diff --git a/src/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorder.cs b/src/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorder.cs
index de0f76d0..1af30213 100644
--- a/src/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorder.cs
+++ b/src/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorder.cs
@@ -68,12 +68,15 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorder : ReceiveActor, IWithTimers
     /// <param name="TotalRecorded">Lifetime count of values appended to the outbox.</param>
     /// <param name="DroppedNonNumeric">Lifetime count of values dropped for not being numeric-coercible.</param>
     /// <param name="OutboxDropped">Lifetime count of entries the outbox dropped on capacity overflow.</param>
+    /// <param name="OutboxAppendFailures">Lifetime count of durable-boundary append failures (the value
+    /// was dropped, not recorded, and the actor stayed alive rather than restart-looping).</param>
     /// <param name="LastDrainSucceeded">Whether the most recent drain pass acked cleanly.</param>
     public sealed record RecorderStatus(
         int QueuedDepth,
         long TotalRecorded,
         long DroppedNonNumeric,
         long OutboxDropped,
+        long OutboxAppendFailures,
         bool LastDrainSucceeded);
 
     private readonly IActorRef _dependencyMux;
@@ -93,6 +96,7 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorder : ReceiveActor, IWithTimers
     private DateTime _nextAllowedDrainUtc = DateTime.MinValue;
     private long _totalRecorded;
     private long _droppedNonNumeric;
+    private long _outboxAppendFailures;
     private bool _lastDrainSucceeded = true;
 
     /// <summary>Gets or sets the timer scheduler (set by Akka via <see cref="IWithTimers"/>).</summary>
@@ -153,7 +157,14 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorder : ReceiveActor, IWithTimers
         ReceiveAsync<VirtualTagActor.DependencyValueChanged>(OnValueChangedAsync);
         Receive<DrainTick>(_ => OnDrainTick());
         Receive<DrainResult>(OnDrainResult);
-        ReceiveAsync<GetStatus>(async _ => Sender.Tell(await BuildStatusAsync().ConfigureAwait(false)));
+        ReceiveAsync<GetStatus>(async _ =>
+        {
+            // Capture Sender before the await: although Akka restores the actor context across awaits,
+            // capturing first is the robust idiom (Sender after an await is brittle).
+            IActorRef replyTo = Sender;
+            RecorderStatus status = await BuildStatusAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
+            replyTo.Tell(status);
+        });
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
@@ -169,6 +180,9 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorder : ReceiveActor, IWithTimers
     /// <inheritdoc />
     protected override void PostStop()
     {
+        // Drop our mux interest eagerly (mirrors VirtualTagActor.PostStop) so the mux stops fanning to
+        // us immediately, closing the dead-letter window between this stop and the mux's Terminated.
+        _dependencyMux.Tell(new DependencyMuxActor.UnregisterInterest(Self));
         _lifetime.Cancel();
         _lifetime.Dispose();
         base.PostStop();
@@ -200,7 +214,28 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorder : ReceiveActor, IWithTimers
 
         // Durable boundary: append (awaited so appends stay serialized) BEFORE the value is considered
         // captured. The outbox drops the oldest entry on capacity overflow and tracks DroppedCount.
-        await _outbox.AppendAsync(entry, _lifetime.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        try
+        {
+            await _outbox.AppendAsync(entry, _lifetime.Token).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        }
+        catch (OperationCanceledException) when (_lifetime.IsCancellationRequested)
+        {
+            // Normal shutdown raced the append — not a fault. Drop quietly.
+            return;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            // A durable-boundary failure (e.g. a PerEntry fsync hitting disk-full / I/O error) must NEVER
+            // propagate out of the handler — that would trip Akka supervision into a restart, and under a
+            // persistent disk fault the actor would restart-loop (re-register → next value → append fails
+            // → restart → …). Mirror the drain path's catch-all: meter the failure (category only, no
+            // value content), drop this value, and stay alive. Do NOT record it or nudge the drain.
+            _outboxAppendFailures++;
+            _log.Warning("ContinuousHistorization: outbox append failed ({Exception}); value dropped.",
+                ex.GetType().Name);
+            return;
+        }
+
         _totalRecorded++;
 
         // Nudge a prompt drain attempt; the DrainTick handler de-dups (already draining) and honours
@@ -326,6 +361,7 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorder : ReceiveActor, IWithTimers
             _totalRecorded,
             _droppedNonNumeric,
             _outbox.DroppedCount,
+            _outboxAppendFailures,
             _lastDrainSucceeded);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime.Tests/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests.cs b/tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime.Tests/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests.cs
index 42ee87fe..f01d4053 100644
--- a/tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime.Tests/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests.cs
+++ b/tests/Server/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Runtime.Tests/Historian/ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests.cs
@@ -66,8 +66,40 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests : TestKit
 
         rec.Tell(new VirtualTagActor.DependencyValueChanged("Pump1.Temp", 7.0, DateTime.UtcNow));
 
+        // Prove the drain actually RAN, not just that the append happened: assert the writer was
+        // invoked (the fake records every value, even on Succeed=false) AND that the outbox stayed at 1
+        // (RemoveAsync was NOT called, so the un-acked entry is retained for retry). Count==1 alone is
+        // true the instant the append lands and would not catch a silently-broken drain.
         await AwaitAssertAsync(async () =>
-            Assert.Equal(1, await outbox.CountAsync(default)));   // not acked -> retained for retry
+        {
+            Assert.Contains(writer.Snapshot(), w => w.Tag == "Pump1.Temp" && w.Value == 7.0);
+            Assert.Equal(1, await outbox.CountAsync(default));
+        });
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Retry_after_writer_failure_eventually_acks()
+    {
+        var mux = CreateTestProbe();
+        // First drain fails, the next succeeds — exercises the retry → success → ack path.
+        var writer = new FakeValueWriter { Succeed = true, FailFirstN = 1 };
+        var outbox = new InMemoryOutbox();
+
+        // Short backoff so the retry fires promptly; the assert below is still time-bounded and
+        // deterministic (AwaitAssert polls — no Thread.Sleep).
+        var rec = Sys.ActorOf(ContinuousHistorizationRecorder.Props(
+            mux.Ref, writer, outbox, new[] { "Pump1.Temp" },
+            minBackoff: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50),
+            maxBackoff: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200)));
+
+        rec.Tell(new VirtualTagActor.DependencyValueChanged("Pump1.Temp", 13.0, DateTime.UtcNow));
+
+        // The first drain returns false (entry retained); after the backoff the retry drain succeeds
+        // and acks, truncating the outbox to 0.
+        await AwaitAssertAsync(async () =>
+            Assert.Equal(0, await outbox.CountAsync(default)), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
+
+        Assert.True(writer.CallCount >= 2, "the writer must have been called at least twice (a retry happened)");
     }
 
     [Fact]
@@ -99,9 +131,27 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests : TestKit
     {
         private readonly Lock _gate = new();
         private readonly List<WrittenValue> _written = new();
+        private int _calls;
 
         public bool Succeed { get; init; } = true;
 
+        /// <summary>When &gt; 0, the first N calls fail (return false) regardless of <see cref="Succeed"/>;
+        /// later calls use <see cref="Succeed"/>. Lets a test prove the retry → success → ack path while
+        /// leaving the plain <see cref="Succeed"/> behaviour (FailFirstN==0) untouched.</summary>
+        public int FailFirstN { get; init; }
+
+        /// <summary>Lifetime count of <see cref="WriteLiveValuesAsync"/> invocations (proves a retry ran).</summary>
+        public int CallCount
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                lock (_gate)
+                {
+                    return _calls;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         public IReadOnlyList<WrittenValue> Snapshot()
         {
             lock (_gate)
@@ -115,13 +165,16 @@ public sealed class ContinuousHistorizationRecorderTests : TestKit
         {
             lock (_gate)
             {
+                _calls++;
                 foreach (HistorizationValue v in values)
                 {
                     _written.Add(new WrittenValue(tag, v.Value, v.Quality, v.TimestampUtc));
                 }
-            }
 
-            return Task.FromResult(Succeed);
+                // Fail the first FailFirstN calls; thereafter honour Succeed.
+                bool result = _calls > FailFirstN && Succeed;
+                return Task.FromResult(result);
+            }
         }
     }