using System.Collections.Immutable;
using Akka.Actor;
using Akka.Cluster;
using Akka.Cluster.Tools.Client;
using Akka.Cluster.Tools.Singleton;
using Akka.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.ClusterInfrastructure;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Communication;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Communication.Actors;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Host.Actors;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteRuntime;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteRuntime.Actors;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteRuntime.Messages;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteRuntime.Persistence;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteRuntime.Scripts;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteRuntime.Streaming;
using ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.StoreAndForward;

namespace ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Host.Actors;

/// <summary>
/// Hosted service that manages the Akka.NET actor system lifecycle.
/// Creates the actor system on start, registers actors, and triggers
/// CoordinatedShutdown on stop.
///
/// WP-3: Transport heartbeat is explicitly configured in HOCON from CommunicationOptions.
/// </summary>
public class AkkaHostedService : IHostedService
{
    private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
    private readonly NodeOptions _nodeOptions;
    private readonly ClusterOptions _clusterOptions;
    private readonly CommunicationOptions _communicationOptions;
    private readonly ILogger<AkkaHostedService> _logger;
    private ActorSystem? _actorSystem;
    /// <summary>
    /// Auxiliary IDisposables (e.g. the SiteAuditTelemetryStalledTracker)
    /// that this hosted service constructs at start time and must tear down
    /// on shutdown — they don't fit the ActorSystem lifecycle but share its
    /// process scope.
    /// </summary>
    private readonly List<IDisposable> _trackedDisposables = new();

    /// <summary>
    /// NotificationService-020 guard: sentinel that flips to <c>true</c> the
    /// first time a Notification-category S&amp;F delivery handler is registered
    /// on this hosted service instance. <see cref="StoreAndForwardService.RegisterDeliveryHandler"/>
    /// is last-write-wins on category, so a future code change that introduces
    /// a second registration path (e.g. a role-branch + helper that both call
    /// the registration) would silently overwrite the canonical
    /// <c>NotificationForwarder</c> handler with whatever the loser registers —
    /// the prior NS-001 fix did exactly this, and was silently superseded
    /// when the central-only redesign moved delivery to <c>NotificationOutbox</c>.
    /// This sentinel makes the duplicate noisy at startup so a maintainer
    /// re-introducing the second path sees it immediately.
    /// </summary>
    private bool _notificationDeliveryHandlerRegistered;

    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="AkkaHostedService"/> class.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="serviceProvider">The service provider for accessing dependencies.</param>
    /// <param name="nodeOptions">The node configuration options.</param>
    /// <param name="clusterOptions">The cluster configuration options.</param>
    /// <param name="communicationOptions">The communication configuration options.</param>
    /// <param name="logger">The logger instance.</param>
    public AkkaHostedService(
        IServiceProvider serviceProvider,
        IOptions<NodeOptions> nodeOptions,
        IOptions<ClusterOptions> clusterOptions,
        IOptions<CommunicationOptions> communicationOptions,
        ILogger<AkkaHostedService> logger)
    {
        _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
        _nodeOptions = nodeOptions.Value;
        _clusterOptions = clusterOptions.Value;
        _communicationOptions = communicationOptions.Value;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the actor system once started. Null before StartAsync completes.
    /// </summary>
    public ActorSystem? ActorSystem => _actorSystem;

    /// <summary>
    /// Starts the Akka.NET actor system and registers actors.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used to cancel the operation.</param>
    /// <returns>A task representing the asynchronous operation.</returns>
    public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        // For site nodes, include a site-specific role (e.g., "site-SiteA") alongside the base role
        var roles = BuildRoles();

        // WP-3: Transport heartbeat explicitly configured from CommunicationOptions (not framework defaults)
        var transportHeartbeatSec = _communicationOptions.TransportHeartbeatInterval.TotalSeconds;
        var transportFailureSec = _communicationOptions.TransportFailureThreshold.TotalSeconds;

        // Host-006: HOCON is assembled in a dedicated builder that quotes/escapes every
        // interpolated value, so a hostname, seed node or strategy containing a quote,
        // backslash or whitespace cannot corrupt the configuration document.
        var hocon = BuildHocon(_nodeOptions, _clusterOptions, roles,
            _communicationOptions.TransportHeartbeatInterval,
            _communicationOptions.TransportFailureThreshold);

        var config = ConfigurationFactory.ParseString(hocon);
        _actorSystem = ActorSystem.Create("scadabridge", config);

        _logger.LogInformation(
            "Akka.NET actor system 'scadabridge' started. Role={Role}, Roles={Roles}, Hostname={Hostname}, Port={Port}, " +
            "TransportHeartbeat={TransportHeartbeat}s, TransportFailure={TransportFailure}s",
            _nodeOptions.Role,
            string.Join(", ", roles),
            _nodeOptions.NodeHostname,
            _nodeOptions.RemotingPort,
            transportHeartbeatSec,
            transportFailureSec);

        // Register the dead letter monitor actor
        var loggerFactory = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>();
        var dlmLogger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<DeadLetterMonitorActor>();
        var dlmHealthCollector = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.HealthMonitoring.ISiteHealthCollector>();
        _actorSystem.ActorOf(
            Props.Create(() => new DeadLetterMonitorActor(dlmLogger, dlmHealthCollector)),
            "dead-letter-monitor");

        // Register role-specific actors
        if (_nodeOptions.Role.Equals("Central", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            RegisterCentralActors();
        }
        else if (_nodeOptions.Role.Equals("Site", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            await RegisterSiteActorsAsync(cancellationToken);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Builds the Akka HOCON configuration document. Every interpolated value is
    /// routed through <see cref="QuoteHocon"/> (string values) so a hostname,
    /// seed-node URI, role or split-brain strategy containing a quote, backslash or
    /// whitespace cannot corrupt the document or be silently misparsed (Host-006).
    ///
    /// Host-012: the <c>keep-oldest down-if-alone</c> flag is emitted from
    /// <see cref="ClusterOptions.DownIfAlone"/> rather than hard-coded, so the bound
    /// configuration value is actually consumed.
    ///
    /// Host-013: every duration is rendered via <see cref="DurationHocon"/> in
    /// milliseconds, so sub-second cluster timing values (e.g. a 750ms heartbeat) are
    /// preserved exactly instead of being rounded to whole seconds.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="nodeOptions">The node configuration options.</param>
    /// <param name="clusterOptions">The cluster configuration options.</param>
    /// <param name="roles">The list of node roles to configure.</param>
    /// <param name="transportHeartbeat">The transport heartbeat interval.</param>
    /// <param name="transportFailure">The transport failure threshold.</param>
    /// <returns>The Akka HOCON configuration string.</returns>
    public static string BuildHocon(
        NodeOptions nodeOptions,
        ClusterOptions clusterOptions,
        IEnumerable<string> roles,
        TimeSpan transportHeartbeat,
        TimeSpan transportFailure)
    {
        var seedNodesStr = string.Join(",",
            clusterOptions.SeedNodes.Select(QuoteHocon));
        var rolesStr = string.Join(",", roles.Select(QuoteHocon));

        return $@"
audit-telemetry-dispatcher {{
    type = ForkJoinDispatcher
    throughput = 100
    dedicated-thread-pool {{
        thread-count = 2
    }}
}}
akka {{
    extensions = [
        ""Akka.Cluster.Tools.PublishSubscribe.DistributedPubSubExtensionProvider, Akka.Cluster.Tools""
    ]
    actor {{
        provider = cluster
    }}
    remote {{
        dot-netty.tcp {{
            hostname = {QuoteHocon(nodeOptions.NodeHostname)}
            port = {nodeOptions.RemotingPort}
        }}
        transport-failure-detector {{
            heartbeat-interval = {DurationHocon(transportHeartbeat)}
            acceptable-heartbeat-pause = {DurationHocon(transportFailure)}
        }}
    }}
    cluster {{
        seed-nodes = [{seedNodesStr}]
        roles = [{rolesStr}]
        min-nr-of-members = {clusterOptions.MinNrOfMembers}
        split-brain-resolver {{
            active-strategy = {QuoteHocon(clusterOptions.SplitBrainResolverStrategy)}
            stable-after = {DurationHocon(clusterOptions.StableAfter)}
            keep-oldest {{
                down-if-alone = {(clusterOptions.DownIfAlone ? "on" : "off")}
            }}
        }}
        failure-detector {{
            heartbeat-interval = {DurationHocon(clusterOptions.HeartbeatInterval)}
            acceptable-heartbeat-pause = {DurationHocon(clusterOptions.FailureDetectionThreshold)}
        }}
        run-coordinated-shutdown-when-down = on
    }}
    coordinated-shutdown {{
        run-by-clr-shutdown-hook = on
    }}
}}";
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Renders a <see cref="TimeSpan"/> as a HOCON duration in milliseconds. Akka's
    /// HOCON parser accepts a <c>ms</c> suffix, so emitting whole milliseconds
    /// preserves sub-second configuration exactly — a 750ms heartbeat stays 750ms
    /// rather than being rounded to <c>1s</c> (or, for sub-half-second values,
    /// silently collapsing to a degenerate <c>0s</c>) — Host-013.
    /// </summary>
    private static string DurationHocon(TimeSpan duration)
    {
        return $"{(long)Math.Round(duration.TotalMilliseconds)}ms";
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Renders a value as a HOCON double-quoted string, escaping backslashes and
    /// double quotes so the resulting token cannot break out of its string literal.
    /// </summary>
    private static string QuoteHocon(string? value)
    {
        var escaped = (value ?? string.Empty)
            .Replace("\\", "\\\\")
            .Replace("\"", "\\\"");
        return $"\"{escaped}\"";
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Stops the Akka.NET actor system and cleans up resources.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used to cancel the operation.</param>
    /// <returns>A task representing the asynchronous operation.</returns>
    public async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        // Dispose auxiliary subscribers (e.g. SiteAuditTelemetryStalledTracker)
        // BEFORE Akka shuts down so their EventStream unsubscribe calls run
        // while the system is still alive. Per-tracker Dispose is wrapped in
        // its own try so a misbehaving subscriber can't sink the shutdown.
        // Snapshot the list inside a lock so a concurrent StartAsync (the
        // test harness sometimes triggers a second start/stop interleaving)
        // can't race the enumeration. Clearing the original list under the
        // same lock leaves the next StartAsync with a clean slate.
        IDisposable[] disposables;
        lock (_trackedDisposables)
        {
            disposables = _trackedDisposables.ToArray();
            _trackedDisposables.Clear();
        }
        foreach (var disposable in disposables)
        {
            try { disposable.Dispose(); }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                _logger.LogWarning(ex,
                    "Auxiliary subscriber {Type} threw during shutdown",
                    disposable.GetType().Name);
            }
        }

        if (_actorSystem != null)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Shutting down Akka.NET actor system via CoordinatedShutdown...");
            var shutdown = Akka.Actor.CoordinatedShutdown.Get(_actorSystem);
            await shutdown.Run(Akka.Actor.CoordinatedShutdown.ClrExitReason.Instance);
            _logger.LogInformation("Akka.NET actor system shutdown complete.");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Builds the list of cluster roles for this node. Site nodes get both "Site"
    /// and a site-specific role (e.g., "site-SiteA") to scope singleton placement.
    /// </summary>
    private List<string> BuildRoles()
    {
        var roles = new List<string> { _nodeOptions.Role };

        if (_nodeOptions.Role.Equals("Site", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_nodeOptions.SiteId))
        {
            roles.Add($"site-{_nodeOptions.SiteId}");
        }

        return roles;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Registers central-side actors including the CentralCommunicationActor.
    /// WP-4: Central communication actor routes all 8 message patterns to sites.
    /// </summary>
    private void RegisterCentralActors()
    {
        // Feed this central node's hostname into the local health collector so
        // the CentralHealthReportLoop's report identifies the active node.
        var centralHealthCollector = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.HealthMonitoring.ISiteHealthCollector>();
        centralHealthCollector?.SetNodeHostname(_nodeOptions.NodeHostname);

        var siteClientFactory = new DefaultSiteClientFactory();
        var centralCommActor = _actorSystem!.ActorOf(
            Props.Create(() => new CentralCommunicationActor(_serviceProvider, siteClientFactory)),
            "central-communication");

        // Register CentralCommunicationActor with ClusterClientReceptionist so site ClusterClients can reach it
        ClusterClientReceptionist.Get(_actorSystem).RegisterService(centralCommActor);
        _logger.LogInformation("CentralCommunicationActor registered with ClusterClientReceptionist");

        // Wire up the CommunicationService with the actor reference
        var commService = _serviceProvider.GetService<CommunicationService>();
        commService?.SetCommunicationActor(centralCommActor);

        // Wire up the DebugStreamService with the ActorSystem
        var debugStreamService = _serviceProvider.GetService<DebugStreamService>();
        debugStreamService?.SetActorSystem(_actorSystem!);


        // Management Service — accessible via ClusterClient
        var mgmtLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.ManagementService.ManagementActor>();
        var mgmtActor = _actorSystem!.ActorOf(
            Props.Create(() => new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.ManagementService.ManagementActor(_serviceProvider, mgmtLogger)),
            "management");
        ClusterClientReceptionist.Get(_actorSystem).RegisterService(mgmtActor);
        var mgmtHolder = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.ManagementService.ManagementActorHolder>();
        mgmtHolder.ActorRef = mgmtActor;
        _logger.LogInformation("ManagementActor registered with ClusterClientReceptionist");

        // Notification Outbox — cluster singleton so exactly one node owns ingest,
        // the dispatch sweep and the purge loop. Central actors run on the base
        // "Central" role, so the singleton settings are NOT role-scoped (unlike the
        // site singletons, which are scoped to a per-site role).
        var outboxOptions = _serviceProvider
            .GetRequiredService<IOptions<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.NotificationOutbox.NotificationOutboxOptions>>().Value;
        var outboxLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.NotificationOutbox.NotificationOutboxActor>();
        // M4 Bundle B: central direct-write audit writer for dispatcher attempt
        // + terminal events. Resolved once from the root provider — the writer
        // is a singleton and stateless, opening per-call DI scopes internally
        // to resolve the scoped IAuditLogRepository.
        var outboxAuditWriter = _serviceProvider
            .GetRequiredService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Commons.Interfaces.Services.ICentralAuditWriter>();

        var outboxSingletonProps = ClusterSingletonManager.Props(
            singletonProps: Props.Create(() => new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.NotificationOutbox.NotificationOutboxActor(
                _serviceProvider,
                outboxOptions,
                outboxAuditWriter,
                outboxLogger)),
            terminationMessage: PoisonPill.Instance,
            settings: ClusterSingletonManagerSettings.Create(_actorSystem!)
                .WithSingletonName("notification-outbox"));
        _actorSystem!.ActorOf(outboxSingletonProps, "notification-outbox-singleton");

        var outboxProxyProps = ClusterSingletonProxy.Props(
            singletonManagerPath: "/user/notification-outbox-singleton",
            settings: ClusterSingletonProxySettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                .WithSingletonName("notification-outbox"));
        var outboxProxy = _actorSystem.ActorOf(outboxProxyProps, "notification-outbox-proxy");

        // Hand the outbox proxy to the CentralCommunicationActor so forwarded
        // NotificationSubmit messages from sites are routed to the outbox singleton.
        centralCommActor.Tell(new RegisterNotificationOutbox(outboxProxy));

        // Hand the same proxy to the CommunicationService so the Central UI can
        // Ask the outbox actor directly (query, retry, discard, KPIs).
        commService?.SetNotificationOutbox(outboxProxy);
        _logger.LogInformation("NotificationOutbox singleton created and registered with CentralCommunicationActor");

        // Audit Log (#23) — central singleton mirrors the Notification Outbox
        // pattern. The IngestAuditEvents gRPC handler lives on SiteStreamGrpcServer
        // (Communication.Grpc); a central node hosting that server (M6 reconciliation
        // path) hands the proxy in via SetAuditIngestActor below. When the gRPC
        // server is not registered (current central topology), the host still
        // brings the singleton up so a Bundle H in-process test (or a future
        // direct caller) can Ask the proxy without further wiring.
        // IAuditLogRepository is a SCOPED EF Core service, so the singleton
        // actor takes the root IServiceProvider and creates a fresh scope per
        // message (mirroring NotificationOutboxActor). Pre-resolving the
        // repository here would attempt to take a scoped service from the
        // root and fail under DI scope validation.
        var auditIngestLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Central.AuditLogIngestActor>();

        var auditIngestSingletonProps = ClusterSingletonManager.Props(
            singletonProps: Props.Create(() => new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Central.AuditLogIngestActor(
                _serviceProvider,
                auditIngestLogger)),
            terminationMessage: PoisonPill.Instance,
            settings: ClusterSingletonManagerSettings.Create(_actorSystem!)
                .WithSingletonName("audit-log-ingest"));
        _actorSystem!.ActorOf(auditIngestSingletonProps, "audit-log-ingest-singleton");

        var auditIngestProxyProps = ClusterSingletonProxy.Props(
            singletonManagerPath: "/user/audit-log-ingest-singleton",
            settings: ClusterSingletonProxySettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                .WithSingletonName("audit-log-ingest"));
        var auditIngestProxy = _actorSystem.ActorOf(auditIngestProxyProps, "audit-log-ingest-proxy");

        // Hand the audit-ingest proxy to the CentralCommunicationActor so audit
        // ingest commands forwarded by sites over ClusterClient are routed to the
        // singleton. Mirrors the RegisterNotificationOutbox wiring above.
        centralCommActor.Tell(new RegisterAuditIngest(auditIngestProxy));

        // Hand the proxy to the SiteStreamGrpcServer (if registered on this node)
        // so the IngestAuditEvents RPC routes incoming site batches to the singleton.
        // The gRPC server is currently only registered on Site nodes; on a central
        // node this resolves to null and the wiring is a no-op until M6 (which
        // brings central-hosted gRPC + a real site→central client).
        var grpcServer = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Communication.Grpc.SiteStreamGrpcServer>();
        grpcServer?.SetAuditIngestActor(auditIngestProxy);
        _logger.LogInformation(
            "AuditLogIngestActor singleton created (gRPC server bound: {GrpcBound})",
            grpcServer is not null);

        // Audit Log (#23) M6 Bundle E (T7): subscribe the per-site stalled
        // telemetry tracker to the actor system EventStream NOW that the
        // system exists. The tracker mirrors every
        // SiteAuditTelemetryStalledChanged publication (from
        // SiteAuditReconciliationActor — wired in a later bundle) into the
        // AuditCentralHealthSnapshot singleton so the central health surface
        // sees per-site stalled state. The tracker is constructed here rather
        // than in AddAuditLogCentralMaintenance because its ctor needs an
        // ActorSystem, which is not a DI-resolvable singleton — it's owned
        // by this hosted service. The snapshot singleton is resolvable;
        // passing it in seeds the tracker's Apply() so both internal state
        // and the snapshot stay in lock-step.
        var auditCentralSnapshot = _serviceProvider
            .GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Central.AuditCentralHealthSnapshot>();
        if (auditCentralSnapshot is not null)
        {
            var stalledTracker = new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Central.SiteAuditTelemetryStalledTracker(
                _actorSystem!, auditCentralSnapshot);
            lock (_trackedDisposables)
            {
                _trackedDisposables.Add(stalledTracker);
            }
            _logger.LogInformation("SiteAuditTelemetryStalledTracker subscribed to EventStream");
        }

        // Site Call Audit (#22) — central singleton mirrors the AuditLogIngest
        // and NotificationOutbox patterns. M3's dual-write transaction routes
        // SiteCalls upserts through AuditLogIngestActor's own scope-per-message
        // ISiteCallAuditRepository resolution, so this singleton is not on the
        // M3 happy-path hot path; it exists so direct-write callers Ask through
        // a stable cluster proxy without further wiring. The central→site
        // Retry/Discard relay now lives in this actor (see the
        // RegisterCentralCommunication wiring below); the reconciliation puller
        // is the remaining deferred direct-write caller.
        // Like AuditLogIngestActor, the actor takes the root IServiceProvider
        // and creates a fresh scope per message because ISiteCallAuditRepository
        // is a scoped EF Core service.
        var siteCallAuditLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteCallAudit.SiteCallAuditActor>();
        var siteCallAuditOptions = _serviceProvider
            .GetRequiredService<IOptions<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteCallAudit.SiteCallAuditOptions>>().Value;

        var siteCallAuditSingletonProps = ClusterSingletonManager.Props(
            singletonProps: Props.Create(() => new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteCallAudit.SiteCallAuditActor(
                _serviceProvider,
                siteCallAuditOptions,
                siteCallAuditLogger)),
            terminationMessage: PoisonPill.Instance,
            settings: ClusterSingletonManagerSettings.Create(_actorSystem!)
                .WithSingletonName("site-call-audit"));
        var siteCallAuditSingletonManager =
            _actorSystem!.ActorOf(siteCallAuditSingletonProps, "site-call-audit-singleton");

        // SiteCallAudit-002 graceful-handover hook. The default singleton handover
        // path waits for the actor's `ReceiveAsync` task to complete before
        // signalling `HandOverDone` to the new oldest node — so an in-flight
        // EF `UpsertAsync` IS waited for during a *clean* coordinated shutdown
        // (the cluster-leave phase below fires before the singleton terminates).
        // The risk the finding tracks is the seam between in-flight async work
        // and the cluster-leave + singleton-stop sequence: we bound it by
        // issuing an explicit `GracefulStop` to the singleton manager early
        // in `cluster-leave`, with a timeout that lets the running upsert + SQL
        // round-trip drain before the handover-to-other-node race window
        // opens. The timeout is bounded so a misbehaving upsert cannot stall
        // coordinated shutdown indefinitely — exceeding it falls through to
        // the existing PoisonPill termination path. Same pattern is suitable
        // for the NotificationOutbox singleton; not added here to keep this
        // change minimal (out of NS-020's scope).
        var siteCallAuditShutdown = Akka.Actor.CoordinatedShutdown.Get(_actorSystem);
        siteCallAuditShutdown.AddTask(
            Akka.Actor.CoordinatedShutdown.PhaseClusterLeave,
            "drain-site-call-audit-singleton",
            async () =>
            {
                try
                {
                    await siteCallAuditSingletonManager.GracefulStop(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    _logger.LogWarning(ex,
                        "SiteCallAudit singleton did not drain within the graceful-stop "
                        + "timeout; falling through to PoisonPill handover");
                }
                return Akka.Done.Instance;
            });

        var siteCallAuditProxyProps = ClusterSingletonProxy.Props(
            singletonManagerPath: "/user/site-call-audit-singleton",
            settings: ClusterSingletonProxySettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                .WithSingletonName("site-call-audit"));
        var siteCallAuditProxy = _actorSystem.ActorOf(siteCallAuditProxyProps, "site-call-audit-proxy");

        // Hand the proxy to the CommunicationService so the Central UI can Ask
        // the Site Call Audit actor directly (query, KPIs, detail) — mirrors the
        // SetNotificationOutbox wiring above.
        commService?.SetSiteCallAudit(siteCallAuditProxy);

        // Task 5 (#22): hand the CentralCommunicationActor to the SiteCallAudit
        // actor so it can relay operator Retry/Discard on parked cached calls to
        // the owning site (over the per-site ClusterClient via SiteEnvelope).
        // Mirrors the RegisterAuditIngest / RegisterNotificationOutbox wiring;
        // the message is sent to the singleton proxy so it reaches whichever
        // central node currently hosts the singleton.
        siteCallAuditProxy.Tell(
            new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteCallAudit.RegisterCentralCommunication(centralCommActor));
        _logger.LogInformation(
            "SiteCallAuditActor singleton created and registered with CentralCommunicationActor");

        _logger.LogInformation("Central actors registered. CentralCommunicationActor created.");
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Registers site-specific actors including the Deployment Manager cluster singleton
    /// and the SiteCommunicationActor.
    /// The singleton is scoped to the site-specific cluster role so it runs on exactly
    /// one node within this site's cluster.
    /// </summary>
    private async Task RegisterSiteActorsAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var siteRole = $"site-{_nodeOptions.SiteId}";
        var storage = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<SiteStorageService>();
        var compilationService = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ScriptCompilationService>();
        var sharedScriptLibrary = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<SharedScriptLibrary>();
        var streamManager = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<SiteStreamManager>();
        streamManager.Initialize(_actorSystem!);
        var siteRuntimeOptionsValue = _serviceProvider.GetService<IOptions<SiteRuntimeOptions>>()?.Value
            ?? new SiteRuntimeOptions();
        var dmLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<DeploymentManagerActor>();

        // WP-34: Create DCL Manager Actor for tag subscriptions
        var dclFactory = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.DataConnectionLayer.IDataConnectionFactory>();
        var dclOptions = _serviceProvider.GetService<IOptions<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.DataConnectionLayer.DataConnectionOptions>>()?.Value
            ?? new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.DataConnectionLayer.DataConnectionOptions();
        IActorRef? dclManager = null;
        if (dclFactory != null)
        {
            var healthCollector = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.HealthMonitoring.ISiteHealthCollector>();
            var siteEventLogger = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.SiteEventLogging.ISiteEventLogger>();
            dclManager = _actorSystem!.ActorOf(
                Props.Create(() => new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.DataConnectionLayer.Actors.DataConnectionManagerActor(
                    dclFactory, dclOptions, healthCollector, siteEventLogger)),
                "dcl-manager");
            _logger.LogInformation("Data Connection Layer manager actor created");
        }

        // Resolve the health collector for the Deployment Manager
        var siteHealthCollector = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.HealthMonitoring.ISiteHealthCollector>();
        siteHealthCollector?.SetNodeHostname(_nodeOptions.NodeHostname);

        // Create SiteReplicationActor on every node (not a singleton)
        var sfStorage = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<StoreAndForwardStorage>();
        var replicationService = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ReplicationService>();
        var replicationLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<SiteReplicationActor>();

        var replicationActor = _actorSystem!.ActorOf(
            Props.Create(() => new SiteReplicationActor(
                storage, sfStorage, replicationService, siteRole, replicationLogger)),
            "site-replication");

        // Wire S&F replication handler to forward operations via the replication actor
        replicationService.SetReplicationHandler(op =>
        {
            replicationActor.Tell(new ReplicateStoreAndForward(op));
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        });

        _logger.LogInformation("SiteReplicationActor created and S&F replication handler wired");

        // Create the Deployment Manager as a cluster singleton
        var singletonProps = ClusterSingletonManager.Props(
            singletonProps: Props.Create(() => new DeploymentManagerActor(
                storage,
                compilationService,
                sharedScriptLibrary,
                streamManager,
                siteRuntimeOptionsValue,
                dmLogger,
                dclManager,
                replicationActor,
                siteHealthCollector,
                _serviceProvider)),
            terminationMessage: PoisonPill.Instance,
            settings: ClusterSingletonManagerSettings.Create(_actorSystem!)
                .WithRole(siteRole)
                .WithSingletonName("deployment-manager"));

        _actorSystem!.ActorOf(singletonProps, "deployment-manager-singleton");

        // Create a proxy for other actors to communicate with the singleton
        var proxyProps = ClusterSingletonProxy.Props(
            singletonManagerPath: "/user/deployment-manager-singleton",
            settings: ClusterSingletonProxySettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                .WithRole(siteRole)
                .WithSingletonName("deployment-manager"));

        var dmProxy = _actorSystem.ActorOf(proxyProps, "deployment-manager-proxy");

        // WP-4: Create SiteCommunicationActor for receiving messages from central
        var siteCommActor = _actorSystem.ActorOf(
            Props.Create(() => new SiteCommunicationActor(
                _nodeOptions.SiteId!,
                _communicationOptions,
                dmProxy)),
            "site-communication");

        // Register local handlers with SiteCommunicationActor
        siteCommActor.Tell(new RegisterLocalHandler(LocalHandlerType.Artifacts, dmProxy));

        // Event log handler — cluster singleton so queries always reach the
        // active node. The event log is node-local SQLite and is not
        // replicated; only the active node records events. A per-node handler
        // would let a ClusterClient query land on the standby and find nothing.
        var eventLogQueryService = _serviceProvider.GetService<SiteEventLogging.IEventLogQueryService>();
        if (eventLogQueryService != null)
        {
            var eventLogSingletonProps = ClusterSingletonManager.Props(
                singletonProps: Props.Create(() => new SiteEventLogging.EventLogHandlerActor(eventLogQueryService)),
                terminationMessage: PoisonPill.Instance,
                settings: ClusterSingletonManagerSettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                    .WithRole(siteRole)
                    .WithSingletonName("event-log-handler"));
            _actorSystem.ActorOf(eventLogSingletonProps, "event-log-handler-singleton");

            var eventLogProxyProps = ClusterSingletonProxy.Props(
                singletonManagerPath: "/user/event-log-handler-singleton",
                settings: ClusterSingletonProxySettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                    .WithRole(siteRole)
                    .WithSingletonName("event-log-handler"));
            var eventLogProxy = _actorSystem.ActorOf(eventLogProxyProps, "event-log-handler-proxy");

            siteCommActor.Tell(new RegisterLocalHandler(LocalHandlerType.EventLog, eventLogProxy));
        }

        // Parked message handler — bridges Akka to StoreAndForwardService
        var storeAndForwardService = _serviceProvider.GetService<StoreAndForwardService>();
        if (storeAndForwardService != null)
        {
            // Initialize SQLite schema and start the retry timer. Must complete before
            // any actor or HTTP handler touches the service. Host-005: awaited rather
            // than blocked via GetAwaiter().GetResult() — no thread-pool starvation /
            // sync-context deadlock risk, and exceptions surface as their original type.
            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
            await storeAndForwardService.StartAsync();

            // Register the store-and-forward delivery handlers so buffered
            // ExternalSystem calls, cached DB writes and notifications are actually
            // delivered by the retry sweep. Without this, every buffered message is
            // persisted but never delivered. Each handler resolves its scoped consumer
            // service in a fresh DI scope — the sweep runs on a timer thread, outside
            // any request scope.
            storeAndForwardService.RegisterDeliveryHandler(
                ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Commons.Types.Enums.StoreAndForwardCategory.ExternalSystem,
                async msg =>
                {
                    using var scope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope();
                    return await scope.ServiceProvider
                        .GetRequiredService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.ExternalSystemGateway.ExternalSystemClient>()
                        .DeliverBufferedAsync(msg);
                });
            storeAndForwardService.RegisterDeliveryHandler(
                ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Commons.Types.Enums.StoreAndForwardCategory.CachedDbWrite,
                async msg =>
                {
                    using var scope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope();
                    return await scope.ServiceProvider
                        .GetRequiredService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.ExternalSystemGateway.DatabaseGateway>()
                        .DeliverBufferedAsync(msg);
                });
            // Notification Outbox: a buffered notification is no longer delivered by
            // the site over SMTP. "Delivering" it means forwarding it to the central
            // cluster via the SiteCommunicationActor and treating central's
            // NotificationSubmitAck as the outcome (accepted → delivered; not accepted
            // or timeout → throw → transient → keep buffering). Central owns SMTP.
            //
            // NotificationService-020: register exactly once. The sentinel guard
            // catches a second registration path that re-introduces the dead
            // NS-001 site-SMTP handler — see the sentinel's XML doc above for the
            // historical context. Throwing here is intentional: a silent overwrite
            // by a future maintainer would invert the design back to site-side
            // delivery (NotificationForwarder vs. NotificationDeliveryService).
            if (_notificationDeliveryHandlerRegistered)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(
                    "NotificationService-020: A Notification-category store-and-forward "
                    + "delivery handler was already registered. The canonical handler is "
                    + "NotificationForwarder (central-only delivery, post-redesign). "
                    + "If you are re-introducing a second registration path, remove the "
                    + "first one — RegisterDeliveryHandler is last-write-wins per category "
                    + "and a duplicate inverts the design.");
            }
            var notificationForwarder = new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.StoreAndForward.NotificationForwarder(
                siteCommActor,
                _nodeOptions.SiteId!,
                _communicationOptions.NotificationForwardTimeout);
            storeAndForwardService.RegisterDeliveryHandler(
                ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Commons.Types.Enums.StoreAndForwardCategory.Notification,
                notificationForwarder.DeliverAsync);
            _notificationDeliveryHandlerRegistered = true;
            _logger.LogInformation(
                "Store-and-forward delivery handlers registered (ExternalSystem, CachedDbWrite, Notification)");

            var parkedMessageHandler = _actorSystem.ActorOf(
                Props.Create(() => new ParkedMessageHandlerActor(
                    storeAndForwardService, _nodeOptions.SiteId!)),
                "parked-message-handler");
            siteCommActor.Tell(new RegisterLocalHandler(LocalHandlerType.ParkedMessages, parkedMessageHandler));
        }

        // Register SiteCommunicationActor with ClusterClientReceptionist so central ClusterClients can reach it
        ClusterClientReceptionist.Get(_actorSystem).RegisterService(siteCommActor);

        _logger.LogInformation(
            "Site actors registered. DeploymentManager singleton scoped to role={SiteRole}, SiteCommunicationActor created.",
            siteRole);

        // Create ClusterClient to central if contact points are configured
        if (_communicationOptions.CentralContactPoints.Count > 0)
        {
            var contacts = _communicationOptions.CentralContactPoints
                .Select(cp => ActorPath.Parse($"{cp}/system/receptionist"))
                .ToImmutableHashSet();
            var clientSettings = ClusterClientSettings.Create(_actorSystem)
                .WithInitialContacts(contacts);
            var centralClient = _actorSystem.ActorOf(
                ClusterClient.Props(clientSettings), "central-cluster-client");

            var siteCommSelection = _actorSystem.ActorSelection("/user/site-communication");
            siteCommSelection.Tell(new RegisterCentralClient(centralClient));

            _logger.LogInformation(
                "Created ClusterClient to central with {Count} contact point(s) for site {SiteId}",
                contacts.Count, _nodeOptions.SiteId);
        }

        // Audit Log (#23) — site-side telemetry actor that drains the SQLite
        // Pending queue and pushes to central via IngestAuditEvents. Not a
        // cluster singleton: each site is its own cluster, and the actor reads
        // node-local SQLite (no replication). The Props are bound to the
        // dedicated audit-telemetry-dispatcher (defined in BuildHocon) so a
        // batch SQLite read + gRPC push never contend with the default
        // dispatcher used by hot-path actors.
        //
        // Per Bundle E's brief: the SiteAuditTelemetryActor takes its
        // collaborators through its constructor, so we resolve them from DI
        // and pass them in via Props.Create rather than relying on a future
        // FactoryProvider. The real site→central client is constructed and
        // wired immediately below: a ClusterClientSiteAuditClient (ClusterClient
        // transport, not gRPC) replaces the DI-default NoOpSiteStreamAuditClient
        // for site roles, without disturbing the rest of this wiring.
        var siteAuditOptions = _serviceProvider
            .GetRequiredService<IOptions<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Site.Telemetry.SiteAuditTelemetryOptions>>();
        var siteAuditQueue = _serviceProvider
            .GetRequiredService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Commons.Interfaces.Services.ISiteAuditQueue>();
        // Audit Log (#23) Task 2 follow-up: the production site→central audit
        // push uses the ClusterClient transport via the SiteCommunicationActor,
        // not the DI-resolved NoOpSiteStreamAuditClient. The NoOp default stays
        // correct for central/test composition roots (no SiteCommunicationActor);
        // a site role wires the real ClusterClient-based client here so the
        // SQLite Pending backlog actually drains to central. The forward Ask
        // reuses NotificationForwardTimeout — the same site→central command
        // forward bound notifications already use over this transport.
        ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Site.Telemetry.ISiteStreamAuditClient siteAuditClient =
            new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Site.Telemetry.ClusterClientSiteAuditClient(
                siteCommActor,
                _communicationOptions.NotificationForwardTimeout);
        var siteAuditLogger = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILoggerFactory>()
            .CreateLogger<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Site.Telemetry.SiteAuditTelemetryActor>();

        // AuditLog-001: resolve the site-local operation tracking store so the
        // actor can run the combined-telemetry cached-drain in parallel with
        // the audit-only drain. The store is registered by AddSiteRuntime on
        // site composition roots; on central it is intentionally absent and
        // the cached-drain scheduler is never armed (the central side has no
        // outbound cached calls to track). GetService — null when not
        // registered — matches the optional-param contract on the actor ctor.
        var siteTrackingStore = _serviceProvider
            .GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Commons.Interfaces.IOperationTrackingStore>();

        var siteAuditTelemetryProps = Props.Create(() =>
                new ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.AuditLog.Site.Telemetry.SiteAuditTelemetryActor(
                    siteAuditQueue,
                    siteAuditClient,
                    siteAuditOptions,
                    siteAuditLogger,
                    siteTrackingStore))
            .WithDispatcher("audit-telemetry-dispatcher");
        _actorSystem.ActorOf(siteAuditTelemetryProps, "site-audit-telemetry");
        _logger.LogInformation(
            "SiteAuditTelemetryActor created (dispatcher=audit-telemetry-dispatcher, client={ClientType}, cachedDrain={CachedDrainEnabled})",
            siteAuditClient.GetType().Name,
            siteTrackingStore is not null);

        // Gate gRPC subscriptions until the actor system and SiteStreamManager are
        // initialized (REQ-HOST-7).
        //
        // Host-009: SetReady asserts a deliberately narrow contract. By this point the
        // actor system exists, SiteStreamManager.Initialize has run, and every
        // role actor (SiteCommunicationActor, deployment-manager singleton,
        // SiteReplicationActor, the ClusterClient) has been created with ActorOf —
        // creation and the registration Tells are synchronous and strictly ordered.
        // What is NOT guaranteed is completion of each actor's PreStart or the
        // ClusterClient's initial-contact handshake with central: those are
        // intentionally asynchronous. Gating readiness on the central handshake would
        // be wrong — a site must come up and stream locally even while central is
        // briefly unreachable. gRPC readiness therefore guarantees "the site actor
        // graph exists and can accept subscription streams", not "the cluster
        // handshake has completed". Streams opened before SetReady are already
        // rejected by SiteStreamGrpcServer with StatusCode.Unavailable.
        var grpcServer = _serviceProvider.GetService<ZB.MOM.WW.ScadaBridge.Communication.Grpc.SiteStreamGrpcServer>();
        // Audit Log (#23 M6): hand the site-local SqliteAuditWriter (which
        // implements ISiteAuditQueue) to the gRPC server so the PullAuditEvents
        // reconciliation RPC can serve central's pulls. Both the writer and the
        // gRPC server are singletons — wiring this here keeps the dependency
        // direction one-way (Host knows both; Communication doesn't reach back
        // into AuditLog).
        grpcServer?.SetSiteAuditQueue(siteAuditQueue);
        grpcServer?.SetReady(_actorSystem!);
    }
}