diff --git a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs
index 430fbedb..0c3e3c3a 100644
--- a/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs
+++ b/src/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy/AbLegacyDriver.cs
@@ -928,6 +928,15 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyDriver : IDriver, IReadable, IWritable, ITagDiscover
             Runtimes.Clear();
             foreach (var r in ParentRuntimes.Values) r.Dispose();
             ParentRuntimes.Clear();
+            // Dispose + clear the per-parent RMW gates and the per-runtime/creation locks so
+            // ReinitializeAsync cycles don't orphan their SemaphoreSlim instances (each leaks a
+            // wait handle once contended).
+            foreach (var sem in _rmwLocks.Values) sem.Dispose();
+            _rmwLocks.Clear();
+            foreach (var sem in _creationLocks.Values) sem.Dispose();
+            _creationLocks.Clear();
+            foreach (var sem in _runtimeLocks.Values) sem.Dispose();
+            _runtimeLocks.Clear();
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy.Tests/AbLegacyBitRmwTests.cs b/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy.Tests/AbLegacyBitRmwTests.cs
index f5a196c3..f9941642 100644
--- a/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy.Tests/AbLegacyBitRmwTests.cs
+++ b/tests/Drivers/ZB.MOM.WW.OtOpcUa.Driver.AbLegacy.Tests/AbLegacyBitRmwTests.cs
@@ -178,6 +178,49 @@ public sealed class AbLegacyBitRmwTests
         Convert.ToInt32(factory.Tags["B3:0"].Value).ShouldBe(0xFF);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    ///     Verifies that disposing (teardown) and re-initializing the driver does not orphan the
+    ///     per-parent RMW-lock semaphores from the previous session. A bit write after the
+    ///     reinit cycle must succeed, proving that <see cref="DeviceState.DisposeRuntimes"/> clears
+    ///     the lock map so fresh semaphores are created for the new session rather than re-using
+    ///     (already-disposed) handles from the old one.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task RMW_locks_are_disposed_and_fresh_after_driver_reinitialise()
+    {
+        var factory = new FakeAbLegacyTagFactory
+        {
+            Customise = p => new FakeAbLegacyTag(p) { Value = (short)0 },
+        };
+        var opts = new AbLegacyDriverOptions
+        {
+            Devices = [new AbLegacyDeviceOptions("ab://10.0.0.5/1,0")],
+            Tags = [new AbLegacyTagDefinition("Bit2", "ab://10.0.0.5/1,0", "N7:0/2", AbLegacyDataType.Bit)],
+            Probe = new AbLegacyProbeOptions { Enabled = false },
+        };
+
+        // First session: init + bit write — seeds an RMW lock entry for "N7:0".
+        var drv = new AbLegacyDriver(opts, "drv-1", factory);
+        await drv.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+        var firstResult = await drv.WriteAsync([new WriteRequest("Bit2", true)], CancellationToken.None);
+        firstResult.Single().StatusCode.ShouldBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+
+        // Teardown — DisposeRuntimes must dispose + clear the RMW lock map.
+        await drv.DisposeAsync();
+
+        // Second session: re-init on a fresh driver instance (mirrors ReinitializeAsync behavior).
+        factory.Tags.Clear();
+        var drv2 = new AbLegacyDriver(opts, "drv-1", factory);
+        await drv2.InitializeAsync("{}", CancellationToken.None);
+        var secondResult = await drv2.WriteAsync([new WriteRequest("Bit2", false)], CancellationToken.None);
+
+        // Must succeed — a disposed/orphaned semaphore would throw ObjectDisposedException.
+        secondResult.Single().StatusCode.ShouldBe(AbLegacyStatusMapper.Good);
+        Convert.ToInt32(factory.Tags["N7:0"].Value).ShouldBe(0);
+
+        await drv2.DisposeAsync();
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     ///     A non-zero libplctag status returned by the parent-word write is surfaced as a non-Good
     ///     OPC UA StatusCode — the PCCC device rejection propagates to the caller.