Id, bool Pending, DateTime Mod)>();
+            for (var k = rng.Next(1, 5); k > 0; k--) rows.Add((id++, rng.Next(3) == 0, mod0.AddSeconds(id)));
+            // The sample's write time: after every modification (the latest landed), or before the latest (it did not).
+            var latest = rows[^1];
+            var landed = rng.Next(2) == 0;
+            var sampleServer = landed ? latest.Mod.AddSeconds(1) : latest.Mod.AddSeconds(-1);
+            foreach (var r in rows)
+            {
+                var served = !r.Pending || (r.Id == latest.Id && landed);
+                if (served) expected.Add((ts, r.Id));
+                if (trailSql.Length > 0) trailSql.Append(',');
+                trailSql.Append($"('{ts:O}','t',{r.Id},'{r.Mod:O}',1,'p',NULL,1,1.0,NULL,NULL,0,NULL,{(r.Pending ? "true" : "false")})");
+            }
+            if (rng.Next(6) > 0)
+            {
+                if (sampleSql.Length > 0) sampleSql.Append(',');
+                sampleSql.Append($"('{ts:O}','t',1,1.0,NULL,NULL,0,false,'{sampleServer:O}')");
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // No sample at this time at all: only non-pending rows are served.
+                expected.RemoveAll(e => e.Ts == ts && rows.Single(r => r.Id == e.Id).Pending);
+            }
+        }
+        await using (var conn = await rig.Conn.OpenAsync(Ct))
+        {
+            await using (var cmd = rig.Conn.CreateCommand(conn, $"INSERT INTO {rig.Conn.SampleModifiedTable} (ts, tag, modified_id, modification_ts, " +
+                             $"update_type, principal, api_key_id, kind, num_value, int_value, str_value, status, server_ts, pending) VALUES {trailSql}"))
+                await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(Ct);
+            if (sampleSql.Length > 0)
+                await using (var cmd = rig.Conn.CreateCommand(conn, $"INSERT INTO {rig.Conn.SampleTable} (ts, tag, kind, num_value, " +
+                                 $"int_value, str_value, status, deleted, server_ts) VALUES {sampleSql}"))
+                    await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(Ct);
+        }
+        var wal = new QuestDbWalVisibility(rig.Conn, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
+        await wal.WaitAsync(rig.Conn.SampleModifiedTable, Ct);
+        await wal.WaitAsync(rig.Conn.SampleTable, Ct);
+
+        var src = Source(rig);
+        var (lo, hi) = (T0.AddSeconds(-1), T0.AddSeconds(41));
+        foreach (var reverse in new[] { false, true })
+        {
+            var (start, end) = reverse ? (hi, lo) : (lo, hi);
+            var truth = (await src.ReadModifiedAsync("t", start, end, 0, null, Ct)).Values.Select(v => (v.SourceTimeUtc, v.ModifiedId)).ToList();
+            var oracle = reverse ? expected.AsEnumerable().Reverse().ToList() : expected;
+            truth.ShouldBe(oracle, $"unpaged vs the marker oracle (reverse {reverse})");
+            foreach (var cap in new uint[] { 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 13, 50 })
+            {
+                var paged = new List<(DateTime, long)>();
+                HistoryModifiedCursor? cursor = null;
+                for (var page = 0; ; page++)
+                {
+                    page.ShouldBeLessThan(500, "paging must terminate");
+                    var r = await src.ReadModifiedAsync("t", start, end, cap, cursor, Ct);
+                    r.Values.Count.ShouldBeLessThanOrEqualTo((int)cap);
+                    paged.AddRange(r.Values.Select(v => (v.SourceTimeUtc, v.ModifiedId)));
+                    if (!r.HasMore) break;
+                    cursor = new HistoryModifiedCursor(r.Values[^1].SourceTimeUtc, r.Values[^1].ModifiedId);
+                }
+                paged.ShouldBe(truth, $"paged ≠ unpaged at cap {cap} (reverse {reverse})");
+            }
+        }
+        expected.Count.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
+        ((long)expected.Count).ShouldBeLessThan(id - 1_000, "the mix must hide some rows, or the reconciliation is untested");
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task A_pre_marker_trail_table_is_migrated_on_boot_and_its_old_rows_stay_visible()
     {