diff --git a/docs/DriverLifecycle.md b/docs/DriverLifecycle.md
index 8382f48d..41cc3b71 100644
--- a/docs/DriverLifecycle.md
+++ b/docs/DriverLifecycle.md
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ the previous state's probe / recycle / fixed-tree loops and its client. FOCAS, A
 OpcUaClient now cancel, bounded-join (5 s) and dispose that state at the top of `InitializeAsync`
 (`ReleaseDeviceStatesAsync` / `ReleaseConnectionAsync` / `ReleaseSessionAsync`), alongside Modbus and MQTT.
 It is deliberately the device-state half of `ShutdownAsync` only: the poll engine and subscriptions are *not*
-dropped, because nothing would re-drive them. A new driver must do the same.
+dropped: the release is scoped to device state so it cannot take state the shutdown path owns. The actor re-subscribes values and alarms after every successful init, so driver-side subscriptions kept across a no-teardown re-init are retained leftovers, not needed for data flow. A new driver must do the same.
 
 #### The fan-out that watchdog triggers: indexed per driver, and one batch
 
diff --git a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip/AbCipDriver.cs b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip/AbCipDriver.cs
index e55a3576..f621240d 100644
--- a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip/AbCipDriver.cs
+++ b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip/AbCipDriver.cs
@@ -471,7 +471,9 @@ public sealed class AbCipDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery,
     /// </summary>
     private async Task ReleaseDeviceStatesAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {
-        if (_devices.Count == 0) return;
+        // The projection is replaced (not reused) when a config body is adopted; dispose the old one so its
+        // poll loop does not outlive it and raise duplicate alarm events through this driver.
+        await _alarmProjection.DisposeAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
         foreach (var state in _devices.Values)
         {
             try { state.ProbeCts?.Cancel(); } catch (ObjectDisposedException) { }
@@ -480,7 +482,9 @@ public sealed class AbCipDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery,
         {
             var probeTask = state.ProbeTask;
             if (probeTask is null) continue;
-            try { await probeTask.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false); }
+            // Own bounded timeout, independent of the caller token: cancelling init must not abort the join
+            // and dispose handles under a probe loop that is still running.
+            try { await probeTask.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)).ConfigureAwait(false); }
             catch (TimeoutException) { }
             catch (OperationCanceledException) { }
         }
@@ -493,6 +497,9 @@ public sealed class AbCipDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery,
         }
         _devices.Clear();
         _devicesByRoutingKey.Clear();
+        // Rebuilt wholesale by Initialize; stale entries would trip its member fan-out collision check.
+        _tagsByRawPath.Clear();
+        _declaredTags.Clear();
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
diff --git a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs
index 0ef75617..e23eb5d1 100644
--- a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs
+++ b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover
         // #630: InitializeAsync can run on a live driver (DriverInstanceActor.AdoptConfigDuringInit calls it
         // without a teardown first). Release the previous device states' probe loops + runtimes BEFORE the
         // overwrite below, or they are orphaned beyond the reach of ShutdownAsync. Deliberately NOT
-        // ShutdownAsync: that also drops _poll and every subscription, which nothing would re-drive.
+        // ShutdownAsync: that also drops _poll and every subscription, which are owned by the shutdown path (the actor re-subscribes after every successful init).
         await ReleaseDeviceStatesAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
         _health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Initializing, null, null);
         _logger.LogInformation(
diff --git a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.FOCAS/FocasDriver.cs b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.FOCAS/FocasDriver.cs
index bf35b356..7152be71 100644
--- a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.FOCAS/FocasDriver.cs
+++ b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.FOCAS/FocasDriver.cs
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public sealed class FocasDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscovery,
     {
         // #630: release the previous device states' loops + clients BEFORE they are overwritten (the actor's
         // AdoptConfigDuringInit calls this without a teardown first). Not ShutdownAsync: that also drops _poll
-        // and subscriptions, which nothing would re-drive.
+        // and subscriptions, which are owned by the shutdown path (the actor re-subscribes after every successful init).
         await ReleaseDeviceStatesAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
         Volatile.Write(ref _health, new DriverHealth(DriverState.Initializing, null, null));
         try
diff --git a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7/S7Driver.cs b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7/S7Driver.cs
index 8dec593b..adda1429 100644
--- a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7/S7Driver.cs
+++ b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.S7/S7Driver.cs
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ public sealed class S7Driver
         // #630: InitializeAsync is reachable on a live driver (DriverInstanceActor.AdoptConfigDuringInit
         // runs it with no teardown first). Stop the previous probe loop and drop the previous connection
         // before they are overwritten below. Deliberately NOT ShutdownAsync: that also drops _poll and the
-        // subscriptions, which nothing would re-drive.
+        // subscriptions, which are owned by the shutdown path (the actor re-subscribes after every successful init).
         await ReleaseConnectionAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
         Health = new DriverHealth(DriverState.Initializing, null, null);
         try
@@ -395,10 +395,22 @@ public sealed class S7Driver
         _probeCts = null;
         _probeTask = null;
 
-        _initialized = false;
-        _plcDead = false;
-        try { Plc?.Dispose(); } catch { /* best-effort — tearing down anyway */ }
-        Plc = null;
+        // Swap the connection out under _gate so a Read/Write/poll pass that already holds the gate (they
+        // re-read Plc inside it) can never see a disposed Plc mid-swap. Bounded: a wedged holder must not hang
+        // teardown, in which case we proceed exactly as the un-gated path always did.
+        var gated = false;
+        try { gated = await _gate.WaitAsync(DrainTimeout).ConfigureAwait(false); } catch { }
+        try
+        {
+            _initialized = false;
+            _plcDead = false;
+            try { Plc?.Dispose(); } catch { /* best-effort — tearing down anyway */ }
+            Plc = null;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (gated) { try { _gate.Release(); } catch (ObjectDisposedException) { } }
+        }
     }
 
     /// <inheritdoc />
diff --git a/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip.Tests/AbCipAlarmProjectionTests.cs b/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip.Tests/AbCipAlarmProjectionTests.cs
index 8542a977..808b3043 100644
--- a/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip.Tests/AbCipAlarmProjectionTests.cs
+++ b/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbCip.Tests/AbCipAlarmProjectionTests.cs
@@ -229,6 +229,33 @@ public sealed class AbCipAlarmProjectionTests
     }
 
     /// <summary>Waits for <paramref name="more"/> further reads of the fake runtime (a processed-count wait).</summary>
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     #630 — a re-Initialize on a live driver must dispose the alarm projection's poll loop rather
+    ///     than leave it running (it would keep raising duplicate alarm events through this driver).
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Reinitialize_Stops_The_Previous_Projection_Poll_Loop()
+    {
+        var factory = new FakeAbCipTagFactory();
+        var drv = new AbCipDriver(Options(enabled: true), "drv-1", factory);
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+        await drv.SubscribeAlarmsAsync(["HighTemp"], CancellationToken.None);
+
+        await WaitForTagCreation(factory, "HighTemp");
+        var tag = factory.Tags["HighTemp"];
+        // Positive control: the loop is demonstrably polling before the re-init.
+        await WaitForMoreReadsAsync(factory, "HighTemp", 3);
+
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+
+        int Reads() => factory.Tags.Values.Sum(t => t.ReadCount); // the loop may re-create its runtime on the new device state
+        var frozen = Reads();
+        await Task.Delay(300); // ~15 poll intervals; a live loop would advance the count
+        Reads().ShouldBe(frozen);
+
+        await drv.ShutdownAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+    }
+
     private static async Task WaitForMoreReadsAsync(FakeAbCipTagFactory factory, string tagName, int more)
     {
         var tag = factory.Tags[tagName];