diff --git a/PLANS/2026-01-06-search-criteria-extraction-design.md b/PLANS/2026-01-06-search-criteria-extraction-design.md
index 95b2ca8..fb294d5 100644
--- a/PLANS/2026-01-06-search-criteria-extraction-design.md
+++ b/PLANS/2026-01-06-search-criteria-extraction-design.md
@@ -16,7 +16,19 @@ Create SQL Server functions to extract values from the `Search.Criteria` JSON co
 
 ### SQL Server Version
 - **Target:** SQL Server 2022
-- **JSON Functions:** `OPENJSON()`, `JSON_VALUE()`, `ISJSON()`
+- **JSON Functions:** `OPENJSON()`, `JSON_VALUE()`, `ISJSON()`, `TRY_CONVERT()`
+
+### Design Decision: Inline TVFs + Stored Procedure Validation
+
+**Codex Review Findings:**
+1. **THROW cannot be used in UDFs** - SQL Server restriction applies to all function types
+2. **Multi-statement TVFs have poor performance** - Table variables lack statistics, causing bad cardinality estimates
+3. **Inline TVFs are optimal** - Can be inlined into query plans with proper optimization
+
+**Chosen Pattern:**
+- **Inline TVFs** for extraction (performance-critical, used in query builder)
+- **Validation stored procedure** for error handling when needed
+- **C# validates search exists** before calling query builder (defense in depth)
 
 ### Function Types
 
@@ -27,7 +39,7 @@ Create SQL Server functions to extract values from the `Search.Criteria` JSON co
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchMaximumDt` | `DATETIME2(7)` | `$.MaximumDt` |
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchExtractMisData` | `BIT` | `$.ExtractMisData` |
 
-**Simple Table Functions (5):**
+**Simple Table Functions (5) - Inline TVFs:**
 | Function | Returns | JSON Path |
 |----------|---------|-----------|
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchWorkOrders` | `TABLE(WorkOrderNumber BIGINT)` | `$.WorkOrderNumbers` |
@@ -36,15 +48,31 @@ Create SQL Server functions to extract values from the `Search.Criteria` JSON co
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchWorkCenters` | `TABLE(Code VARCHAR(12))` | `$.WorkCenters` |
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchOperatorIDs` | `TABLE(OperatorID VARCHAR(128))` | `$.OperatorIDs` |
 
-**Complex Table Functions (2):**
+**Complex Table Functions (2) - Inline TVFs with OPENJSON...WITH:**
 | Function | Returns | JSON Path |
 |----------|---------|-----------|
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchComponentLots` | `TABLE(LotNumber VARCHAR(30), ItemNumber VARCHAR(128))` | `$.ComponentLotNumbers[*]` |
 | `dbo.fn_GetSearchPartOperations` | `TABLE(ItemNumber VARCHAR(128), OperationNumber VARCHAR(10), MisNumber VARCHAR(10), MisRevision VARCHAR(10))` | `$.PartOperations[*]` |
 
-### Error Handling
+**Validation Stored Procedure (1):**
+| Procedure | Purpose |
+|-----------|---------|
+| `dbo.usp_ValidateSearchCriteria` | Validates search exists and has valid JSON, throws errors |
 
-All functions validate inputs and throw errors for invalid conditions:
+### Error Handling Strategy
+
+**Two-tier approach:**
+
+1. **Inline TVFs (graceful):** Return empty results for all edge cases
+   - Search not found → empty
+   - Criteria NULL/empty → empty
+   - Invalid JSON → empty (ISJSON guard)
+   - Property missing → empty
+   - Bad data types → filtered out (TRY_CONVERT)
+
+2. **Validation Procedure (strict):** Throws errors for invalid conditions
+   - Used when explicit validation needed
+   - Called before query execution if strict mode required
 
 | Error Code | Condition | Message Pattern |
 |------------|-----------|-----------------|
@@ -52,55 +80,100 @@ All functions validate inputs and throw errors for invalid conditions:
 | 50002 | Criteria is NULL or empty | `Search ID {id} has no criteria` |
 | 50003 | Criteria is invalid JSON | `Search ID {id} has invalid JSON` |
 
-**Normal empty results (no error):**
-- JSON valid but property missing
-- JSON valid, property is `[]` or `null`
-
-### Multi-Statement TVF Pattern
-
-Table functions use multi-statement TVFs for proper error handling:
+### Inline TVF Pattern (Simple Arrays)
 
 ```sql
 CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_GetSearchWorkOrders(@SearchId INT)
-RETURNS @Results TABLE (WorkOrderNumber BIGINT NOT NULL)
+RETURNS TABLE
+AS
+RETURN
+(
+    SELECT TRY_CONVERT(BIGINT, j.[value]) AS WorkOrderNumber
+    FROM dbo.Search s
+    CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(s.Criteria, '$.WorkOrderNumbers') j
+    WHERE s.ID = @SearchId
+      AND s.Criteria IS NOT NULL
+      AND ISJSON(s.Criteria) = 1
+      AND TRY_CONVERT(BIGINT, j.[value]) IS NOT NULL
+);
+GO
+```
+
+### Inline TVF Pattern (Complex Objects with OPENJSON...WITH)
+
+```sql
+CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_GetSearchComponentLots(@SearchId INT)
+RETURNS TABLE
+AS
+RETURN
+(
+    SELECT j.LotNumber, j.ItemNumber
+    FROM dbo.Search s
+    CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(s.Criteria, '$.ComponentLotNumbers')
+        WITH (
+            LotNumber VARCHAR(30) '$.LotNumber',
+            ItemNumber VARCHAR(128) '$.ItemNumber'
+        ) j
+    WHERE s.ID = @SearchId
+      AND s.Criteria IS NOT NULL
+      AND ISJSON(s.Criteria) = 1
+);
+GO
+```
+
+### Scalar Function Pattern
+
+```sql
+CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_GetSearchMinimumDt(@SearchId INT)
+RETURNS DATETIME2(7)
 AS
 BEGIN
+    DECLARE @Result DATETIME2(7);
+
+    SELECT @Result = TRY_CONVERT(DATETIME2(7), JSON_VALUE(s.Criteria, '$.MinimumDt'))
+    FROM dbo.Search s
+    WHERE s.ID = @SearchId
+      AND s.Criteria IS NOT NULL
+      AND ISJSON(s.Criteria) = 1;
+
+    RETURN @Result;
+END
+GO
+```
+
+### Validation Stored Procedure
+
+```sql
+CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.usp_ValidateSearchCriteria(@SearchId INT)
+AS
+BEGIN
+    SET NOCOUNT ON;
     DECLARE @Criteria VARCHAR(MAX);
     DECLARE @ErrorMsg NVARCHAR(400);
 
-    -- Get criteria
     SELECT @Criteria = Criteria
     FROM dbo.Search
     WHERE ID = @SearchId;
 
-    -- Validate search exists
     IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0
     BEGIN
         SET @ErrorMsg = CONCAT('Search ID ', @SearchId, ' not found');
         THROW 50001, @ErrorMsg, 1;
     END
 
-    -- Validate criteria not null/empty
     IF @Criteria IS NULL OR @Criteria = ''
     BEGIN
         SET @ErrorMsg = CONCAT('Search ID ', @SearchId, ' has no criteria');
         THROW 50002, @ErrorMsg, 1;
     END
 
-    -- Validate JSON
     IF ISJSON(@Criteria) = 0
     BEGIN
         SET @ErrorMsg = CONCAT('Search ID ', @SearchId, ' has invalid JSON');
         THROW 50003, @ErrorMsg, 1;
     END
-
-    -- Extract values (returns empty if property missing/null/empty array)
-    INSERT INTO @Results (WorkOrderNumber)
-    SELECT CAST(value AS BIGINT)
-    FROM OPENJSON(@Criteria, '$.WorkOrderNumbers');
-
-    RETURN;
 END
+GO
 ```
 
 ## Migration Scripts
@@ -108,21 +181,24 @@ END
 ### New Scripts
 
 **045_CreateScalarExtractionFunctions.sql**
-- `fn_GetSearchMinimumDt`
-- `fn_GetSearchMaximumDt`
-- `fn_GetSearchExtractMisData`
+- `fn_GetSearchMinimumDt` (scalar)
+- `fn_GetSearchMaximumDt` (scalar)
+- `fn_GetSearchExtractMisData` (scalar)
 
-**046_CreateSimpleTableFunctions.sql**
+**046_CreateSimpleTableFunctions.sql** (inline TVFs)
 - `fn_GetSearchWorkOrders`
 - `fn_GetSearchItemNumbers`
 - `fn_GetSearchProfitCenters`
 - `fn_GetSearchWorkCenters`
 - `fn_GetSearchOperatorIDs`
 
-**047_CreateComplexTableFunctions.sql**
+**047_CreateComplexTableFunctions.sql** (inline TVFs with OPENJSON...WITH)
 - `fn_GetSearchComponentLots`
 - `fn_GetSearchPartOperations`
 
+**048_CreateValidateSearchCriteriaProcedure.sql**
+- `usp_ValidateSearchCriteria` (stored procedure with THROW)
+
 ### Scripts to Delete
 
 Remove obsolete Table Type scripts:
@@ -184,13 +260,34 @@ tests/JdeScoping.Database.Tests/
 │   ├── ScalarFunctionTests.cs
 │   ├── SimpleTableFunctionTests.cs
 │   └── ComplexTableFunctionTests.cs
+└── Procedures/
+    └── ValidateSearchCriteriaProcedureTests.cs
 ```
 
 ### Test Categories
 
-**Happy Path:** Valid JSON, correct extraction, empty arrays
-**Error Tests:** Non-existent SearchId, NULL criteria, invalid JSON
-**Edge Cases:** Large arrays, special characters, NULL values in arrays, Unicode
+**Inline TVF Tests (graceful behavior):**
+- Valid JSON → correct extraction
+- Empty array → empty result
+- Missing property → empty result
+- Search not found → empty result
+- NULL criteria → empty result
+- Invalid JSON → empty result
+- Bad data types → filtered out (TRY_CONVERT)
+
+**Validation Procedure Tests (strict behavior):**
+- Valid search → no error, completes successfully
+- Search not found → throws error 50001
+- NULL criteria → throws error 50002
+- Empty criteria → throws error 50002
+- Invalid JSON → throws error 50003
+
+**Edge Cases:**
+- Large arrays (1000+ items)
+- Special characters in string values
+- NULL values within arrays
+- Unicode characters
+- Nested JSON objects
 
 ### Test Infrastructure
 
@@ -210,48 +307,51 @@ Share with `Api.IntegrationTests` via `TestWebApplicationFactory` pattern.
 
 ## Implementation Order
 
-### Phase 1: SQL Functions
-1. Create `045_CreateScalarExtractionFunctions.sql`
-2. Create `046_CreateSimpleTableFunctions.sql`
-3. Create `047_CreateComplexTableFunctions.sql`
-4. Delete obsolete Table Type scripts (033-039)
-5. Renumber remaining scripts (040-044 → 033-037)
+### Phase 1: SQL Functions & Procedure
+1. Create `045_CreateScalarExtractionFunctions.sql` (3 scalar functions)
+2. Create `046_CreateSimpleTableFunctions.sql` (5 inline TVFs)
+3. Create `047_CreateComplexTableFunctions.sql` (2 inline TVFs with OPENJSON...WITH)
+4. Create `048_CreateValidateSearchCriteriaProcedure.sql` (validation procedure)
+5. Delete obsolete Table Type scripts (033-039)
+6. Renumber remaining scripts (040-044 → 033-037)
 
 ### Phase 2: Database Tests
-6. Set up `DatabaseTestBase.cs`
-7. Write `ScalarFunctionTests.cs`
-8. Write `SimpleTableFunctionTests.cs`
-9. Write `ComplexTableFunctionTests.cs`
-10. Verify all tests pass
+7. Set up `DatabaseTestBase.cs`
+8. Write `ScalarFunctionTests.cs`
+9. Write `SimpleTableFunctionTests.cs`
+10. Write `ComplexTableFunctionTests.cs`
+11. Write `ValidateSearchCriteriaProcedureTests.cs`
+12. Verify all tests pass
 
 ### Phase 3: C# Refactor
-11. Update `ISearchQueryBuilder` interface
-12. Update `SqlKataSearchQueryBuilder`
-13. Update `SearchProcessor`
-14. Simplify `SearchModel`
-15. Delete `TableValuedParameterExtensions.cs`
-16. Delete `FilterEntries/*.cs`
-17. Update/delete related tests
+13. Update `ISearchQueryBuilder` interface
+14. Update `SqlKataSearchQueryBuilder`
+15. Update `SearchProcessor`
+16. Simplify `SearchModel`
+17. Delete `TableValuedParameterExtensions.cs`
+18. Delete `FilterEntries/*.cs`
+19. Update/delete related tests
 
 ### Phase 4: Integration & Verification
-18. Run full test suite
-19. Fix broken tests
-20. Manual end-to-end verification
+20. Run full test suite
+21. Fix broken tests
+22. Manual end-to-end verification
 
 ### Phase 5: Documentation
-21. Update OpenSpec specifications
-22. Update architecture documentation
-23. Add Database.Tests documentation
-24. Create ExtractionFunctions.md reference
+23. Update OpenSpec specifications
+24. Update architecture documentation
+25. Add Database.Tests documentation
+26. Create ExtractionFunctions.md reference
 
 ## Acceptance Criteria
 
-- [ ] All 11 SQL functions created and working
-- [ ] Error codes 50001/50002/50003 thrown for invalid inputs
-- [ ] Empty results returned for missing/null/empty properties
-- [ ] Table Type scripts removed
-- [ ] C# TVP code removed
+- [ ] All 11 SQL inline TVFs/scalar functions created and working
+- [ ] Validation stored procedure created with THROW for errors
+- [ ] Inline TVFs return empty results for all edge cases (graceful)
+- [ ] Validation procedure throws 50001/50002/50003 for invalid inputs (strict)
+- [ ] Table Type scripts (033-039) removed
+- [ ] C# TVP code removed (TableValuedParameterExtensions, FilterEntries)
 - [ ] Query builder uses SearchId parameter only
-- [ ] Database.Tests passing (all categories)
+- [ ] Database.Tests passing (functions + procedure)
 - [ ] Existing integration tests passing
 - [ ] Documentation updated